References

  • Ali, C.A. & Mohamed, K.R., 2001. Geologi Permuliharaan dan Pelancongan Kawasan Terengganu Utara. In Warisan Geologi Malaysia-Pemetaan Geowarisan dan Pencirian Geotapak. Komoo, I., Tjia, H.D. & Leman, M.S., eds, Bangi, Institut Alam Sekitar dan Pembangunan (LESTARI), 303–309.
  • Blakey, R.C., 2008. Gondwana paleogeography from assembly to breakup-A 500 m.y. odyssey. In Resolving the Late Paleozoic Ice Age in Time and Space. Fielding, C.R., Frank, T.D. & Isbell, J.L., eds, Geological Society of America Special Papers 441, Boulder, CO, 1–28.
  • Brauckmann, C., 1974. Neue Trilobiten aus dem Kulm von Aprath bei Wuppertal (Unter-Karbon, Rheinisches Schiefer-Gebirge). Geologica et Palaeontologica 8, 113–117.
  • Brauckmann, C., 1978. Die Cyrtosymbolinae mit geblähten Wangen-Stacheln (Trilobita; Dinantium bis Namurium). Senckenbergiana lethaea 59, 137–203, pl. 2.
  • Brezinski, D.K., 2023. Biogeographic patterns in Late Paleozoic trilobites. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 609, 111319.
  • Chand, F., 1978. Geology and mineral resources of the Ulu Paka area, Terengganu. Geological Survey Malaysia District Memoir 16, 1–124.
  • Chen, Z.Q. & Shi, G.R., 2003. Early Carboniferous brachiopod faunas and their biogeographical affinities from the western Kunlun Mountains, North-west China. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 268, 103–187.
  • Chu, zL., Lin, H.L. & zhang, Z.H., 1979. Trilobites. In Palaeontological Atlas of Northwest China: Qinghai Fascicle. Volume 2. Corals, Bryozoa, Trilobites, Graptolithoidea, fossil plants. Yang, J.Z., Lu, L.H. & Zhou, G.D., eds, Geological Publishing House, Peking, 81–115. (Chinese with English abstract)
  • Cvancara, A.M., 1958. Invertebrate fossils from the lower Carboniferous of New South Wales. Journal of Palaeontology 32, 846–888.
  • Engel, B.A. & Morris, N., 1975. Linguaphillipsia (Trilobita) in the Carboniferous of eastern Australia. Senckenbergiana lethaea 56, 147–189.
  • Engel, B.A. & Morris, N., 1983. Phillipsia-Weberiphillipsia in the Early Carboniferous of eastern New South Wales. Alcheringa 7, 223–251.
  • Engel, B.A. & Morris, N., 1996. Trilobites from the Lower Carboniferous of Eastern Australia. Geologica et Palaeontologica 30, 119–145.
  • Etheridge, R. Jr, 1892. A monograph of the Carboniferous and Permo-Carboniferous Invertebrata of New South Wales. Part II. Echinodermata, Annelida, and Crustacea. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of New South Wales 5 (Palaeontology) 66–131.
  • Fielding, C.R., Frank, T.D. & Isbell, J.L., 2008. The late Paleozoic ice age – A review of current understanding and synthesis of global climate patterns. Geological Society of America Special Papers 441, 343–354.
  • Fontaine, H., Ibrahim, B.A. & Vachard, D., 2003. Carboniferous corals from the Kuantan area, Peninsular Malaysia, and associated microfauna: Peculiar faunas for Southwest Asia and puzzling fauna for stratigraphy. Minerals and Geological Department, Malaysia, Technical Papers 2, 69–99.
  • Fortey, R.A. & Owens, R.M., 1975. Proetida – A new order of trilobites. Fossils and Strata 4, 227–239.
  • Frech, F., 1917. Geologie Kleinasiens im Bereich der Bagdadbahn. Ergebnisse eigener Reisen und paläontologische-Untersuchungen. Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft 68, 1–325.
  • Galtier, J., Feist, R., Talent, J.A. & Meyer-Berthaud, B., 2007. New permineralized flora and trilobites from the mid Tournaisian (Early Carboniferous) Ruxton Formation, Clarke River Basin, north-east Australia. Palaeontology 50, 223–243.
  • Gandl, J., 1968. Stratigraphische Untersuchungen im Unterkarbon des Frankenwaldes unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Trilobiten, l: Die Trilobiten im Unterkarbon des Frankenwaldes. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 49, 39–117.
  • Hahn, G. & Amler, M.R.W., 1985. Revision der Unterkarbon-Trilobiten von Köningsberg b. Gieβen. Geologica et Palaeontologica 19, 71–79.
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1972. Trilobitae carbonici et permici III. Fossilium catalogus 1: Animalia. Pars 120, 332–531.
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1973a. Zur Evolution von Linguaphillipsia (Trilobita; Unter-Karbon). Senckenbergiana lethaea 53, 479–515.
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1973b. Viséan trilobites from Holwell, Somerset. Palaeontology 16, 551–561. pl. 3.
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1973c. Trilobiten aus dem Unter-Karbon (Dinantium) von Nötsch/Österreich. Geologica et Palaeontologica 7, 135–146. pl. 1.
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1975. Die Trilobiten des Ober-Devon, Karbon und Perm, I-VIII. In Leitfossilien 1. Krömmelbein, K., ed., Gebrtüder Borntraeger, Berlin & Sttugart, 127 pp.
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1982. Die Trilobiten des belgischen Kohlenkalkes (Unter-Karbon). 3. Linguaphillipsia. Geologica et Palaeontologica 15, 115–124. pl. 1.
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1987. Trilobiten aus dem Karbon von Nötsch und aus den Karnischen Alpen Österreichs. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 129, 567–619. pls. 1–5. (issued for 1986)
  • Hahn, G. & Hahn, R., 1988. The biostratigraphical distribution of Carboniferous limestone trilobites in Belgium and adjacent areas. Bulletin de la Société belge de Géologie 97, 77–93.
  • Hahn, G., Hahn, R. & Maass, R., 1981. Trilobiten aus dem Unter-Karbon der S-Vogesen. Oberrbeinische Geologisehe Abhandlungen 30, 1–26. pls. 1–2.
  • Hahn, G., Hahn, R. & Brauckmann, C., 1987. Die Trilobiten des belgischen Kohlenkalkes (Unter-Karbon). 9. Piltonia und Nachträge, Geologica et Palaeontologica 21, 137–167. pls. 1–3.
  • Hahn, G., Hahn, R. & Rabano, I., 1996. Lower Carboniferous trilobites from Western Spain. Geologica et Palaeontologica 30, 195–223.
  • Hahn, G., Müller, P. & Aghababalou, B., 2013. Tournaisian trilobites from the Mobarak Formation, North Iran. Clausthaler Geowissenschaften 9, 65–72.
  • Hawle, I. & Corda, J.C., 1847. Prodrom einer Monographie der böhmischen Trilobiten. J.G. Calvesche Buchhandlung, Prague, 176 pp.
  • Hoffet, J.H., 1931. Sur la présence de Phillipsia truncutula Phil. var. Mansuyi nov. var. dans le Carbonifère inférieur de l’Indochine. Bulletin de la Societe géologique de France 1, 655–657, pl. 35.
  • Hussain, Z., Zakaria, M.R. & Leman, M.S., 2008. Geoheritage of Malaysia. In Geoheritage of East and Southeast Asia. Leman, M.S., Reedman, A. & Chen, S.P., eds, LESTARI, UKM/CCOP, Bangi, 149–184.
  • Hupé, P., 1953. Classification des trilobites. Annales de Paléontologie 39, 61–168.
  • Idris, M.B. & Zaki, S.M., 1986. A Carboniferous shallow marine fauna from Bukit Bucu, Batu Rakit, Terengganu. Warta Geologi 12, 215–219.
  • Igo, H. & Koike, T., 1968. Carboniferous conodonts from Kuantan, Malaya. Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 12, 26–30.
  • Jarosz, J., 1913. Fauna wapienia węglowego w okręgu krakowskim. Trylobity. Część II. Rozprawy Wydziału Matematyczno-Przyrodniczego Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, Series B LII, 51–87.
  • Jones, P.J., Metcalfe, I., Engel, B.A., Playford, G., Rigby, J., Roberts, J., Turner, S. & Webb, G.E., 2000. Carboniferous palaeobiogeography of Australasia. In Palaeobiogeography of Australasian faunas and floras. Wright, A.J., Young, G.C., Talent, J.A. & Laurie, J.R., eds, Association of Australasian Palaeontologists Memoir 23, Sydney, Australia, 259–286.
  • Kobayashi, T. & Hamada, T., 1973. Cyrtosymbolids (Trilobita) from the Langgun Red Beds in Northwest Malaya, Malaysia. Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 12, 1–28. pls. 1–2.
  • Kobayashi, T. & Hamada, T., 1979. Permo-Carboniferous trilobites from Thailand and Malaysia. Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 20, 1–21. pls. 1–3.
  • Kobayashi, T. & Hamada, T., 1980. Carboniferous trilobites of Japan in comparison with Asian, Pacific and other faunas. Palaeontological Society of Japan Special Paper 23, 1–132. pls. 1–22.
  • Koizumi, H., 1972. New genera of trilobite family Phillipsiidae from the Takakura-yama Group (Permian), Abukuma Massif in Japan. Chikyu Kagaku 26, 19–25. Japanese with English abstract)
  • Lerosey-Aubril, R. & Feist, R., 2012. Quantitative approach to diversity and decline in late Palaeozoic trilobites. In Earth and Life. Talent, J.A., ed., Springer, London, 535–555.
  • Leyh, C.F., 1897. Beiträge zur Kenntiss des Paläozoikum der Umgebung von Hof an der Saale. Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 49, 504–560.
  • Li, Z.X. & Powell, C.M.A., 2001. An outline of the palaeogeographic evolution of the Australasian region since the beginning of the Neoproterozoic. Earth-Science Reviews 53, 237–277.
  • MacDonald, S., 1968. The geology and mineral resources of north Kelantan and north Terengganu. Geological Survey Department West Malaysia District Memoir 10, 1–202.
  • Mansuy, H., 1913. Nouvelle contribution à la paléontologie de l‘Indochine. Mémoires du Service géologique de l'Indochine 2, 1–39. 5 pls.
  • M'Coy, F., 1844. A synopsis of the characters of the Carboniferous Limestone fossils of Ireland. The University Press, Dublin, 207 pp.
  • Metcalfe, I., 1980. Upper Carboniferous conodont faunas of the Panching Limestone, Pahang, West Malaysia. Palaeontology 23, 297–314.
  • Metcalfe, I., Idris, M. & Tan, J.T., 1980. Stratigraphy and palaeontology of the Carboniferous sediments in the Panching area, Pahang, West Malaysia. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 13, 1–26.
  • Mitchell, J., 1918. The Carboniferous trilobites of Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society, New South Wales 43, 437–494.
  • Muir-Wood, H.M., 1948. Malayan Lower Carboniferous Fossils and Their Bearing on the Viséan Palaeogeography of Asia. British Museum (Natural History), London, 118 pp.
  • Nance, R.D. & Linnemann, U., 2008. The Rheic Ocean: Origin, Evolution, and Significance. GSA Today 18, 4–12.
  • Oehlert, D.P., 1886. Étude sur quelques trilobites du groupe de Proetidae. Bulletine de la Société d'études scientifiques d'Angers 15, 121–143.
  • Okubo, M., 1951. On the Hikoroichi Series and the unconformity of pre-Hikoroichi. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 57, 195–209. pl. 1.
  • Osmólska, H., 1970. Revision of non-cyrtosymbolinid trilobites from the Tournaisian–Namurian of Eurasia. Palaeontologia Polonica 23, 1–165. 22 pls.
  • Owens, R.M., 1983. A review of Permian trilobite genera. Special Papers in Palaeontology 30, 15–41. pls. 1–5.
  • Owens, R.M., 1990. Carboniferous trilobites: The beginning of the end. Geology Today 6, 96–100.
  • Owens, R.M., 2000. The Carboniferous trilobites from Ireland described by Phillips, Portlock, M’Coy and Woodward. Irish Journal of Earth Sciences 18, 1–32.
  • Owens, R.M. & Hahn, G., 1993. Biogeography of Carboniferous and Permian trilobites. Geologica et Palaeontologica 27, 165–180.
  • Owens, R.M. & Tilsley, J.W., 1995. An atheloptic trilobite assemblage from the Carboniferous of North Devon. Geological Magazine 132, 713–728.
  • Ozawa, T., 1975. Late Visean Eostaffella (Fusulininan Foraminifera) from West Malaysia. Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 15, 117–128.
  • Parkinson, H., 1903. Über eine neue Culmfauna von Königsberg unweit Gießen und ihre Bedeutung für die Gliederung des rheinischen Culm. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 55, 331–374.
  • Patte, E., 1922. Études de quelques fossiles paléozoïques et mésozoïques recueillis en Indochine et au Yunnan. Mémoires du Service géologique de l'Indochine 9, 1–1–17. pls. 1–3.
  • Portlock, J.E., 1843. Report on the Geology of the County of Londonderry, and Parts of Tyrone and Fermanagh. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, Dublin and London, 784. pp.
  • Reed, J.R.C., 1920. Carboniferous fossils from Siam. Geological Magazine 57, 172–178. pl. 2.
  • Reed, F.R.C., 1942. Some new Carboniferous Trilobites. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History. II 9, 649–672.
  • Richter, R., 1913. Beiträge zur Kenntnis devonischer Trilobiten. II. Ober-devonische Proetiden. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 31, 341–424, pls 22–23.
  • Riley, N.J., 1984. Linguaphillipsia cumbriensis sp. nov., from the Chonetes Shale (Fifth Shale) of Cumbria (Trilobita, Dinantian). Report of the British Geological Survey 16, 6–9.
  • Scupin, H., 1900. Die Trilobiten des niederschlesischen Untercarbon. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 52, 1–20.
  • Sone, M., Metcalfe, I. & Chaodumrong, P., 2012. The Chanthaburi terrane of Southeastern Thailand: Stratigraphic confirmation as a disrupted segment of the Sukhothai Arc. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 61, 16–32.
  • Stubblefield, C.J., 1948. Carboniferous trilobites from Malaya. In Malayan Lower Carboniferous fossils and their bearing on the Viséan palaeogeography of Asia. Muir-Wood, H.M., ed., British Museum (Natural History), London, 97–102,. pls.13–14.
  • Sugiyama, T. & Okano, H., 1944. On Japanese Trilobites. Tokyo Bunrika-Daigaku Geological and Mineralogical Institute, Research Bulletin 1, 21–30.
  • Tang, H.Y., Mychko, E.V., Feldmann, R.M., Schweitzer, C.E., Shaari, H. & Sone, M., 2021. Malayacyclus gen. nov., the first Southeast Asian Cyclida (Crustacea) from the Early Carboniferous of Terengganu, Malaysia. Geological Journal 56, 6022–6030.
  • Tang, H.Y., Mychko, E.V., Feldmann, R.M., Schweitzer, C.E., Shaari, H. & Sone, M., 2023. Validation of Malayacyclus Tang, Mychko, Feldmann, Schweitzer, Shaari & Sone, a cyclidan crustacean from the Early Carboniferous of Terengganu, Malaysia. Zootaxa 5318, 439–440.
  • Tang, H.Y., 2022. Systematic palaeontology of marine Carboniferous fossils from Bukit Buchu, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. MSc thesis, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 147 pp. (unpublished)
  • Tazawa, J., 2018. Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) brachiopods from the Hikoroichi Formation, South Kitakami Belt, Japan. Memoir of the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum 17, 27–87.
  • Tilsley, J.W., 1988. A new species of the Carboniferous trilobite Linguaphillipsia from Cumbria, England. Mercian Geologist 11, 155–160.
  • Vanderlaan, T.A. & Ebach, M.C., 2015. A review of the Carboniferous and Permian trilobites of Australia. Zootaxa 3926, 1–56.
  • Walch, J.E.I., 1771. Die Naturgeschichte der Versteinerungen, zur Erläuterung der Knorrischen Sammlung von Merkwurdigkeiten der Natur. Vol 4, Part 3, Felßecker, J.P., Nürnberg, 303 pp.
  • Weber, V.N., 1937. Trilobites of the Carboniferous and Permian System of U.S.S.R. I, Carboniferous trilobites. Palaeontology of U.S.S.R. Monographs 71, 159 pp., 11 pls.
  • Whittington, H.B., Chatterton, B.D.E., Speyer, S.E., Fortey, R.A., Owens, R.M., Chang, W.T., Dean, W.T., Jell, P.A., Laurie, J.R., Palmer, A.R., Repina, L.N., Rushton, A.W.A., Shergold, J.H., Clarkson, E.N.K., Wilmot, N.V., Chang, W.T. & Kelly, S.R.A., 1997. Treatise on Invertebrate Palaeontology, Part O, Revised. Trilobita (Introduction, Order Agnostida, Order Redlichiida). Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Boulder and Lawrence, 554 pp.
  • Woodward, H., 1884. A monograph of the British Carboniferous trilobites, Part II. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society 38, 39–86. pls. 7–10.
  • Yanagida, J. & Sakagami, S., 1971. Lower Carboniferous brachiopods from Sungei Lembing district, NW of Kuantan, Malaysia (Appendix: A brief note on the bryozoans in association with brachiopods by S. Sakagami). Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyūsyū University. Series D, Geology 21, 75–91. pls. 11–13.
  • Yuan, J.L. & Li, Y., 2008. Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. In Trilobite Record of China. Zhou Z.Y., & Zhen Y.Y., eds, Science Press, Beijing, 285–300.
  • Yuan, J.L. & Li, Y.X., 1995. Lowest Carboniferous trilobites from Jiguanshan (The Comb Hill) southeastern Guilin, Guangxi, South China. Bulletin of National Museum of Natural Science 6, 1–53. pls. 1–5.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.