Agrarian Marxism and the proletariat: a palm oil manifesto

References

• Abdullah, Ramli, Azman Ismail, and Ayatollah Khomeini A. Rahman. 2011. “Labour Requirements in the Malaysian Oil Palm Industry in 2010.” Oil Palm Industry Economic Journal 11 (2): 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Araghi, Farshad A. 1995. “Global Depeasantization, 1945–1990.” The Sociological Quarterly 36 (2): 337–368. doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1995.tb00443.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barca, Stefania. 2017. “The Labor(s) of Degrowth.” Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 2017: 1–10. doi:10.1080/10455752.2017.1373300.
   Google Scholar
• Beckert, Sven. 2014. Empire of Cotton. A Global History. New York: Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Behal, Rana P., and Prabhu P. Mohapatra. 1992. “Tea and Money Versus Human Life’, The Rise and Fall of the Indenture System in the Assam tea Plantations 1840–1908.” Journal of Peasant Studies 19 (3-4): 142–172. doi:10.1080/03066159208438491.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein, Henry. 2009. “V.I. Lenin and A.V. Chayanov: Looking Back, Looking Forward.” Journal of Peasant Studies 36 (1): 55–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein, Henry. 2010. Class Dynamics of Agrarian Change. Halifax, NS: Fernwood.
   Google Scholar
• Bernstein, Henry. 2014. “Food Sovereignty via the ‘Peasant Way’: A Sceptical View.” Journal of Peasant Studies 41 (6): 1031–1063. doi:10.1080/03066150.2013.852082.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein, Henry. 2018. “The ‘Peasant Problem’ in the Russian Revolution(s), 1905–1929.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 1127–1150. doi:10.1080/03066150.2018.1428189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borras, Saturnino M., Jennifer C. Franco, S. Ryan Isakson, Les Levidow, and Pietje Vervest. 2016. “The Rise of Flex Crops and Commodities: Implications for Research.” Journal of Peasant Studies 43 (1): 93–115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BPS. 2018. Statistik Indonesia 2018. Jakarta. https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2018/07/03/5a963c1ea9b0fed6497d0845/statistik-indonesia-2018.html.
   Google Scholar
• Brass, Tom. 2000. Peasants, Populism and Postmodernism: The Return of the Agrarian Myth. The library of peasant studies 17. London/Portland: Frank Cass.
   Google Scholar
• Brass, Tom, and Henry Bernstein. 1992. “Introduction: Proletarianisation and Deproletarianisation on the Colonial Plantation.” Journal of Peasant Studies 19 (3-4): 1–40. doi:10.1080/03066159208438486.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breman, Jan. 1990. “‘Even Dogs are Better Off’: The Ongoing Battle Between Capital and Labour in the Cane-Fields of Gujarat.” Journal of Peasant Studies 17 (4): 546–608.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breman, Jan, and Gunawan Wiradi. 2002. Good Times and Bad Times in Rural Java. Leiden: KITLV Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brunner, Jan. 2017. “Gewerkschaftliche Machtressourcen in Landwirtschaftlichen Transformationsprozessen. Eine Analyse des Zuckerrohrsektors im Bundesstaat São Paulo.” Prokla 189: 553–568.
   Google Scholar
• Burch, David, and Geoffrey Lawrence. 2005. “Supermarket own Brands, Supply Chains and the Transformation of the Agrofood System.” International Journal of the Sociology of Agriculture and Food 13 (1): 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Byerlee, Derek. 2014. “The Fall and Rise Again of Plantations in Tropical Asia: History Repeated?” Land 3 (3): 574–597.
   Google Scholar
• Center for Trade Union and Human Rights. 2012. Children of the Sunshine Industry. Child Labor and Workers’ Situation in Oil Palm Plantations in Caraga. Quezon City.
   Google Scholar
• Chattopadhyay, Kunal, and Soma Marik. 2016. “India on Strike.” Jacobin. www.jacobinmag.com/2016/10/indian-workers-general-strike/.
   Google Scholar
• Clapp, Jennifer. 2014. “Financialization, Distance and Global Food Politics.” Journal of Peasant Studies 41 (5): 797–814.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cochet, Hubert. 2018. “Capital–Labour Separation and Unequal Value Added Distribution: Repositioning Land Grabbing in the General Movement of Contemporary Agricultural Transformations.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (7): 1410–1431. doi:10.1080/03066150.2017.1311866.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramb, Rob, and John McCarthy. 2016. Characterising Oil Palm Production in Indonesia and Malaysia. The Oil Palm Complex. Smallholders, Agribusiness and the State in Indonesia and Malaysia, Singapore.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, Mike. 2006. Planet of Slums. London: Verso.
   Google Scholar
• Day, Alexander F., and Mindi Schneider. 2018. “The End of Alternatives? Capitalist Transformation, Rural Activism and the Politics of Possibility in China.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (7): 1221–1246. doi:10.1080/03066150.2017.1386179.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Schutter, Olivier. 2013. “Agroecology. A Solution to the Crises of Food Systems and Climate Change.” In UNCTAD: Trade and Environment Review 2013. Wake Up Before it is Too Late, 34–38. https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ditcted2012d3_en.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Dicken, Peter. 2011. Global Shift. Mapping the Changing Contours of the World Economy. 6th ed. New York: The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Elmhirst, Rebecca, Mia Siscawati, Bimbika Sijapati Basnett, and Dian Ekowati. 2017. “Gender and Generation in Engagements with Oil Palm in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Insights From Feminist Political Ecology.” Journal of Peasant Studies 44 (6): 1135–1157.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAO. 2014. The State of Food and Agriculture, Innovation in Family Farming. Rome: FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4040e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Ford, Michele. 2000. “Research Note: Indonesian Trade Union Developments Since the Fall of Suharto.” Labour and Management in Development Journal 1 (3): 1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Foster, John Bellamy. 2000. Marx’s Ecology. Materialism and Nature. New York: Monthly Review Press.
   Google Scholar
• Foster, John Bellamy, Brett Clark, and Richard York. 2010. The Ecological Rift. Capitalism’s War on the Earth. New York: Monthly Review Press.
   Google Scholar
• Friis, Cecilie, and Jonas O. Nielsen. 2016. “Small-scale Land Acquisitions, Large-Scale Implications: Exploring the Case of Chinese Banana Investments in Northern Laos.” Land Use Policy 57: 117–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gidwani, Vinay, and Priti Ramamurthy. 2018. “Agrarian Questions of Labor in Urban India, Middle Migrants, Translocal Householding and the Intersectional Politics of Social Reproduction.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 994–1017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, Ruth, Ian Scoones, and Dzodzi Tsikata. 2017. “Plantations, Outgrowers and Commercial Farming in Africa: Agricultural Commercialisation and Implications for Agrarian Change.” Journal of Peasant Studies 44 (3): 515–537.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermann, Ulrike. 2018. Genial und manchmal falsch. http://www.taz.de/!5482920/.
   Google Scholar
• Herod, Andrew. 2001. Labor Geographies. Workers and the Landscapes of Capitalism. New York and London: The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hindley, Donald. 1964. The Communist Party of Indonesia 1951-1963. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs, Ricardo. 2018. “An Urban Proletariat with Peasant Characteristics: Land Occupations and Livestock Raising in South Africa.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 884–903.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juliawan, Benny Hari. 2011. “Street-level Politics, Labour Protests in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 41 (3): 349–370.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelompok Pelita Sejahtera. 2008. Buruh Harian Lepas. Studi Kajian Hubungan Kerja, Upah dan Kesejahteraan di Perkebunan Sumatera Utara. Medan: KPS.
   Google Scholar
• Lerche, Jens, and Alpa Shah. 2018. “Conjugated Oppression Within Contemporary Capitalism: Class, Caste, Tribe and Agrarian Change in India.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 927–949.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levien, Michael, Michael Watts, and Yan Hairong. 2018. “Agrarian Marxism.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 853–883.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Tania M. 2011. “Centering Labor in the Land Grab Debate.” Journal of Peasant Studies 38 (2): 281–298. doi:10.1080/03066150.2011.559009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Tania M. 2017a. “Intergenerational Displacement in Indonesia’s oil Palm Plantation Zone.” Journal of Peasant Studies 44 (6): 1158–1176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Tania M. 2017b. “The Price of Un/Freedom, Indonesia’s Colonial and Contemporary Plantation Labor Regimes.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 59 (2): 245–276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Tania M. 2017c. “After the Land Grab, Infrastructural Violence and the ‘Mafia System’ in Indonesia's oil Palm Plantation Zones.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.10.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lockie, Stewart, Jose Travero, and Rebeka Tennent. 2015. “Private Food Standards, Regulatory Gaps and Plantation Agriculture: Social and Environmental (ir)Responsibility in the Philippine Export Banana Industry.” Journal of Cleaner Production 107: 122–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López-Sala, Ana. 2016. “Induced Circularity for Selective Workers. The Case of Seasonal Labor Mobility Schemes in the Spanish Agriculture.” Arbor 192 (777): a287. doi:10.3989/arbor.2016.777n1003.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, Philip. 2002. “Mexican Workers and U.S. Agriculture: The Revolving Door.” The International Migration Review 36 (4): 1124–1142.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marx, Karl. 1844. Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Economic-Philosophic-Manuscripts-1844.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, Karl. 1867. Capital. A Critique of Political Economy. Volume I. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Capital-Volume-I.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, Karl. 1871. The Civil War in France. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/civil_war_france.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, Karl. 1894. Capital. A Critique of Political Economy. Volume III. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Capital-Volume-III.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. 1846. The German Ideology. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/Marx_The_German_Ideology.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. 1848. Manifesto of the Communist Party. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. 1879. Circular Letter to August Bebel, Wilhelm Liebknecht, Wilhelm Bracke and Others. https://marxists.catbull.com/archive/marx/works/1879/09/18.htm.
   Google Scholar
• McMichael, Philip. 2009. “A Food Regime Genealogy.” Journal of Peasant Studies 36 (1): 139–169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMichael, Philip. 2014. “Historicizing Food Sovereignty.” Journal of Peasant Studies 41 (6): 933–957.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mies, Maria. 1986. Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale. London: Zed Books.
   Google Scholar
• Mintz, Sidney W. 1985. Sweetness and Power. The Place of Sugar in Modern History. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Mufakhir, Abu. 2017. “Alliances of Labour Unions as the Backbone of General Strikes in Indonesia.” In Resistance on the Continent of Labour. Strategies and Initiatives of Labour Organizing in Asia, edited by Fahmi Panimbang, 261–288. Hongkong: AMRC.
   Google Scholar
• Murray, Martin J. 1992. “‘White Gold’ or ‘White Blood'? The Rubber Plantations of Colonial Indochina, 1910–40.” Journal of Peasant Studies 19 (3-4): 41–67.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ness, Immanuel. 2016. Southern Insurgency. The Coming of the Global Working Class. London: Pluto Press.
   Google Scholar
• PAN Asia Pacific. 2017. The Price of Indonesia’s Palm Oil. Vulnerable and Exploited Women Workers. Penang: PANAP.
   Google Scholar
• Panimbang, Fahmi. 2017. Resistance on the Continent of Labour. Strategies and Initiatives of Labour Organizing in Asia. Hongkong: AMRC.
   Google Scholar
• Pelzer, Karl J. 1982. Planters Against Peasants, The Agrarian Struggle in East Sumatra 1947–1958. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
   Google Scholar
• Purcell, Thomas F. 2018. “‘Hot Chocolate’: Financialized Global Value Chains and Cocoa Production in Ecuador.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 904–926.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pye, Oliver. 2015. “Transnational Space and Workers’ Struggles, Reshaping the Palm Oil Industry in Malaysia.” In The Political Ecology of Agrofuels, edited by Kristina Dietz, Bettina Engels, Oliver Pye, and Achim Brunnengräber, 186–201. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Pye, Oliver. 2017. “A Transnational Plantation Precariat. Fragmentation and Organising Potential in the Palm Oil Global Production Network.” Development and Change Forum 48 (5): 942–964.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pye, Oliver, Ramlah Daud, Yuyun Harmono and Tatat. 2012. “Precarious Lives: Transnational Biographies of Migrant Oil Palm Workers.” Asia Pacific Viewpoint 53 (3): 330–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pye, Oliver and Julia. 2014. “Climate Politics and the Gendered Palm Oil Landscapes of Southeast Asia.” In Klimaveränderung, Umwelt und Geschlechterverhältnisse im Wandel – Neue Interdisziplinäre Ansätze und Perspektiven, edited by Petra Dannenberg and Birte Rodenberg 205–225. Münste: Westfälisches Dampfboot.
   Google Scholar
• Ramasamy, P. 1992. “Labour Control and Labour Resistance in the Plantations of Colonial Malaya.” Journal of Peasant Studies 19 (3-4): 87–105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao, Smriti. 2018. “Gender and Class Relations in Rural India.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 950–968.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reckinger, Gilles. 2018. Bittere Orangen, Ein Neues Gesicht der Sklaverei in Europa. Wuppertal: Peter Hammer Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Riisgaard, Lone. 2009. “Global Value Chains, Labor Organization and Private Social Standards, Lessons From East African Cut Flower Industries.” World Development 37 (2): 326–340. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.03.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxton, Dvera. 2015. “Strawberry Fields as Extreme Environments: The Ecobiopolitics of Farmworker Health.” Medical Anthropology 34 (2): 166–183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, Mindi, and Philip McMichael. 2010. “Deepening, and Repairing, the Metabolic Rift.” Journal of Peasant Studies 37 (3): 461–484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scoones, Ian, Marc Edelman, Saturnino M. Borras, Ruth Hall, Wendy Wolford, and Ben White. 2018. “Emancipatory Rural Politics: Confronting Authoritarian Populism.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (1): 1–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selwyn, Benjamin. 2009. “Labour Flexibility in Export Horticulture: a Case Study of North East Brazilian Grape Production.” Journal of Peasant Studies 36 (4): 761–782.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selwyn, Benjamin. 2012. “Beyond Firm-Centrism: Re-Integrating Labour and Capitalism Into Global Commodity Chain Analysis’.” Journal of Economic Geography 12: 205–226.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siu, Kaxton, and Anita Chan. 2015. “Strike Wave in Vietnam, 2006–2011.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 45 (1): 71–91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoler, Ann Laura. 1986. “Plantation Politics and Protest on Sumatra's East Coast.” Journal of Peasant Studies 13 (2): 124–143.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoler, Ann L. 1995. Capitalism and Confrontation in Sumatra’s Plantation Belt, 1870–1979. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
   Google Scholar
• White, Ben. 2016. “Remembering the Indonesian Peasants’ Front and Plantation Workers’ Union (1945–1966).” Journal of Peasant Studies 43 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1080/03066150.2015.1101069.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, Ben. 2018. “Marx and Chayanov at the Margins: Understanding Agrarian Change in Java.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 1108–1126. doi:10.1080/03066150.2017.1419191.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhan, Shaohua, and Ben Scully. 2018. “From South Africa to China: Land, Migrant Labor and the Semi-Proletarian Thesis Revisited.” Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5-6): 1018–1038.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar