Nanocomposites Based on NR/SBR: Effects of Nanoclay and Short Nylon Fibers on the Cure Characteristics and Thermal Properties

REFERENCES

• Moghe , S.R.S. short fiber reinforcement of elastomers. Amer. Chem. Soc. Rubber Div. Meeting, Chicago IL Oct. 5, 1982, paper No. 20.
   Google Scholar
• Abdelmouleh , M. ; Boufi , S. ; Belgacem , M.N. ; Dufresne , A. Short natural-fibre reinforced polyethylene and natural rubber composites: effect of silane coupling agents and fibres loading . Compos. Sci. Technol. 2007 , 67 ( 7–8 ), 1627 – 1639 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes , R.M.B. ; Visconte , L.L.Y. ; Nunes , R.C.R. Curing characteristics and aging properties of natural rubber/epoxidized natural rubber and cellulose II . Int. J. Polym. Mater. 2011 , 60 , 351 – 364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajeev , R.S. ; Bhowmick , A.K. ; De , S.K. ; Bandyopadhyay , S. Short melamine fiber filled nitrile rubber composites . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003 , 90 , 544 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seema , A. ; Kutty , S.K.N. Cure characteristics and mechanical properties of short Nylon-6 fiber –Neoprene rubber composite containing epoxy resin as bonding agent . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2005 , 44 ( 6 ), 1139 – 1158 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pramila Devi , D.S. ; Thekkedath , J. ; Kutty , S.K.N. Synthesis and characterization of conducting composites of polypyrrole/polypyrrole-coated short nylon fiber and natural rubber . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2012 , 51 , 823 – 831 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soltani , S. ; Naderi , G. ; Ghoreishy , M.H.R. Mechanical and morphological properties of short nylon fiber reinforced NR/SBR composites: Optimization of interfacial bonding agent . Iran. Polym. J. 2010 , 19 ( 11 ), 853 – 886 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotoky , T. ; Dolui , S.K. Synthesis and characterization of PVA-Silica hybrid composites derived through the sol-gel method in aqueous medium . J. Sol. Gel. Sci. Technol. 2004 , 20 , 107 – 114 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrusoid , J. ; Slusaraski , L. Synthesis of nanosilica by the sol-gel method and its activity towards polymers . Mater. Sci. 2003 , 21 , 461 – 468 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiagarajan , A. ; Palaniradja , K. ; Mathivanan , N.R. Effect of nanoclay on the impact properties of glass fiber-reinforced polymer composites . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2012 , 51 , 1403 – 1410 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew , L. ; Kutty , S.K.N. Cure characteristics and mechanical properties of HRH bonded nylon-6 short fiber-nanosilica-acrylonitrile butadiene rubber hybrid composite . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2009 , 48 , 75 – 81 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew , L. ; Kutty , S.K.N. Hybrid composite based on nanosilica, nylon 6 short fiber, and styrene butadiene rubber – A study on the Effect of fillers and bonding agent . Prog. Rubber Plast. Recycl. Technol. 2010 , 26 , 1 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajeev , R.S. ; De , S.K. ; Bhowmick , A.K. ; Baby , J. Studies on thermal degradation of short melamine fiber reinforced EPDM, maleated EPDM and nitrile rubber composites Polym . Degrad. Stab. 2003 , 79 , 449 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterjee , K. ; Naskar , K. Study on characterization and properties of nanosilica-filled thermoplastic vulcanizates . Polym. Eng. Sci. 2008 , 48 , 1077 – 1084 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahalling , R.N. ; Kumar , S. ; Rath , T. ; Das , C.K. Effects of rubber—filler interaction on the developments of physical, mechanical, and interfacial properties of Vamac—Silica nano-composites . J. Elastom. Plast. 2007 , 39 , 253 – 268 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalia , S. ; Vashistha , S. Surface modification of sisal fibers using cellulase and microwave-assisted grafting: A study of morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability . Int. J. Polym. Mater. 2012 , 61 , 1130 – 1141 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seema , A. ; Kutty , S.K.N. Thermal degradation of short nylon-6 fiber–reinforced styrene butadiene rubber composite . Int. J. Polym. Mater. 2006 , 55 , 25 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Pothen , L.A. ; Oommen , Z. ; Thomas , S. Dynamic mechanical analysis of banana fiber reinforced polyester composites . Compos. Sci. Technol. 2003 , 63 , 283 – 293 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naskar , A.K. ; Bhowmick , A.K. ; De , S.K. Melt processable rubber: Chlorinated waste tire rubber filled polyvinyl chloride . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2002 , 84 , 622 – 631 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew , L. ; Kutty , S.K.N. Nanosilica as dry bonding system component and as reinforcement in short nylon-6 fiber/natural rubber composite . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2009 , 112 , 2203 – 2212 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soltani , S. ; Naderi , G. ; Ghoreishy , M.H.R. Mechanical and rheological properties of short-nylon fiber NR/SBR composites . J. Rubb. Res. 2010 , 13 ( 2 ), 110 – 124 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu , Z. ; Song , G.-J. ; Liu , W.-S. Preparation and properties of styrene butadiene rubber/natural rubber/organo-bentonite nanocomposites prepared from latex dispersions . Appl. Clay Sci. 2009 , 46 , 241 – 244 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhattacharya , M. ; Maiti , M. ; Bhowmick , A.K. Tailoring properties of styrene butadiene rubber nanocomposite by various nanofillers and their dispersion . J. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2009 , 49 , 81 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavakoli , M. ; Katbab , A.A. ; Nazockdast , H.J. NR/SBR/Organoclay Nanocomposites: Effects of Molecular Interactions upon the Clay Microstructure and Mechano-Dynamic Properties . Appl. Polym. Sci. 2011 , 123 , 1853 – 1864 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohan , T.P. ; Kuriakose , J. ; Kanny , K. Effect of nanoclay reinforcement on structure, thermal and mechanical properties of natural rubber–styrene butadine rubber (NR/SBR) . Ind. Eng. Chem. 2011 , 17 , 264 – 270 .
   Google Scholar
• Shan , C. ; Gu , Z. ; Wang , L. ; Li , P. ; Song , G. ; Gao , Z. ; Yang , X. Preparation, Characterization, and Application of NR/SBR/Organoclay Nanocomposites in the Tire Industry . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2011 , 119 , 1185 – 1194 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seema , A. ; Kutty , S.K.N. Effect of an epoxy-based bonding agent on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of short nylon fiber reinforced NBR composite . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2006 , 99 , 532 – 539 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sreeja , T.D. ; Kytty , S.K.N. Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber/reclaimed rubber-nylon fiber composite . Advan. Polym. Technol. 2001 , 20 , 281 – 288 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajeev , R.S. ; Bhowmick , A.K. ; De , S.K. New composites based on short melamine fiber reinforced ePDM rubber . Polym. Compos. 2002 , 23 , 574 – 591 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prasantha Kumar , R. ; Geethakumari Amma , M.L. ; Thomas , S. Short sisal fiber reinforced styrene-butadiene rubber composites . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1995 , 58 , 597 – 612 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ismail , M.N. ; Ghoneim , A.M. The effect of the adhesion system on the physico-mechanical and electrical properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/polyester short-fiber composites . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 1999 , 38 , 71 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganter , M. ; Gronski , W. ; Semke , H. ; Zilg , T. ; Thomann , C. ; Muhlhaupt , R. Surface-compatibilized layered silicates: A novel class of nanofillers for rubbers with improved mechanical properties . KGK. Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe. 2001 , 54 , 166 – 171 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , P.-Y. ; Yin , L.-L. ; Song , G. ; Sun , J. ; Wang , L. ; Wang , H. High-performance EPDM/organoclay nanocomposites by melt extrusion . J. Appl. Clay Sci. 2008 , 40 , 38 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-Berridi , M.J. ; Gonzalez , N. ; Mugica , A. Bernicot, C . Pyrolysis-FTIR and TGA techniques as tools in the characterization of blends of natural rubber and SBR. Thermochim. Acta 2006 , 444 , 65 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Leszczynska , A. ; Njuguna , J. ; Pielichowski , K. Polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites with improved thermal properties: Part I . Factors influencing thermal stability and mechanisms of thermal stability improvement. Thermochim. Acta 2007 , 453 , 75 – 96 .
   Google Scholar