References
- This essay was written as part of a more general and ongoing study of maps in sixteenth century Bibles undertaken in collaboration with Catherine Delano Smith. An earlier version was presented in April 1992 as part of the lecture series Maps and Society at the Warburg Institute, University of London. I am grateful to the organizers and the audience for their lively discussion and encouragement.
- Schmidt , Philipp . 1935 . “ ‘Die Bibelillustration als Laien Exegese’ ” . In Festschrift Gustav Binz 228 – 239 . Basle
- Smith , Catherine Delano . 1987 . ‘Maps in Bibles in the Sixteenth Century’ . The Map Collector , 39 : 3 – 4 .
- Dürst , Arthur . 1991 . ‘Zur Wiederauffindung der Heiligland‐Karte von ca. 1515 von Lucas Cranach dem Älteren’ . Cartographica Helvetica , 3 : 22 – 27 .
- Smith , Catherine Delano and Ingram , Elizabeth M. 1991 . Maps in Bibles 1500–1600: an illustrated catalogue , Travaux d'Humanisme et Renaissance 256 25 – 26 . Geneva : Droz .
- For the growth of Genevan printing see
- Higman , Francis . 1982 . “ ‘Le levain de l'Évangile’ ” . In Le livre conquérant (Histoire de l'édition française , vol. 1 , 305 – 323 . Paris : Promodis .
- Chaix , Paul . 1954 . Recherches sur l'imprimerie à Genève de 1550 à 1564 Geneva
- The maps are reproduced in Maps in Bibles 1500–1600, and in
- Smith , Catherine Delano . 1990 . ‘Maps as Art and Science: Maps in Sixteenth Century Bibles’ . Imago Mundi , 42 : 65 – 83 .
- In all three Bibles the Paradise map plus a series of twenty‐four illustrations are printed from the same set of woodblocks. This set almost certainly corresponds to the twenty‐five ‘figures’ or woodblocks referred to in Geneva documents as being rented out by their owner Laurent de Normandie, a libraire and powerful figure in Geneva printing, to Bible printers in the early 1560s. For de Norman‐die's quarrel with Barbier and other printers over privileges to print illustrated Bibles, and for references to the documents, see Chaix, 145–155.
- For details, see Maps in Bibles 1500–1600.
- The original French is unaccented.
- The maps in Rashi's commentary and their relationship to the Postilla and to later maps are discussed in
- Smith , Catherine Delano and Gruber , Mayer I. 1992 . ‘Rashi's Legacy: maps of the Holy Land’ . The Map Collector , 59 : 30 – 35 .
- Postilla illustrations in manuscripts and early printed editions, see
- Rosenau , Helen . 1974 . ‘The Architecture of Nicolaus de Lyra's Temple Illustrations and the Jewish Tradition’ . Journal of Jewish Studies , 25 : 294 – 304 .
- 1585 . La Sainete Bible , Lyons : J. Pillehotte .
- Barbier is named in a variant imprint. See
- Adams , Herbert M. 1967 . Catalogue of Books Printedon the Continent of Europe, 1501–1600 in Cambridge Libraries , 1284 1285 Cambridge University Press .
- The second map illustrates Sennacherib's army advancing against Jerusalem and other cities (Isaiah 10:28–32). The main feature is a dense column of troops crossing the Jordan and threatening cities from which residents flee.
- Calvin , Jean . 1578 . A commentarie. .. upon Genesis Edited by: Tymme , Thomas . 64
- Calvin's solution was apparently not original with him; François Vat‐able, professor of Hebrew at the Sorbonne, had earlier made the same point about the river heads and had identified Gihon with the lower Euphrates (cited in
- Pearson , John , ed. 1696 . Critici Sacri sive annotata doctissimorum virorum in vetus ac novum testamentum Frankfurt
- [2nd ed.], vol. 1, under Gen. 2:10). Calvin's map is based partly on a Ptolemaic model, Geography, Tabula Asiae IIII, when‐ the two channels of the mouth and the westward meander of the combined rivers are well established (see especially the version in Münster's
- 1540 . Cosmographia Basle
- 1958 . Lectures on Genesis Chapters 1–5 (Luther's Works , vol. 1 , 87 – 91 . 97 – 101 . Louis edition .
- For these Lutheran illustrations, see
- Schramm , Albert . 1923 . Luther und die Bibel: Die Illustration der Lutherbibel Leipzig
- For details, see the listings in Maps in Bibles 1500–1600.
- Catherine Delano Smith kindly supplied this information.
- The possibility that Holbein drew the map is explored in my article ‘The Map in the Coverdale Bible: A map by Holbein?’ The Map Collector, forthcoming.
- Collinson , Patrick . 1986 . From Iconoclasm to Iconophobia: the Cultural Impact of the Second English Reformation , University of Reading .
- 1988 . The Birtkpangs of Protestant England: Religious and Cultural Change in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Macmillan Press
- Watt , Tessa . 1991 . “ Cambridge Studies in Early Modern British History ” . In Cheap Print and Popular Piety, 1550–1640 , Cambridge University Press .
- Nebenzahl , Kenneth Jr. 1986 . Maps of the Holy Lands: images of Terra Sancta through two millenia , 39 New York : Abbeville Press .
- This essay was written as part of a more general and ongoing study of maps in sixteenth century Bibles undertaken in collaboration with Catherine Delano Smith. An earlier version was presented in April 1992 as part of the lecture series Maps and Society at the Warburg Institute, University of London. I am grateful to the organizers and the audience for their lively discussion and encouragement.