In vitro toxicity of selected fungicides from the groups of benzimidazoles and demethylation inhibitors to Cladobotryum dendroides and Agaricus bisporus

References

• Van Zaayen , A. and Van Andrichem , J. C. J. 1982 . Prochloraz for control of fungal pathogens of cultivated mushrooms . Netherland Journal of Plant Pathology , 88 : 203 – 213 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay , G. J. , Egan , D. , Morris , E. , Scott , C. and Brown , A. E. 1999 . Genetic and morphological characterization of Cladobotryumspecies causing cobweb disease of mushrooms . Applied and Environmental Microbiology , 65 ( 2 ) : 606 – 610 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay , G. L. , Egan , D. , Morris , E. and Brown , A. E. 1998 . Identification of benzimidazole resistance in Cladobotryum dendroides using a PCR-based method . Mycological Research , 102 ( 6 ) : 671 – 676 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potočnik , I. , Milijašević , S. , Rekanović , E. , Todorović , B. and Stepanović , M. 2007 . Sensitivity of Cladobotryum spp., a pathogen of the button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach), to some fungicides . Pesticides and Phytomedicine , 22 ( 3 ) : 233 – 240 .
   Google Scholar
• Wuest , P. and Cole , H. 1970 . Effect of three fungicides on vegetative growth of Verticillium malthousei Agaricus bisporus isolates . Phytopathology , 60 : 1320
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaze , R. H. 1995 . The problem page: Dactylium or Cobweb . The Mushroom Journal , 564 : 23 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Delp , C. J. 1987 . “ Benzimidazole and releted fungicides ” . In Modern selective fungicides: properties, applications, mechanisms of action , Edited by: Lyr , H. 233 – 244 . New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , C. M. 1988 . “ History of benzimidazole use ” . In Fungicide Resistance in Northern America , Edited by: Delp , C. J. 23 – 24 . St. Paul, MN : The American Phytopathological Society .
   Google Scholar
• Doyle , O. and Morris , E. 1993 . Mushroom research . Research News , August
   Google Scholar
• Grogan , H. M. and Gaze , R. H. 2000 . Fungicide resistance among Cladobotryum spp.—causal agents of cobweb disease of the edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus . Mycological Research , 104 ( 3 ) : 357 – 364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchenauer , H. 1987 . “ Mechanism of action of triazolyl fungicides and related compounds ” . In Modern selective fungicides: properties, applications, mechanisms of action , Edited by: Lyr , H. 205 – 232 . New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Nene , Y. L. and Thapliyal , P. N. 1993 . Fungicides in plant disease control, , third ed. , 342 – 344 . New York : International Science Publisher .
   Google Scholar
• Gisi , U. and Hermann , D. 1994 . “ Sensitivity behaviour of Septoria tritici populations on wheat to cyproconazole ” . In Fungicide resistance , Edited by: Heaney , S. 11 – 19 . British Crop Protecion Council . BCPC Monograph No 60
   Google Scholar
• Gea , F. J. , Tello , J. C. and Honrubia , M. 1996 . In vitro sensitivity of Verticillium fungicola to selected fungicides . Mycopathologia , 136 : 133 – 137 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grogan , H. M. 2006 . Fungicide control of mushroom cobweb disease caused by Cladobotryum strains with different benzimidazole resistance profiles . Pest Management Science , 62 ( 2 ) : 153 – 161 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrysayi-Tokousbalides , M. , Kastanias , M. A. , Philippoussis , A. and Diamantopoulou , P. 2006 . Selective fungitoxicity of famaxadone, tebuconazole and trifoxystrobin between Verticillium fungicola and Agaricus bisporus . Crop Protection , 26 : 469 – 475 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitehead , R. 2002 . The e-UK Pesticide Guide , Wallingford, UK : British Crop Protection Council, CABI Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Stoddart , H. , Garthwaite , D. G. and Thomas , M. R. 2004 . Pesticide Usage Survey Report 197: Mushroom Crops in Great Britain 2003 , London : Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and Scottish Executive Environmnent and Rural Affairs Department, Defra Publications .
   Google Scholar
• 2005 . Index Phytosanitaire Acta, , 41st ed. , Paris : Association De Coordination Technique Agricole .
   Google Scholar
• Collopy , P. D. , Largeteau-Mamoun , M. L. , Romaine , C. P. and Royse , D. J. 2001 . Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Verticillium fungicola and related species causing dry bubble disease of the cultivated button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus . Phytopathology , 91 ( 9 ) : 905 – 912 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finney , D. J. 1971 . Probit analysis, , 3rd edition , 1 – 383 . Cambridge, UK : University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ishii , H. 1995 . “ Monitoring of fungicide resistance in fungi: biological to biochemical approaches ” . In Molecular methods in Plant pathology , Edited by: Singh , S. U. and Singh , P. R. 483 – 495 . Boca Ratton : Lewis Publisher .
   Google Scholar
• Bhatt , N. and Singh , R. P. 1992 . Cobweb disease of Agariucus bisporus: incidence, losses and effective management . Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology , 22 ( 2 ) : 178 – 181 .
   Google Scholar
• Rogerson , C. T. and Samuels , G. J. 1993 . Polyporicolous species of Hypomyces . Mycologia , 85 ( 2 ) : 231 – 272 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer , D. M. and Kremser , J. J. 2001 . Possible development of fungicide resistance by cobweb disseases on mushrooms . Phytopathology , 91 ( 6 ) : 58
   Google Scholar
• Koenraadt , H. , Sommerville , S. C. and Jones , A. L. 1992 . Characterization of mutations in the β -tubulin gene of benomyl resistant field strains of Venturia inaequalis and other plant pathogenic fungi . Phytopathology , 82 : 1348 – 1354 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarden , O. and Katan , T. 1993 . Mutations leading to substitutions at amino acids 198 and 200 of β -tubulin that correlate with benomyl-resistance phenotypes of field strains of Botrytis cinerea . Phytopathology , 83 : 1478 – 1483 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaten , C. E. 1996 . The mutable and treacherous tribe revisited . Plant Pathology , 45 : 1 – 12 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnen , A. M. and Hopkins , C. 1997 . Fungicide resistance and population variation in Verticillium fungicola, a patogen of the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus . Mycological Research , 101 ( 1 ) : 89 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassall , K. A. 1990 . The Biochemistry and Uses of Pesticides, , 2nd ed. , New York : VCH Weinheim .
   Google Scholar
• Chalaux , N. , Savoie , J. M. and Olivier , J. M. 1993 . Growth inhibition of Agaricus bisporus and associated thermophilic species by fungicides used in wheat cultivation . Agronomie , 13 : 407 – 412 .
   Google Scholar