References
- Banas, J. A., & Miller, G. (2013). Inducing resistance to conspiracy theory propaganda: Testing inoculation and meta-inoculation strategies. Human Communication Research, 39, 184–207. doi:10.1111/hcre.12000
- Banas, J. A., & Rains, S. A. (2010). A meta-analysis of research on inoculation theory. Communication Monographs, 77, 281–311. doi:10.1080/03637751003758193
- Bermas, J., Brown, M., Jones, A., Rowe, K., Sparke, T. (Producers), & Avery, D. (Director). (2007). Loose change: Final cut [Motion picture]. United States: MercuryMedia International.
- Burgoon, M., Cohen, M. D., Miller, M. D., & Montgomery, C. L. (1978). An empirical test of a model of resistance to persuasion. Human Communication Research, 5, 27–39. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00620.x
- Compton, J. (2013). Inoculation theory. In J. P. Dillard & L. Shen (Eds.), The Sage handbook of persuasion: Developments in theory and practice (2nd ed., pp. 220–236). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
- Compton, J., & Ivanov, B. (2012). Untangling threat during inoculation-conferred resistance to influence. Communication Reports, 25, 1–13. doi:10.1080/08934215.2012.661018
- Compton, J., & Ivanov, B. (2014). Reconsidering the role(s) of affect in inoculation theory-conferred resistance to influence. Presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.
- Compton, J., & Pfau, M. (2005). Inoculation theory of resistance to influence at maturity: Recent progress in theory development and application and suggestions for future research. In P. Kalbfleisch (Ed.), Communication yearbook (Vol. 29, pp. 97–145). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. doi:10.1207/s15567419cy2901_4
- Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
- Godbold, L. C., & Pfau, M. (2000). Conferring resistance to peer pressure among adolescents: Using inoculation theory to discourage alcohol use. Communication Research, 27, 411–437. doi:10.1177/009365000027004001
- Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
- Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
- Ivanov, B., Miller, C. H., Compton, J., Averbeck, J. M., Harrison, K. J., Sims, J. D., … Parker, J. L. (2012). Effects of postinoculation talk on resistance to influence. Journal of Communication, 62, 701–718. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01658.x
- McGuire, W. J. (1964). Inducing resistance to persuasion: Some contemporary approaches. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 191–229). New York, NY: Academic Press.
- McGuire, W. J., & Papageorgis, D. (1962). Effectiveness of forewarning in developing resistance to persuasion. Public Opinion Quarterly, 26, 24–34. doi:10.1086/267068
- O’Keefe, D. J. (2003). Message properties, mediating states, and manipulation checks: Claims, evidence, and data analysis in experimental persuasive message effects research. Communication Theory, 13, 251–274. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2003.tb00292.x
- Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 19, pp. 123–205). New York, NY: Academic Press.
- Pfau, M. (1995). Designing messages for behavioral inoculation. In E. Maibach & R. L. Parrott (Eds.), Designing health messages: Approaches from communication theory and public health practice (pp. 99–113). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
- Pfau, M. (1997). The inoculation model of resistance to influence. In G. A. Barnett & F. J. Boster (Eds.), Progress in communication sciences: Advances in persuasion (Vol. 13, pp. 133–171). Greenwich, CT: Ablex.
- Pfau, M., Banas, J., Semmler, S. M., Deatrick, L., Lane, L., Mason, A., … Underhill, J. (2010). Role and impact of involvement and enhanced threat in resistance. Communication Quarterly, 58, 1–18. doi:10.1080/01463370903520307
- Pfau, M., Compton, J., Parker, K. A., Wittenberg, E. M., An, C., Ferguson, M., … Malyshev, Y. (2004). The traditional explanation for resistance versus attitude accessibility: Do they trigger distinct or overlapping processes of resistance? Human Communication Research, 30, 329–360. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2004.tb00735.x
- Pfau, M., Holbert, R. L., Zubric, S. J., Pasha, N. H., & Lin, W.-K. (2000). Role and influence of communication modality in the process of resistance to persuasion. Media Psychology, 2, 1–33. doi:10.1207/s1532785xmep0201_1
- Pfau, M., Ivanov, B., Houston, B., Haigh, M., Sims, J., Gilchrist, E., … Richert, N. (2005). Inoculation and mental processing: The instrumental role of associative networks in the process of resistance to counterattitudinal influence. Communication Monographs, 72, 414–441. doi:10.1080/03637750500322578
- Pfau, M., Szabo, E. A., Anderson, J., Morrill, J., Zubric, J., & Wan, H.-H. (2001). The role and impact of affect in the process of resistance to persuasion. Human Communication Research, 27, 216–252. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2001.tb00781.x
- Pfau, M., Tusing, K. J., Koerner, A. F., Lee, W., Godbold, L. C., Penaloza, L. J., … Hong, Y. (1997). Enriching the inoculation construct: The role of critical components in the process of resistance. Human Communication Research, 24, 187–215. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1997.tb00413.x
- Popova, M. (2014, June 24). Malcolm Gladwell on criticism, tolerance, and changing your mind. Retrieved from http://www.brainpickings.org/2014/06/24/malcolm-gladwell-nypl-interview
- Steiger, J. H. (1980). Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 87, 245–251. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.87.2.245
- Witte, K. (1994). Fear control and danger control: A test of the extended parallel process model (EPPM). Communications Monographs, 61, 113–134. doi:10.1080/03637759409376328