References
- Armstrong, L. 2017. From law enforcement to protection? Interactions between sex workers and police in a decriminalized street-based sex industry. The British Journal of Criminology 57 (3):570–88.
- Basu, A., and M. J. Dutta. 2011. ‘We Are Mothers First’: Localocentric articulation of sex worker identity as a key in HIV/AIDS communication. Women & Health 51 (2):106–23. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2008.01339.x.
- Beckham, S. W., C. R. Shembilu, P. J. Winch, C. Beyrer, and D. L. Kerrigan. 2015. ‘If you have children, you have responsibilities’: Motherhood, sex work and HIV in southern Tanzania. Culture, Health & Sexuality 17 (2):165–79. doi:10.1080/13691058.2014.961034.
- Bletzer, K. V. 2005. Sex workers in agricultural areas: Their drugs, their children. Culture, Health & Sexuality 7 (6):543–55. doi:10.1080/13691050500151271.
- Burden, C., S. Bradley, C. Storey, A. Ellis, A. E. P. Heazell, S. Downe, J. Cacciatore, and D. Siassakos. 2016. From grief, guilt pain and stigma to hope and pride–A systematic review and meta-analysis of mixed-method research of the psychosocial impact of stillbirth. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 16 (1):9. doi:10.1186/s12884-016-0982-0.
- Chege, M. N., E. W. Kabiru, and J. N. Mbithi. 2002. Childcare practices of commercial sex workers. East African Medical Journal 79 (7):382–89. doi:10.4314/eamj.v79i7.8844.
- Couvrette, A., S. Brochu, and C. Plourde. 2016. The “deviant good mother” motherhood experiences of substance-using and lawbreaking women. Journal of Drug Issues 46 (4):292–307. doi:10.1177/0022042616649003.
- Dalla, R. 2004. I fell off the mothering track”: Barriers to “Effective mothering” among prostituted women. Family Relations 53 (2):190–200. doi:10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00009.x.
- Decker, M. R., A.-L. Crago, S. K. H. Chu, S. G. Sherman, M. S. Seshu, K. Buthelezi, M. Dhaliwal, and C. Beyrer. 2015. Human rights violations against sex workers: Burden and effect on HIV. The Lancet 385 (9963):186–99. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60800-X.
- Deering, K. N., A. Amin, J. Shoveller, A. Nesbitt, C. Garcia-Moreno, P. Duff, E. Argento, and K. Shannon. 2014. A systematic review of the correlates of violence against sex workers. American Journal of Public Health 104 (5):e42–e54. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301909.
- Dodsworth, J. 2014. Sex worker and mother: Managing dual and threatened identities. Child & Family Social Work 19 (1):99–108. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2012.00889.x.
- Duff, P., B. Bingham, A. Simo, D. Jury, C. Reading, and K. Shannon. 2014. The ‘Stolen Generations’ of mothers and daughters: Child apprehension and enhanced HIV vulnerabilities for sex workers of aboriginal ancestry. PloS One 9 (6):e99664. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099664.
- Duff, P., J. Shoveller, J. Chettiar, C. Feng, R. Nicoletti, and K. Shannon. 2015. Sex work and motherhood: Social and structural barriers to health and social services for pregnant and parenting street and off-street sex workers. Health Care for Women International ahead-of-print. 1–17. doi: 10.1080/07399332.2014.989437.
- Dziuban, A. 2015. Structural violence: Social and institutional oppression experienced by sex workers in Europe: Community report. Amsterdam: International Committee on the Rights of Sex Workers in Europe.
- Goh, E. C. L., and S. Praimkumara. 2015. Understanding the impact of the mother-child relationship on sex workers’ decision to enter and leave the streets-lessons for social work practice. Journal of Social Work Practice 1–16. doi:10.1080/02650533.2015.1082464.
- John-Fisk, H. 2013. Uncovering the realities of prostitutes and their children in a cross national comparative study between India and the US. Salt Lake City, UT: The University of Utah.
- Ma, P. H. X., Z. C. Y. Chan, and A. Y. Loke. 2017. The socio-ecological model approach to understanding barriers and facilitators to the accessing of health services by sex workers: A systematic review. AIDS and Behavior 21 (8):2412–38. doi:10.1007/s10461-017-1818-2.
- Malacrida, C. 2009. Performing motherhood in a disablist world: Dilemmas of motherhood, femininity and disability. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 22 (1):99–117. doi:10.1080/09518390802581927.
- McClelland, G. T., and R. Newell. 2008. A qualitative study of the experiences of mothers involved in street-based prostitution and problematic substance use. Journal of Research in Nursing 13 (5):437–47. doi:10.1177/1744987108095409.
- Papworth, E., S. Schwartz, O. Ky-Zerbo, B. Leistman, G. Ouedraogo, C. Samadoulougou, A. Grosso, F. Drame, D. Diouf, S. C. Ketende, and S. Baral. 2015. Mothers who sell sex: A potential paradigm for integrated HIV, sexual, and reproductive health interventions among women at high risk of HIV in Burkina Faso. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999) 68 (Suppl. 2):S154–61. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000454.
- Pardeshi, G., and S. Bhattacharya. 2006. Child rearing practices amongst brothel based commercial sex workers. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences 60 (7):288. doi:10.4103/0019-5359.26603.
- Peled, E., and A. Parker. 2013. The mothering experiences of sex‐trafficked women: Between here and there. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 83 (4):576–87. doi:10.1111/ajop.12046.
- Pluye, P., E. Robert, M. Cargo, G. Bartlett, A. O’Cathain, F. Griffiths, F. Boardman, M. P. Gagnon, and M. C. Rousseau. 2011. Proposal: A mixed methods appraisal tool for systematic mixed studies reviews, 1–8. Montréal, Canada: McGill University.
- Procon. 2018. 100 Countries and their prostitution policies. https://prostitution.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000772 (accessed May 7, 2018)
- Reed, E. J., G. Silverman, B. Stein, J. T. Erausquin, M. Biradavolu, A. Rosenberg, and K. M. Blankenship. 2013. Motherhood and HIV risk among female sex workers in Andhra Pradesh, India: The need to consider women’s life contexts. AIDS and Behavior 17 (2):543–50. doi:10.1007/s10461-012-0249-3.
- Rivers-Moore, M. 2010. But the kids are okay: Motherhood, consumption and sex work in neo-liberal Latin America. The British Journal of Sociology 61 (4):716–36. doi:10.1111/j.1468-4446.2010.01338.x.
- Rolon, M. L., J. L. Syvertsen, A. M. Robertson, M. Gudelia Rangel, G. Martinez, M. D. Ulibarri, and S. A. Strathdee. 2013. The influence of having children on HIV-related risk behaviors of female sex workers and their intimate male partners in two Mexico–US border cities. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 59 (3):214–19. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmt009.
- Sleightholme, C., and I. Sinha. 1996. Guilty without trial. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
- Sloss, C. M., and G. W. Harper. 2004. When street sex workers are mothers. Archives of Sexual Behavior 33 (4):329–41. doi:10.1023/B:ASEB.0000028886.95568.2b.
- Thomas, J., and A. Harden. 2008. Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Medical Research Methodology 8 (1):1. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-8-45.
- UNAIDS. 2010. Making the law work for the HIV response: A snapshot of selected laws that support or block universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support, 2010. Geneva, Switzerland: UNAIDS.
- WHO. 2012. Implementing comprehensive HIV/STI programmes with sex workers. Practical approaches from collaborative interventions. 2012. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization/UNAIDS.
- Wikipedia. 2018a. Prostitution in Burkina Faso. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution_in_Burkina_Faso (accessed May 7)
- Wikipedia. 2018b. Prostitution in Tanzania. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tanzania (accessed May 7)
- Willis, B., I. Hodgson, and R. Lovich. 2014. The health and social well-being of female sex workers’ children in Bangladesh: A qualitative study from Dhaka, Chittagong, and Sylhet. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies 9 (2):123–31. doi:10.1080/17450128.2013.804970.
- Wong, W. C. W., Y. L. Yim, T. N. Leung, H. Lynn, and D. C. Ling. 2012. Prevalence and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections in female sex workers in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Medical Journal 18:42–46.
- Wong, W. C. W., E. Holroyd, and A. Bingham. 2011. Stigma and sex work from the perspective of female sex workers in Hong Kong. Sociology of Health & Illness 33 (1):50–65. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9566.2010.01276.x.
- Yerpude, P., and K. Jogdand. 2012. Child rearing practices amongst brothel-based commercial sex workers. Indian Journal of Community Medicine: Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine 37 (3):197. doi:10.4103/0970-0218.99932.
- Zalwango, F., L. Eriksson, J. Seeley, S. Nakamanya, J. Vandepitte, and H. Grosskurth. 2010. Four: Parenting and money making: Sex work and women’s choices in Urban Uganda. Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women’s and Gender Studies 8:71.