Waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference as the main measures to evaluate obstructive sleep apnea in the woman’s reproductive life stages

References

• AASM 2005. International classification of sleep disorders: Diagnostic and coding manual (ICSD-2). 2nd ed. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
   Google Scholar
• AASM. 2014. International classification of sleep disorders. Diagnostic and coding manual (ICSD-3). 3rd ed. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine Task Force (AASM).
   Google Scholar
• Alberti, K. G., R. H. Eckel, S. M. Grundy, P. Z. Zimmet, J. I. Cleeman, K. A. Donato, J. C. Fruchart, W. P. James, C.M. Loria, S. C. Smith Jr, et al. 2009. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; national heart, lung, and blood institute; American heart association; world heart federation; international atherosclerosis society; and international association for the study of obesity. Circulation 120 (16):1640–45. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banhiran, W., A. Junlapan, P. Assanasen, and C. Chongkolwatana. 2014. Physical predictors for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in snoring patients. Sleep and Breathing 18 (1):151–58. doi:10.1007/s11325-013-0863-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, L. K. 2002. A waist is a terrible thing to mind: Central obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Chest 122 (3):774–78. doi:10.1378/chest.122.3.774.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burger, H. G., G. E. Hale, L. Dennerstein, and D. M. Robertson. 2008. Cycle and hormone changes during perimenopause: The key role of ovarian function. Menopause 15 (4):603–12. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e318174ea4d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Sousa Caixêta, J. A., A. M. Saramago, M. L. de Cácia Pradella-hallinan, G. A. Moreira, S. Tufik, and R. R. Fujita. 2015. Waist-to-height ratio distinguish obstructive sleep apnea from primary snoring in obese children. Sleep and Breathing 19 (1):231–37. doi:10.1007/s11325-014-1001-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drager, L. F., S. M. Togeiro, V. Y. Polotsky, and G. Lorenzi-Filho. 2013. Obstructive sleep apnea: A cardiometabolic risk in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 62 (7):569–76. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drager, L. F., V. Y. Polotsky, and G. Lorenzi-Filho. 2011. Obstructive sleep apnea: An emerging risk factor for atherosclerosis. Chest 140 (2):534–42. doi:10.1378/chest.10-2223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards, N., P. G. Middleton, D. M. Blyton, and C. E. Sullivan. 2002. Sleep disordered breathing and pregnancy. Thorax 57 (6):555–58. doi:10.1136/thorax.57.6.555.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvan, T., J. Camuso, K. Sullivan, S. Kim, D. White, S. Redline, and H. Joffe. 2017. Association of estradiol with sleep apnea in depressed perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: A preliminary study. Menopause 24 (1):112–17. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000737.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glantz, H., E. Thunström, M. C. Johansson, C. Wallentin Guron, H. Uzel, J. Ejdebäck, S. Nasic, and Y. Peker. 2015. Obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with worse diastolic function in coronary artery disease. Sleep Medicine. 16 (1):160–67. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.08.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grunstein, R., I. Wilcox, T. S. Yang, Y. Gould, and J. Hedner. 1993. Snoring and sleep apnoea in men: Association with central obesity and hypertension. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity 17:533–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hachul, H., C. Frange, A. G. Bezerra, C. Hirotsu, G. N. Pires, M. L. Andersen, L. Bittencourt, and S. Tufik. 2015. The effect of menopause on objective sleep parameters: Data from an epidemiologic study in São Paulo, Brazil. Maturitas. 80 (2):170–78. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.11.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hachul, H., C. Monson, E. H. Kozasa, D. S. Oliveira, V. Goto, R. Afonso, A. C. Llanas, and S. Tufik. 2014. Complementary and alternative therapies for treatment of insomnia in women in postmenopause. Climacteric.17 (6):645–53. doi:10.3109/13697137.2014.926321.
   Google Scholar
• Hachul, H., L. R. Bittencourt, M. L. Andersen, M. A. Haidar, E. C. Baracat, and S. Tufik. 2008. Effects of hormone therapy with estrogen and/or progesterone on sleep pattern in postmenopausal women. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 103 (3):207–12. doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.07.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hachul, H., M. L. Andersen, L. R. Bittencourt, R. Santos-Silva, S. G. Conway, and S. Tufik. 2010. Does the reproductive cycle influence sleep patterns in women with sleep complaints? Climacteric 13 (6):594–603. doi:10.3109/13697130903450147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hajian-Tilaki, K. 2013. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for medical diagnostic test evaluation. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine 4:627–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harlow, S. D., M. Gass, J. E. Hall, R. Lobo, P. Maki, R. W. Rebar,S. Sherman, P. M. Sluss, T. J. de Villiers, and STRAW 10 Collaborative Group. 2012. Executive summary of the stages of reproductive aging workshop + 10: Addressing the unfinished agenda of staging reproductive aging. Menopause. 19 (4):387–95. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e31824d8f40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffstein, V., N. Zamel, and E. A. Phillipson. 1984. Lung volume dependence of pharyngeal cross-sectional area in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The American Review of Respiratory Disease 130:175–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, T., B. M. Lin, S. Redline, G. C. Curhan, F. B. Hu, and S. S. Tworoger. 2018. Type of menopause, age at menopause, and risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea in postmenopausal women. American Journal of Epidemiology 187 (7):1370–79. doi:10.1093/aje/kwy011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iber, C., I. Ancoli, A. Cheeson, and S. Quan. 2007. The AASM manual for scoring of sleep associated events: Rules, terminology and technical specifications. Wetchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, M. D. 2008. Role of body fat distribution and the metabolic complications of obesity. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 93 (11_supplement_1):S57–S63. doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, N. H., S. K. Lee, C. R. Eun, J. A. Seo, S. G. Kim, K. M. Choi, S. H. Baik, D. S. Choi, C. H. Yun, N. H. Kim, et al. 2013. Short sleep duration combined with obstructive sleep apnea is associated with visceral obesity in Korean adults. Sleep. 36 (5):723–29. doi:10.5665/sleep.2636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korn, E. L., and B. I. Graubard. 1999. Analyses of health surveys. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc..
   Google Scholar
• Lindberg, E., M. R. Bonsignore, and P. Polo-Kantola. 2020. Role of menopause and hormone replacement therapy in sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Medicine Reviews 49:101225. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2019.101225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcouiller, F., R. Boukari, S. Laouafa, R. Lavoie, and V. Joseph. 2014. The nuclear progesterone receptor reduces post-sigh apneas during sleep and increases the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in adult female mice. PLoS One 9 (6):e100421. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins, A. B., S. Tufik, and S. M. Moura. 2007. Physiopathology of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia 33 (1):93–100. doi:10.1590/S1806-37132007000100017.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moser, D., P. Anderer, G. Gruber, S. Parapatics, E. Loretz, M. Boeck, G. Kloesch, E. Heller, A. Schmidt, H. Danker-Hopfe, et al. 2009. Sleep classification according to AASM and Rechtschaffen & Kales: Effects on sleep scoring parameters. Sleep. 32 (2):139–49. doi:10.1093/sleep/32.2.139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naimark, A., and R. Cherniack. 1960. Compliance of the respiratory system and its components in health and obesity. Journal of Applied Physiology 15 (3):377–82. doi:10.1152/jappl.1960.15.3.377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nam, G. E., K. Han, D. H. Kim, J. H. Lee, and W. H. Seo. 2017. Sleep duration is associated with body fat and muscle mass and waist-to-height ratio beyond conventional obesity parameters in Korean adolescent boys. Journal of Sleep Research 26 (4):444–52. doi:10.1111/jsr.12502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naufel, M. F., C. Frange, M. L. Andersen, M. J. B. C. Girão, S. Tufik, E. Beraldi Ribeiro, H. Hachul. 2018. Association between obesity and sleep disorders in postmenopausal women. Menopause. 25 (2):139–44. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohga, E., T. Tomita, H. Wada, H. Yamamoto, T. Nagase, and Y. Ouchi. 2003. Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on circulating ICAM-1, IL-8, and MCP-1.Journal of Applied Physiology 94(1):179–84. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00177.2002
   Google Scholar
• Pillar, G., and N. Shehadeh. 2008. Abdominal fat and sleep apnea: The chicken or the egg? Diabetes Care 31 (Suppl 2):S303–9. doi:10.2337/dc08-s272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polesel, D. N., C. Hirotsu, K. T. Nozoe, A. C. Boin, L. Bittencourt, S. Tufik, M. L. Andersen, H. Hachul 2015. Waist circumference and postmenopause stages as the main associated factors for sleep apnea in women: A cross-sectional population-based study. Menopause. 22 (8):835–44. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polesel, D. N., K. M. Okazaki, K. T. Nozoe, M. L. Andersen, and S. Tufik. 2014. Obstructive sleep apnea as a potential confounding factor in atherosclerosis in the Asian population. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 346 (1–2):333–34. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2014.08.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polesel, D. N., K. T. Nozoe, S. B. Tufik, A. G. Bezerra, M. T. B. Fernandes, L. Bittencourt, S. Tufik, M. L. Andersen, and H. Hachul. 2019. Gender differences in the application of anthropometric measures for evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Science 12 (1):2–9. doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20190048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos, A. R., W. Tarraf, T. Rundek, S. Redline, W. K. Wohlgemuth, J. S. Loredo, R. L. Sacco, D. J. Lee, R. Arens, P. Lazalde, et al. 2015. Obstructive sleep apnea and neurocognitive function in a Hispanic/Latino population. Neurology. 84 (4):391–98. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000001181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, C. F., and L. L. Love. 1996. Mechanical properties of the velopharynx in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 154 (3):806–12. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.3.8810623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sands-Lincoln, M., E. B. Loucks, B. Lu, M. A. Carskadon, K. Sharkey, M. L. Stefanick, J. Ockene, N. Shah, K. G. Hairston, J. G. Robinson, et al. 2013. Sleep duration, insomnia, and coronary heart disease among postmenopausal women in the women’s health initiative. Journal of Women’s Health. 22 (6):477–86. doi:10.1089/jwh.2012.3918.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos-Silva, R., S. Tufik, S. G. Conway, J. A. Taddei, and L. R. Bittencourt. 2009. Sao Paulo epidemiologic sleep study: Rationale, design, sampling, and procedures. Sleep Medicine 10 (6):679–85. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2008.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schäfer, H., D. Pauleit, T. Sudhop, I. Gouni-Berthold, S. Ewig, and H. K. Berthold. 2002. Body fat distribution, serum leptin, and cardiovascular risk factors in men with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 122 (3):829–39. doi:10.1378/chest.122.3.829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theorell-Haglöw, J., L. Berglund, C. Janson, and E. Lindberg. 2012. Sleep duration and central obesity in women - differences between short sleepers and long sleepers. Sleep Medicine 13 (8):1079–85. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2012.06.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tufik, S., R. Santos-Silva, J. A. Taddei, and L. R. Bittencourt. 2010. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the Sao Paulo epidemiologic sleep study. Sleep Medicine 11 (5):441–46. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2009.10.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verhulst, S. L., N. Schrauwen, D. Haentjens, B. Suys, R. P. Rooman, L. Van Gaal, W. A. De Backer, and K. N. Desager. 2007. Sleep-disordered breathing in overweight and obese children and adolescents: Prevalence, characteristics and the role of fat distribution. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 92 (3):205–08. doi:10.1136/adc.2006.101089.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittle, A. T., I. Marshall, I. L. Mortimore, P. K. Wraith, R. J. Sellar, and N. J. Douglas. 1999. Neck soft tissue and fat distribution: Comparison between normal men and women by magnetic resonance imaging. Thorax 54 (4):323–28. doi:10.1136/thx.54.4.323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO). n.d. Obesity and overweight. https://www.who.in/ews-roo/act-sheet/etai/besity-and-overweight (accessed November 12, 2020).
   Google Scholar
• Zolfaghari, S., C. Yao, C. Thompson, N. Gosselin, A. Desautels, T. T. Dang-Vu, R. B. Postuma, J. Carrier. 2020. Effects of menopause on sleep quality and sleep disorders: Canadian longitudinal study on aging. Menopause. 27 (3):295–304. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000001462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar