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The Speech Teacher Volume 20, 1971 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Speech communication research on small groups

Carl E. Larson Associate Professor of Speech, University of Denver
Pages 89-107 | Published online: 18 May 2009

  • Golembiewski , Robert . November 1962 . The Small Group: An Analysis of Research Concepts and Operations November ,
  • McGrath , Joseph and Altman , Irwin . 1966 . Small Group Research New York
  • Cartwright , Dorwin and Zander , Alvin . 1968 . Group Dynamics , 3rd ed. New York
  • Bormann , Ernest G. 1970 . “The Paradox and Promise of Small Group Research” . Speech Monographs , 37 : 211 – 217 .
  • Dickens , Milton and Heffernan , Marguerite . 1949 . “Experimental Research in Group Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 35 : 23 – 29 .
  • Keltner , John . 1960 . “Communication in Discussion and Group Processes: Some Research Trends of the Decade 1950–1959—Part I” . Journal of Communication , 10 : 195 – 204 .
  • 1961 . “Communication in Discussion and Group Processes: Some Research Trends of the Decade 1950–1959—Part II” . Journal of Communication , 11 : 27 – 33 .
  • Johnson , Alma . 1943 . “An Experimental Study in the Analysis and Measurement of Reflective Thinking” . Speech Monographs , 10 : 83 – 96 .
  • Pyron , H. Charles and Sharp , Harry Jr. 1963 . “A Quantitative Study o£ Reflective Thinking and Performance in Problem‐Solving Discussion” . Journal of Communication , 13 : 46 – 57 .
  • Sharp , Harry Jr. and Millikin , Joyce . 1964 . “Reflective Thinking Ability and the Product of Problem‐Solving Discussion” . Speech Monographs , 31 : 124 – 127 .
  • Pyron , H. Charles . 1964 . “An Experimental Study of the Role of Reflective Thinking in Business and Professional Conferences and Discussions” . Speech Monographs , 31 : 155 – 161 .
  • Timmons , William M. 1941 . “Sex Differences in Discussion” . Speech Monographs , 8 : 68 – 75 .
  • Keltner , John W. 1947 . “Goals, Obstacles, and Problem Formulation in Group Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 33 : 468 – 473 .
  • Brilhart , John K. and Jochem , Lurene M. 1964 . “Effects of Different Patterns on Outcomes of Problem‐Solving Discussion” . Journal of Applied Psychology , 48 : 175 – 179 .
  • Bayless , Ovid L. 1967 . “An Alternate Pattern for Problem‐Solving Discussion” . Journal of Communication , 17 : 188 – 197 .
  • Larson , Carl . 1969 . “Forms of Analysis and Small Group Problem‐Solving” . Speech Monographs , 36 : 452 – 455 .
  • Simons , Herbert W. 1966 . “Representative versus Participative Patterns of Deliberation in Large Groups” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 52 : 164 – 171 .
  • Gouran , Dennis S. 1969 . “Variables Related to Consensus in Group Discussions of Questions of Policy” . Speech Monographs , 36 : 387 – 391 .
  • Grove , Theodore G. 1965 . “Attitude Convergence in Small Groups” . Journal of Communication , 15 : 226 – 238 .
  • Simpson , Ray H. 1939 . “The Effect of Discussion on Intra‐Group Divergencies of Judgment” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 25 : 546 – 552 .
  • Paulson , Stanley F. 1958 . “Pressures Toward Conformity in Group Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 44 : 50 – 55 .
  • Utterback , William E. 1950 . “The Influence of Conference on Opinion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 36 : 365 – 370 .
  • 1956 . “Measuring the Outcome of an Interco Conference” . Journal of Communication , 5 : 33 – 37 .
  • Utterback , William E. 1964 . “Radio Panel vs. Group Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 50 : 374 – 377 .
  • Simpson , Ray H. 1960 . “Attitudinal Effects of Small Group Discussions: Shifts on Certainty‐Uncertainty and Agreement‐Disagreement Continua” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 46 : 415 – 418 .
  • Williams , Frederick . 1969 . “Effects of Group Information Upon Word Replacement” . Western Speech , 33 : 18 – 25 .
  • Robinson , Karl F. 1941 . “An Experimental Study of the Effects of Group Discussion Upon the Social Attitudes of College Students” . Speech Monographs , 8 : 34 – 57 .
  • Utterback , William E. 1962 . “Majority Influence and Cogency of Argument in Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 48 : 412 – 414 .
  • Harnack , R. Victor . 1963 . “A Study of the Effect of an Organized Minority Upon A Discussion Group” . Journal of Communication , 13 : 12 – 24 .
  • Giffin , Kim and Ehrlich , Larry . 1963 . “The Attitudinal Effects of a Group Discussion on a Proposed Change in Company Policy” . Speech Monographs , 30 : 377 – 379 .
  • Berquist , Goodwin F. and McLaughlin , Ted J. 1966 . “A Study of Context, Content, and Meaning in School Board Deliberations” . Journal of Educational Research , 59 : 223 – 226 .
  • Posz , A. Conrad . 1958 . “Brainstorming in an Educational Crisis” . Journal of Communication , 8 : 127 – 136 .
  • Albritton , Dal and Phifer , Gregg . 1951 . “Dicussion in the Florida Cabinet” . Southern Speech Journal , 17 : 99 – 105 .
  • Allen , Harold B. 1945 . “Film Forums: An Experiment in Community Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 31 : 300 – 303 .
  • Auer , J. Jeffery . 1946 . “Discussion Programs and Techniques in the Armed Forces” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 32 : 303 – 310 .
  • Weaver , Carl H. and May‐hew , Jean Brinkley . 1959 . “The Use of the Family Council as a Technique in Reducing a Communication Barrier” . Journal of Communication , 9 : 68 – 76 .
  • Allen , R. R. 1963 . “The Effects of Interpersonal and Concept Compatibility on the Encoding Behavior and Achievement of Debate Teams” . Central States Speech Journal , 14 : 23 – 26 .
  • Agranowitz , Aleen , Boone , Daniel R. , Ruff , Marion , Seacat , Gloria G. and Terr , Arthur L. 1954 . “Group Therapy as a Method of Retraining Aphasics” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 40 : 170 – 182 .
  • Lay , Thomas . 1965 . “Language Facilitation Among Delinquent Boys: A Pilot Study” . Journal of Communication , 15 : 216 – 225 .
  • Knieger , Bernard . 1961 . “Group Dynamics Techniques and the Teaching of Composition” . Journal of Communication , 11 : 220 – 223 .
  • Scheidel , Thomas M. and Crowell , Laura . 1964 . “Idea Development in Small Discussion Groups” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 50 : 140 – 145 .
  • Scheidel , Thomas M. and Crowell , Laura . 1966 . “Feedback in Small Group Communication” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 52 : 273 – 278 .
  • Berg , David M. 1967 . “A Descriptive Analysis of the Distribution and Duration o£ Themes Discussed by Task‐Oriented Small Groups” . Speech Monographs , 34 : 172 – 175 .
  • Leathers , Dale G. 1969 . “Process Disruption and Measurement in Small Group Communication” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 55 : 287 – 300 .
  • Crowell , Laura , Katcher , Allen and Miyamoto , S. Frank . 1955 . “Self‐Concepts of Communication Skill and Performance in Small Group Discussions” . Speech Monographs , 22 : 20 – 27 .
  • Crowell , Laura and Scheidel , Thomas M. 1963 . “A Study of Discussant Satisfaction in Group Problem Solving” . Speech Monographs , 30 : 56 – 58 .
  • Scheidel , Thomas M. , Crowell , Laura and Shepherd , John P. 1958 . “Personality and Discussion Behavior: A Study of Possible Relationships” . Speech Monographs , 25 : 261 – 267 .
  • Lerea , Louis and Goldberg , Alvin . 1961 . “The Effects of Socialization Upon Group Behavior” . Speech Monographs , 28 : 60 – 64 .
  • Goldberg , Alvin . 1960 . “An Experimental Study of the Effects of Evaluation Upon Group Behavior” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 46 : 274 – 283 .
  • Barnlund , Dean C. 1955 . “Experiments in Leadership Training for Decision‐Making Groups” . Speech Monographs , 22 : 1 – 14 .
  • Utterback , William E. 1958 . “The Influence of Style of Moderation on the Outcomes of Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 44 : 149 – 152 .
  • Wischmeier , Richard R. 1955 . “Group‐Centered and Leader‐Centered Leadership: An Experimental Study” . Speech Monographs , 22 : 43 – 48 .
  • Storey , Alfred W. 1964 . “Responsibility Sharing versus Strong Procedural Leadership” . Central States Speech Journal , 15 : 285 – 289 . Wischmeier
  • Goldberg , Alvin , Crisp , Lloyd , Sieburg , Evelyn and Tolela , Michele . 1967 . “Subordinate Ethos and Leadership Attitudes” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 53 : 354 – 360 .
  • Mortensen , Calvin D. 1966 . “Should the Discussion Group Have an Assigned Leader?” . Speech Teacher , 15 : 34 – 41 .
  • Utterback , William E. and Fotheringham , Wallace C. 1958 . “Experimental Studies of Motivated Group Discussion” . Speech Monographs , 25 : 268 – 277 .
  • Barnlund , Dean C. 1962 . “Consistency of Emergent Leadership in Groups With Changing Tasks and Members” . Speech Monographs , 29 : 45 – 52 .
  • Geier , John G. 1967 . “A Trait Approach to the Study of Leadership” . Journal of Communication , 17 : 316 – 323 .
  • Phelps , Waldo and Dobkin , Milton . 1957 . “The Influence of Problem‐Solving Panel Forums on Learning High School Civics” . Speech Teacher , 6 : 126 – 138 .
  • Phelps and Dobkin . 1957 . “Problem‐Solving Discussion in High School Civics” . Speech Teacher , 6 : 305 – 314 .
  • Utterback , William E. 1958 . “Evaluation of Performance in the Discussion Course at Ohio State University” . Speech Teacher , 7 : 209 – 215 .
  • Harnack , R. Victor . 1955 . “An Experimental Study of the Effects of Training in the Recognition and Formulation of Goals Upon Intra‐Group Cooperation” . Speech Monographs , 22 : 31 – 38 .
  • Haiman , Franklyn S. 1963 . “Effects of Training in Group Processes on Open‐Mindedness” . Journal of Communication , 13 : 236 – 245 .
  • Larson , Carl E. and Gratz , Robert D. 1966 . “Problem‐Solving Discussion Training and T‐Group Training: An Experimental Comparision.” . Paper presented at the National Convention of the Speech Association of America . 1966 .
  • Wood , Roy V. and Goldberg , Alvin A. 1968 . “The Effects of Three Styles of Training Upon Small Group Effectiveness” . Speech Teacher , 17 : 238 – 245 .
  • Giffin , Kim . 1960 . “Stumbling Talk vs. Slick Lecture” . Today's Speech , 8 : 4 – 5 .
  • Ewing , William Hollis . 1944 . “An Evaluation of the Individual vs. the Group Speaking Methods of Teaching the Beginning College Speech Course” . Speech Monographs , 11 : 80 – 87 .
  • Jenkins , Russell L. 1952 . “Discussional Procedures in Communication” . Journal of Communication , 2 : 26 – 30 .
  • Thompson , Wayne N. 1953 . “A Study of the Factors Considered by Students in Evaluating Public Discussions” . Speech Monographs , 20 : 268 – 272 .
  • Sattler , William M. 1958 . “The Use of the Case Method in College Discussion Classes” . Speech Teacher , 7 : 216 – 225 .
  • Welden , Terry A. 1969 . “Small Group Applications of Q‐Technique” . Speech Monographs , 36 : 68 – 72 .
  • Giffin , Kim and Skinner , Gary . 1963 . “An Investigation of the Academic Preparation and Professional Qualifications of Teachers of College Courses in Discussion” . Speech Teacher , 12 : 43 – 49 .
  • Keltner , John W. and Arnold , Carroll C. 1956 . “Discussion in American Colleges and Universities” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 42 : 250 – 256 .
  • Taylor , James S. 1967 . “A Study of Group Discussion in Selected American Colleges and Universities” . Southern Speech Journal , 33 : 113 – 118 .
  • Lee Phillips , Robert . 1967 . “Effects of Emotional Conflict on Learning and Persuasiveness in a Broadcast Discussion” . Speech Monographs , 34 : 448 – 454 .
  • Wiseman , Gordon and Barker , Larry . 1966 . “An Appraisal of Peer Group Instruction” . Central States Speech Journal , 17 : 125 – 130 .
  • 1965 . “A Study of Peer Group Evaluation” . Southern Speech Journal , 31 : 132 – 138 .
  • Becker , Sam L. 1956 . “Rating Discussants” . Speech Teacher , 5 : 60 – 65 .
  • LaRusso , Dominic A. and Tucker , Raymond K. 1957 . “Discussion Outlines and Skill in Reflective Thinking” . Speech Teacher , 6 : 139 – 142 .
  • Brilhart , John K. 1966 . “An Experimental Comparison of Three Techniques for Communicating a Problem‐Solving Pattern to Members of a Discussion Group” . Speech Monographs , 33 : 168 – 177 .
  • Millson , William A. D. 1935 . “Audience‐Reaction to Symposium” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 21 : 43 – 53 .
  • Carmack , William B. Jr. and Phifer , Gregg . 1956 . “An Experiment Comparing Discussion and Debate” . Southern Speech Journal , 21 : 189 – 194 .
  • Gulley , Halbert . 1942 . “Debate versus Discussion” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 28 : 305 – 307 .
  • Grissinger , James A. 1955 . “The Comparative Influence on Audience Opinion of Panel Discussion and Formal Debate” . Speech Monographs , 22 : 60 – 67 .
  • Gouran , Dennis S. 1970 . “Response to ‘The Paradox and Promise of Small Group Research’” . Speech Monographs , 37 : 217 – 218 .
  • Klugh , H. E. 1969 . “A Problem‐Finding Machine” . Phychological Record , 19 : 313 – 317 .

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