Biocontrol of onion white rot by application of Trichoderma species formulated on wheat bran powder

References

• Abd-El-Motty TH, Shatla MN. 1981. Biological control of white rot disease of onion (Sclerotium cepivorum) by Trichoderma harzianum. Phytopathologische Zeitschrift. 100:29–35.10.1111/j.1439-0434.1981.tb03287.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abd El-Razik AA, El-Shabrawy AM, Amin AM, Abd-El-Rahim MHA. 1988. Effectiveness of certain fungi and bacteria associated with sclerotia of Sclerotium cepivorum in Upper Egypt soil in controlling white rot of onion. Egyptian J Phytopathol. 7:107–114.
   Google Scholar
• Abd El-Razik AA, Shatla MN, Rushdi M. 1973. Studies on the infection of onion plants by Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. J Phytopathol Z. 76:108–116.10.1111/j.1439-0434.1973.tb02649.x
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 2015. Bulletin of the agricultural statistics. Ministry of Agric and Land Reclamation 159 p.
   Google Scholar
• Bashan Y, Okon Y, Henis Y. 1985. Peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenols in relation to resistance against 214 Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in tomato plants. Can J Bot. 65:366–372.
   Google Scholar
• Bell DK, Wells HD, Markham CR. 1982. In vitro antagonism of Trichoderma species against six fungal plant pathogens. Phytopathology. 72:382–379.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benítez T, Rincón AM, Limón MC, Codón AC. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int Microbiol. 7:249–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blaszczyk L, Siwulski M, Sobieralski K, Lisiecka J, Jędryczka M. 2014. Trichoderma spp. – application and prospects for use in organic farming and industry. J Plant Prot Res. 54:309–317.
   Google Scholar
• Brix HD, Zinkernagel V. 1992. Effects of cultivation, conditioning and isolate on sclerotium germination in Sclerotium cepivorum. Plant Pathol. 41:13–19.10.1111/ppa.1992.41.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarkson JP, Mead A, Payne T, Whipps JM. 2004. Effect of environmental factors and Sclerotium cepivorum isolate on sclerotial degradation and biological control of white rot by Trichoderma. Plant Pathol. 53:353–362.10.1111/ppa.2004.53.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coley-Smith JR, Coley-Smith D, Parfitt IM, Taylor R, Reese A. 1987. Studies of dormancy in sclerotia of Sclerotium cepivorum. Plant Pathol. 36:594–599.10.1111/ppa.1987.36.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook RJ, Baker KF. 1988. The nature and practice of biological control of plant pathogens. St. Paul (MN): American Phytopathological Society; p. 539.
   Google Scholar
• De Oliveira VL, De M, Bellei M, Borges AC. 1984. Control of white rot of garlic by antagonistic fungi under controlled environmental conditions. Can J Microbiol. 30:884–889.10.1139/m84-138
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Kazzaz MK, Ghoniem KE, Hammond Sahar MR. 2002. In vitro effects of some bacterial and fungal antagonists on certain soilborne fungi isolated from diseased tomato and pepper plants. J Agric Res Tanta Univ. 28:9–22.
   Google Scholar
• El-khateeb NMM. 2004. Pathological studies on Sclerotium cepivorum the causal agent of onion white rot and its control by biological agents [ MSc Dissertation]. Tanta: Faculty of Agric Kafr E1-Sheikh Tanta Univ Egypt.
   Google Scholar
• El-Sheshtawi M, El-Gazzar T, Saad AS. 2009. Comparative study between chemical and non-chemical control against Sclerotium cepivorum, the causal white rot of onion under Egyptian condition. J Agri Sci Mansoura University. 34:2169–2182.
   Google Scholar
• Entwistle AR. 1990. Allium white rot and its control. Soil Use Manage. 6:201–208.10.1111/sum.1990.6.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francisco DH, Angelica MP, Gabriel M, Melchor CS, Raul R, Cristobal N, Francisco CR. 2011. In vitro antagonist action of Trichoderma strains against Sclerotium sclerotiorum and Sclerotium cepivorum. Am J Agri Biol Science. 6:410–417.
   Google Scholar
• Fullerton R, Stewart A. 1991. Chemical control of onion white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk) in the Pukekohe district of New Zealand. New Zeal J Crop Hort. 19:121–127.10.1080/01140671.1991.10421789
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fullerton RA, Stewart A, Slade EA. 1995. Use of demethylation inhibiting fungicides (DMIs) for the control of onion white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk.) in New Zealand. New Zeal J Crop Hort. 23:121–125.10.1080/01140671.1995.9513878
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gajera H, Domadiya R, Patel S, Kapopara M, Golakiya B. 2013. Molecular mechanism of Trichoderma as bio-control agents against phytopathogen system – a review. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 1:133–142.
   Google Scholar
• Gams W, Bissett J. 1998. Morphology and identification of Trichoderma. In: Harman GE, Kubicek CP, editors. Trichoderma and Gliocladium: basic biology, taxonomy and genetics, 1. London: Taylor & Francis; p. 3–34.
   Google Scholar
• Gilman JC. 1957. A manual of soil fungi. 2nd ed. Ames: The Iowa State College Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gomez KA, Gomez AA. 1984. Statistical procedures for agriculture research. 2nd ed. New York (NY): Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Hammerschmidt R, Lamport DTA, Muldoon EP. 1984. Cell wall hydroxyproline enhancement and lignin deposition as an early event in the resistance of cucumber to Cladosporium cucumerinum. Physiol Plant Pathol. 24:43–47.10.1016/0048-4059(84)90072-9
   Google Scholar
• Harman GE, Howell CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, Lorito M. 2004. Trichoderma species-opportunistic, virulent plant symbionts. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2:43–56.10.1038/nrmicro797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison YA, Stewart A. 1988. Selection of fungal antagonists for biological control of onion white rot in New Zealand. New Zeal J Exp Agr. 16:249–256.10.1080/03015521.1988.10425647
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hexon C, Macias-Rodriguez L, Cortes-Penagos C, López-Bucio J. 2009. Trichoderma virens, a plant beneficial fungus, enhances biomass production and promotes lateral root growth through an auxin-dependent mechanism in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 149:1579–1592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakvan N, Heydari A, Zamanizadeh HR, Rezaee S, Naraghi L. 2013. Development of new bioformulations using Trichoderma and Talaromyces fungal antagonists for biological control of sugar beet damping-off disease. Crop Prot. 53:80–84.10.1016/j.cropro.2013.06.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kay SJ, Stewart A. 1994. Evaluation of fungal antagonists for control of onion white rot in soil box trials. Plant Pathol. 43:371–377.10.1111/ppa.1994.43.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee TT. 1973. On extraction and quantitation of plant peroxidase isoenzymes. Physiologia Plantarum. 29:198–203.10.1111/ppl.1973.29.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahdizadehnaraghi R, Heydari A, Zamanizadeh HR, Rezaee S, Nikan J. 2015. Biological control of garlic (Allium) white rot disease using antagonistic fungi-based bioformulations. J Plant Prot Res. 55:136–141.
   Google Scholar
• McLean KL, Stewart A. 2000. Application strategies for control of onion white rot by fungal antagonists. New Zeal J Crop Hort. 28:115–122.10.1080/01140671.2000.9514131
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melero-Vara JM, Prados-Ligero AM, Basallote-Ureba MJ. 2000. Comparison of physical, chemical and biological methods of controlling garlic white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk.). Eur J Plant Pathol. 106:581–588.10.1023/A:1008777706814
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metcalf DA, Dennis JJC, Wilson CR. 2004. Effect of inoculum density of Sclerotium cepivorum on the ability of Trichoderma koningii to suppress white rot of onion. Plant Dis. 88:287–291.10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.3.287
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monreal J, Reese ET. 1969. The chitinase of Serratia marcescens. Can J Microbiol. 15:689–696.10.1139/m69-122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peyghami E. 2001. Antagonistic effects of several isolates of Trichoderma on fungi causing onion root rot, East Azarbaidjan Province. Iran J Agric Sci. 32:747–755.
   Google Scholar
• Rifai MA. 1969. A revision of the genus Trichoderma. Mycological papers no. 116. Surrey: Commonwealth Mycological Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Sallam N, Abd-Elrazik AA, Hassan M, Koch E. 2009. Powder formulations of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma spp and Coniothyrium minitans for biocontrol of onion white rot. Arch Phytopathol PFL. 42:142–147.10.1080/03235400600982675
   Google Scholar
• Samuels GJ, Ismaiel A, Mulaw TB, Szakacs G, Druzhinina IS, Kubicek CP, Jaklitsch WM. 2012. The Longibrachiatum Clade of Trichoderma: a revision with new species. Fungal Divers. 55:77–108.10.1007/s13225-012-0152-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz HF, Krisna Mohan S. 1995. Compendium of onion and garlic disease. St Paul (MN): American Phytopathological Society (APS).
   Google Scholar
• Shalaby ME, Ghoniem KE, El-Diehi MA. 2013. Biological and fungicidal antagonism of Sclerotium cepivorum for controlling onion white rot disease. Ann Microbiol. 63:1579–1589.10.1007/s13213-013-0621-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma R, Joshi A, Dhaker RC. 2012. A brief review on mechanism of Trichoderma fungus use as biological control agents. Int J Inn Bio-Sciences. 2:200–210.
   Google Scholar
• Watanabe T. 1994. Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi. Morphologies of cultured fungi and key to species. Boca Raton (FL): Lewis.
   Google Scholar
• Zewide T, Fininsa C, Sakhuja PK. 2007. Management of white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum) of garlic using fungicides in Ethiopia. Crop Protect. 26:856–866.10.1016/j.cropro.2006.08.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar