Silk Purses and Sows’ Ears: NVQs, GNVQs and experiential learning

REFERENCES

• Ashworth , P. and Saxton , J. 1990 . On Competence . Journal of Further & Higher Education , 14 : 3 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Ashworth , P. 1992 . Being competent and having ‘competencies’ . Journal of Further & Higher Education , 16 : 8 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Ball , S.J. 1990 . Politics and Policy Making in Education , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Bennett , R. , Glennerster , H. and Nevison , D. 1992 . Learning Should Pay , London : London School of Economics/BP Educational Services .
   Google Scholar
• Bruner , J. 1974 . The Relevance of Education , Harmondsworth : Penguin Education .
   Google Scholar
• Bull , H. 1985 . The use of behavioural objectives . Journal of Further & Higher Education , 9 : 74 – 80 .
   Google Scholar
• Callender , C. 1992 . Will NVQs Work? Evidence from the Construction Industry , Brighton : University of Sussex, Institute of Manpower Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Collins , M. 1991 . Adult Education as Vocation , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Curzon , L.B. 1985 . Teaching in Further Education , London : Cassell .
   Google Scholar
• Dale , R. 1988 . “ Implications for progressivism of recent changes in the control and direction of education policy ” . In Progress and Inequality in Comprehensive Education , Edited by: Green , A. and Ball , S. J. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Edwards , R. 1991 . “ Winners and losers: the education and training of adults ” . In Change and Intervention: Vocational Education and Training , Edited by: Raggatt , P. and Unwin , L. London : Falmer Press .
   Google Scholar
• Edwards , R. 1993 . “ The inevitable future?: post‐Fordism in work and learning ” . In Adult Learners, Education and Training , Edited by: Edwards , R. , Sieminski , S. and Zeldin , D. London : Routledge/Open University .
   Google Scholar
• Eraut , M. 1989 . “ Initial teacher training and the NCVQ model ” . In Competency Based Education and Training , Edited by: Burke , J. W. Lewes : Falmer Press .
   Google Scholar
• FEU . 1992 . A Basis for Credit? , London : Further Education Unit .
   Google Scholar
• Field , J. 1991 . Competency and the pedagogy of labour . Studies in the Education of Adults , 23 : 41 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs , G. 1988 . Learning By Doing , London : Further Education Unit .
   Google Scholar
• Haffenden , I. and Brown , A. 1989 . “ Towards the implementation of NVQs in colleges of FE ” . In Competency Based Education and Training , Edited by: Burke , J. W. Lewes : Falmer Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hodkinson , P. 1992 . Alternative models of competence in vocational education and training . Journal of Further & Higher Education , 16 : 30 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• Hyland , T. 1992 . NVQs and the reform of vocational education and training . Journal of the National Association for Staff Development , 26 : 29 – 36 .
   Google Scholar
• Hyland , T. 1993a . Professional development and competence‐based education . Educational Studies , 19 : 123 – 132 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyland , T. 1993b . Competence, knowledge and education . Journal of Philosophy of Education , 27 (1)
   Google Scholar
• Kerry , T. and Tollitt‐Evans , J. 1992 . Teaching in Further Education , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• KoIb , D. 1993 . “ The process of experiential learning ” . In Culture and Processes of Adult Learning , Edited by: Thorpe , M. , Edwards , R. and Hanson , A. London : Routledge/Open University .
   Google Scholar
• Maclure , S. 1991 . Missing Links: the challenge to further education , London : Policy Studies Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , K. 1991 . NVQs: An Assessment of the Outcomes Approach to Education and Training . Journal of Further & Higher Education , 15 : 56 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Mezirow , J. 1990 . “ A critical theory of adult learning and education ” . In Adult Learning and Education , Edited by: Tight , M. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Minton , D. 1991 . Teaching Skills in Further and Adult Education , London : City & Guilds/Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Nash , I. 1993a . CBI wants post‐16 reform . Times Educational Supplement , 12.3.93
   Google Scholar
• Nash , I. 1993b . Wessex A‐Levels scrapped . Times Educational Supplement , 30 April
   Google Scholar
• NCVQ . 1988 . Initial Criteria and Guidelines for Staff Development , London : National Council for Vocational Qualifications .
   Google Scholar
• NCVQ . 1991 . General National Vocational Qualifications , London : National Council for Vocational Qualifications .
   Google Scholar
• NCVQ . 1992 . Response to the Consultation on GNVQs , Report 15 London : National Council for Vocational Qualifications .
   Google Scholar
• Raggatt , P. 1991 . “ Quality Assurance and NVQs ” . In Change and Intervention: vocational education and training , Edited by: Raggatt , P. and Unwin , L. London : Falmer Press .
   Google Scholar
• RSA . 1992 . GNVQ Update , Coventry : Royal Society of Arts Exam Board .
   Google Scholar
• Schon , D. 1987 . Educating the Reflective Practitioner; Towards a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions , San Francisco : Jossey‐Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Spencer , D. 1993 . Curriculum brings improvement but distorts . Times Educational Supplement , 2 April
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , P.H. and Richards , C.M. 1985 . An Introduction to Curriculum Studies , Windsor : NFER‐Nelson .
   Google Scholar
• Tysome , T. 1993a . Shephard in bid to smooth ruffled DFE . Times Higher Education Supplement , 12 February
   Google Scholar
• Tysome , T. 1993b . Go‐Ahead for A Level reforms . Times Higher Education Supplement , 30 April
   Google Scholar
• Young , S. 1993 . Flexible A‐levels pay big dividends . Times Educational Supplement , 5 March
   Google Scholar