Optimization of UHMWPE/Graphene Nanocomposite Processing using Ziegler-Natta Catalytic System via Response Surface Methodology

REFERENCES

• Spiegelberg , S. Characterization of Physical, Chemical, and Mechanical Properties of UHMWPE . In: Steven , M.K. ; Kurtz , S.M. , eds. UHMWPE Biomaterials Handbook, , 2nd Ed. , Academic Press : Boston , 2009 ; pp. 355 – 368 .
   Google Scholar
• Amoli , B.M. ; et al. . Preparation of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites with a Ziegler–Natta catalytic system and investigation of their thermal and mechanical properties . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2012 , 125 ( S1 ), E453 – E461 .
   Google Scholar
• Ramazani , A. ; et al. . Production and characterization of UHMWPE/fumed silica nanocomposites . Polym. Compos. 2012 , 33 ( 10 ), 1858 – 1864 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davim , J.P. ; Marques , N. Evaluation of tribological behaviour of polymeric materials for hip prostheses application . Tribol. Lett. 2001 , 11 ( 2 ), 91 – 94 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie , X.L. ; et al. . Wear performance of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/quartz composites . Biomaterials 2003 , 24 ( 11 ), 1889 – 1896 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guofang , G. ; et al. . Tribological properties of kaolin filled UHMWPE composites in unlubricated sliding . Wear 2004 , 256 ( 1–2 ), 88 – 94 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plumlee , K. ; Schwartz , C.J. Improved wear resistance of orthopedic UHMWPE by reinforcement with zirconium particles . Wear 2009 , 267 ( 5–8 ), 710 – 717 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samad , M.A. ; Sinha , S.K. Mechanical, thermal and tribological characterization of a UHMWPE film reinforced with carbon nanotubes coated on steel . Tribol. Inter. 2011 , 44 ( 12 ), 1932 – 1941 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zoo , Y.-S. ; et al. . Effect of carbon nanotube addition on tribological behavior of UHMWPE . Tribol. Lett. 2004 , 16 ( 4 ), 305 – 309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dangsheng , X. Friction and wear properties of UHMWPE composites reinforced with carbon fiber . Mater. Lett. 2005 , 59 ( 2–3 ), 175 – 179 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen , J. ; et al. . Friction and wear properties of UHMWPE/nano-MMT composites under oilfield sewage condition . Mater. Lett. 2008 , 62 ( 25 ), 4161 – 4163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , H. ; et al. . Graphene/polyurethane nanocomposites for improved gas barrier and electrical conductivity . Chem. Mater. 2010 , 22 ( 11 ), 3441 – 3450 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan , J. ; et al. . Preparation of a graphene nanosheet/polyaniline composite with high specific capacitance . Carbon 2010 , 48 ( 2 ), 487 – 493 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song , P. ; et al. . Fabrication of exfoliated graphene-based polypropylene nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties . Polymer 2011 , 52 ( 18 ), 4001 – 4010 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vadukumpully , S. ; et al. . ( 2011 ). Flexible conductive graphene/poly(vinyl chloride) composite thin films with high mechanical strength and thermal stability . Carbon 2011 , 49 ( 1 ), 198 – 205 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , H. ; Macosko , C.W. Processing-property relationships of polycarbonate/graphene composites . Polymer 2009 , 50 ( 15 ), 3797 – 3809 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafiq , R. ; et al. . Increasing the toughness of nylon 12 by the incorporation of functionalized graphene . Carbon 2010 , 48 ( 15 ), 4309 – 4314 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan , B. ; Xu , G. ; Zhang , B. ; Ma , X. ; Li , H. ; Zhang , Y. Preparation and tribological properties of polyamide 11/graphene coatings . Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng. 2012 , 51 ( 11 ), 1163 – 1166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das , T.K. ; Prusty , S. Graphene-based polymer composites and their applications . Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng. 2013 , 52 ( 4 ), 319 – 331 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , Q. ; Zhou , X. ; Fan , X. ; Zhu , C. ; Yao , X. ; Liu , Z. Mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin nanocomposites reinforced with graphene oxide . Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng. 2012 , 51 ( 3 ), 251 – 256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• William , R.M. (Ed.) Response Surface Methodology. Encyclopedia of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, , 2nd Ed. , Taylor & Francis : Philadelphia , 2013 , pp. 858 – 869 .
   Google Scholar
• Ramazani , S.A. ; et al. . In situ polymerization of polyethylene/clay nanocomposites using a novel clay-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst . Polym. Compos. 2009 , 30 ( 10 ), 1388 – 1393 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikkhah , S.J. ; et al. . Investigation of properties of polyethylene/clay nanocomposites prepared by new in situ Ziegler–Natta catalyst . Mater. Design 2009 , 30 ( 7 ), 2309 – 2315 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hummers , W.S. ; Offeman , R.E. Preparation of graphitic oxide . J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 1958 , 80 ( 6 ), 1339 – 1339 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamjah , R. ; et al. . Synthesizing UHMWPE using Ziegler-Natta Catalyst system of MgCl2(ethoxide type)/TiCl4/tri-isobutylaluminum . Macromol. Sympos. 2008 , 274 ( 1 ), 148 – 153 .
   Google Scholar