Cross-Linked Poly(acrylic acid) Microgels from Precipitation Polymerization

REFERENCES

• Wang , J. ; Cormack , P.A.G. ; Sherrington , D.C. ; Khoshdel , E. Monodisperse, molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres prepared by precipitation polymerization for affinity separation applications . Angew. Chem. 2003 , 115 , 5494 – 5496 .
   Google Scholar
• Tamburic , S. ; Carig , D.Q.M. An investigation into the rheological, dielectric and mucoadhesive properties of poly(acrylic acid) gel systems . J. Control. Rel. 1995 , 37 , 59 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonacucina , G. ; Martelli , S. ; Palmieri , G.F. Rheological, mucoadhesive and release properties of carbopol gels in hydrophilic cosolvents . Inter. J. Pharmaceut. 2004 , 282 , 115 – 130 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue , T. ; Chen , G. ; Nakamae , K. ; Hoffman , A.S. A hydrophobically-modified bioahesive polyelectrolyte hydrogel for drug delivery . J. Control. Rel. 1977 , 49 , 167 – 176 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonacucina , G. ; Cespi , M. ; Misici-Falzi , M. ; Palmieri , G.F. Rheological evaluation of silicon/carbopol hydrophilic gel systems as a vehicle for delivery of water insoluble drugs . AAPS J. 2008 , 10 , 84 – 91 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong-Ru , L. ; Sung , K.C. Carbopol/pluronic phase change solution for ophthalmic drug delivery . J. Control. Rel. 2000 , 69 , 379 – 388 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capra , R.H. ; Baruzzi , A.M. ; Quinzani , L.M. ; Strumia , M.C. Rheological, dielectric and diffusion analysis of mucin/carbopol matrices used in amperometric biosensors . Sensors Actuat. B 2007 , 124 , 466 – 476 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry , B.W. ; Meyer , M.C. The rheological properties of carbopol gels II. Oscilatory properties of carbopol gels . Inter. J. Pharmaceut. 1979 , 2 , 27 – 40 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouhendi , H. ; Haddadi-Asl , V. ; Rafizadeh , M. Effect of non-solvent type and purification process on precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in organic media . Iran. Polym. J. 2009 , 18 , 777 – 787 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi , H. ; Yamada , Y. ; Kataoka , Sh. ; Morita , Y. ; Ohtsuka , Y. Hydrogel microspheres II. Precipitation copolymerization of acrylamide with comonomer to prepare monodisperse hydrogel microspheres . Polym. J. 1991 , 23 , 955 – 962 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunyakan , C. ; Hunkeler , D. Precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in toluene. I: Synthesis, characterization and kinetic . Polymer 1999 , 40 , 6213 – 6224 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ni , H. ; Kawaghchi , H. Mechanism of preparing monodisperse poly(acrylamide/methacrylic acide) microspheres in ethanol. I . J. Polym, Sci. Pt. A: Polym. Chem. 2004 , 42 , 2833 – 2844 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai , Zh. ; Yang , X. ; Huang , W. Preparation of narrow-disperse or monodisperse poly([poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate]-co-(acrylic acid)) microspheres with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker by distillation precipitation polymerization . Polym. Inter. 2007 , 56 , 224 – 230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas , J.B. ; Tingsanchali , J.H. ; Rosales , A.M. ; Creecy , C.M. ; McGinity , J.W. ; Peppas , N.A. Dynamics of poly(ethylene glycol)-tethered, pH responsive networks. Polymer 2007, 48, 5042–5048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas , J.B. ; Creecy , C.M. ; McGinity , J.W. ; Peppas , N.A. Synthesis and properties of lightly cross-linked poly((meth)acrylic acid) microparticles prepared by free radical precipitation polymerization . Polym. Bull. 2006 , 57 , 11 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , T. ; Garner , P. ; Desimone , J.M. ; Roberts , G.W. ; Bothun , G.D. Particle formation in precipitation polymerization: Continuous precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide . Macromolecular 2006 , 39 , 6489 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu , Q. ; Han , B. ; Yan , H. Effect of cosolvents on the precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide . Polymer 2001 , 42 , 1369 – 1373 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao , L. ; Chen , L. ; Lai , W. Precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide and acrylic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide . J. Polym. Sci. Pt. A Polym. Chem. 2007 , 45 , 955 – 962 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , K.S. ; Cho , S.H. ; Kim , Y.J. Preparation of core-corone type microgels of poly acrylamide . Polym. J. 1993 , 25 , 847 – 851 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , T. ; Desimone , J.M. ; Roberts , G.W. Cross-linking polymerization of acrylic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide . Polymer 2006 , 47 , 4276 – 4281 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , J.Y. ; Song , J.Y. ; Lee , E.J. ; Park , S.K. Rheological properties and microstructures of carbopol gel network system . Coll. Polym. Sci. 2003 , 281 , 614 – 623 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agarwal , Y.K. ; Kaushik , S.D. ; Kumar , P.C. Synthesis and rheological studies of methacrylic acid-ethyl acrylate–allyl methacrylate terpolymers . J. Macromol. Sci. Pt. A: Pure Appl. Chem. 2007 , 44 , 877 – 880 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nae , H.N. ; Reichert , W.W. Rheological properties of lightly cross-linked carboxy copolymers in aqueous solution . Rheol. Acta 1992 , 31 , 351 – 360 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barreiro-Iglesias , R. ; Alvarez-Lorenzo , C. ; Concheiro , A. Incorporation of small quantities of surfactants as a way to improve the rheological and diffusional behavior of carbopol gels . J. Control. Rel. 2001 , 77 , 59 – 75 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceulemans , J. ; Ludwig , A. Optimisation of carbomer viscous eye drops: An in vitro experimental design approach using rheological techniques . Euro. J. Pharmaceut. Biopharmaceut. 2002 , 54 , 41 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barreiro-Iglesias , R. ; Alvarez-Lorenzo , C. ; Concheiro , A. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for the analysis of neutralizer-carbomer and surfactant-carbomer interactions in aqueous, hydroalcoholic, and anhydrous gel formulations . J. Therm. Anal. Calor. 2002 , 68 , 479 – 488 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam , M.T. ; Hornedo , N.R. ; Ciotti , S. ; Ackermann , Ch. Thermal and FTIR characterization of films obtained from carbopol/surfactant aqueous solutions . AAPS J. 2004 , 6 , 1 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krumova , M. ; López , D. ; Benavente , R. ; Mijangos , C. ; Peren , J.M. Effect of cross-linking on the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) . Polymer 2000 , 41 , 9265 – 9272 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayo-Pedrosa , M. ; Alvarez-Lorenzo , C. ; Concheiro , A. Thermorheological and glass transition properties of PNIPA/PVP and PNIPA/Carbopol blends . J. Therm. Anal. Calor. 2004 , 77 , 681 – 693 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abd el-Rehim , H.A. ; Hegazy , E.A. ; Diaa , D.A. Characterization of super-absorbent material based on carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt prepared by electron beam irradiation . J. Macromol. Sci. Pt. A: Pure Appl. Chem. 2006 , 43 , 101 – 113 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabiri , K. ; Zohurian-Mehr , M.J. Prouse superabsorbent hydrogel composites: Synthesis, morphology and swelling rate . Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2004 , 289 , 653 – 661 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zohuriaan-Mehr , M.J. ; Motazedi , Z. ; Kabiri , K. ; Ershad-Langerodi , A. New super-absorbing hydrogel hybrids from gum arabic and acrylic monomers . J. Macromol. Sci. Pt. A: Pure Appl. Chem. 2005 , 42 , 1655 – 1666 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poyrjavadi , A. ; Kyrdtabar , M. Collogen-based highly porous hydrogel without any porogen: Synthesis and characteristics . Euro. Polym. J. 2007 , 43 , 877 – 889 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , X. ; Xu , Sh. ; Wang , J. ; Chen , X. ; Feng , Sh. Structure and characterization of amphoteric semi-IPN hydrogel based on cationic starch . Carbohydr. Polym. 2009 , 75 , 688 – 693 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu , J. ; Wu , Y. ; Wang , Ch. ; Wang , Y. Dispersion polymerization of acrylamide with 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonate in aqueous solution of sodium sulfate . J. Polym. Res. 2009 , 16 , 569 – 575 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taberner , T.S. ; Villodre , A.M. ; Pla-Delfina , J.M. ; Herráez , J.V. Consistency of Carbopol 971-P NF gels and influence of soluble and cross-linked PVP . Inter. J. Pharmaceut. 2002 , 233 , 43 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinones , D. ; Ghaly , E.S. Formulation and characterization of Nystatin gel . PRHSJ 2008 , 27 , 61 – 67 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam , M.T. ; Rodríguez-Hornedo , N. ; Ciotti , S. ; Ackermann , Ch. Rheological characterization of topical carbomer gels neutralized to different pH . Pharmaceut. Res. 2004 , 21 , 1193 – 1199 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramazani-Harandi , M.J. ; Zohuriaan–Mehr , M.J. ; Yousefi , A.A. ; Ershad-Langroudi , A. ; Kabiri , K. Effects of Structural variables on AUL and Rheological behavior of SAP gels . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2009 , 113 , 3676 – 3686 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramazani-Harandi , M.J. ; Zohuriaan-Mehr , M.J. ; Yousefi , A.A. ; Ershad-Langroudi , A. ; Kabiri , K. Rheological determination of the swollen gel strength of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels . Polym. Test. 2006 , 25 , 470 – 474 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martens , P. ; Anseth , K.S. Characterization of hydrogels formed from acrylate modified Poly(vinyl alcohol) Macromers . Polym. 2000 , 41 , 7715 – 7722 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar