0
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Evaluation of Rhododendron arboreum Sm leaf and flower: Integrative Analysis using Advanced Analytical Techniques

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Received 23 Apr 2024, Accepted 04 Aug 2024, Accepted author version posted online: 07 Aug 2024
Accepted author version

REFERENCES

  • Madhvi SK, Sharma M, Iqbal J, Younis M, Sheikh R. Phytochemical analysis, Total Flavonoid, Phenolic contents and Antioxidant activity of extracts from the Leaves of Rhododendron arboreum. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020;13(4):1701-6.
  • Prakash V. GC-MS (Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy) analysis of methanol leaf extract of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. of District Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2023 Jan 15;13(1):123-6.
  • Gautam V, Sharma A, Arora S, Bhardwaj R, Ahmad A, Ahamad B, Ahmad P. In-vitro antioxidant, antimutagenic and cancer cell growth inhibition activities of Rhododendron arboreum leaves and flowers. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2020 Jul 1;27(7):1788-96.
  • Sharma S, Chaudhary R, Rolta R, Sharma N, Sourirajan A, Dev K, Kumar V. Effect of solvent on yield, phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant potential of Rhododendron arboreum. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021;14(1):311-6.
  • Mehta J, Rolta R, Salaria D, Ahmed A, Chandel SR, Regassa H, Alqahtani N, Ameen F, Amarowicz R, Gudeta K. In vitro and in silico properties of Rhododendron arboreum against pathogenic bacterial isolates. South African Journal of Botany. 2023 Oct 1;161:711-9.
  • Salem MA, Perez de Souza L, Serag A, Fernie AR, Farag MA, Ezzat SM, Alseekh S. Metabolomics in the context of plant natural products research: From sample preparation to metabolite analysis. Metabolites. 2020 Jan 15;10(1):37.
  • Mabasa XE, Mathomu LM, Madala NE, Musie EM, Sigidi MT. Molecular Spectroscopic (FTIR and UV‐Vis) and Hyphenated Chromatographic (UHPLC‐qTOF‐MS) Analysis and In Vitro Bioactivities of the Momordica balsamina Leaf Extract. Biochemistry Research International. 2021;2021(1):2854217.
  • Durak T, Depciuch J. Effect of plant sample preparation and measuring methods on ATR-FTIR spectra results. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 2020 Jan 1;169:103915.
  • Pandey A, Tripathi S. Concept of standardization, extraction and pre phytochemical screening strategies for herbal drug. Journal of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry. 2014;2(5):115-9.
  • Abubakar AR, Haque M. Preparation of medicinal plants: Basic extraction and fractionation procedures for experimental purposes. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences. 2020 Jan 1;12(1):1-0.
  • Dhawan D, Gupta J. Research article comparison of different solvents for phytochemical extraction potential from datura metel plant leaves. Int J Biol Chem. 2017;11(1):17-22.
  • Eom HJ, Lee D, Lee S, Noh HJ, Hyun JW, Yi PH, Kang KS, Kim KH. Flavonoids and a Limonoid from the Fruits of Citrus unshiu and Their Biological Activity. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2016 Sep 28;64(38):7171-8.
  • Jennifer O, Devi LJ. Bioconversion of selected solid wastes by control cultivation of oyster mushroom, Pleurotus florida and its nutrient analysis. International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management. 2020 Dec 14;3(12):34-6.
  • Waterborg JH. The Lowry method for protein quantitation. The protein protocols handbook. 2009:7-10.
  • Sultana M, Verma PK, Raina R, Prawez S, Dar MA. Quantitative analysis of total phenolic, flavonoids and tannin contents in acetone and n-hexane extracts of Ageratum conyzoides. International Journal of ChemTech Research. 2012 Jul;3:996-9.
  • Mroczek T, Głowniak K, Kowalska J. Solid–liquid extraction and cation-exchange solid-phase extraction using a mixed-mode polymeric sorbent of Datura and related alkaloids. Journal of Chromatography A. 2006 Feb 24;1107(1-2):9-18.
  • Chedea VS, Pop RM. Total polyphenols content and antioxidant DPPH assays on biological samples. InPolyphenols in plants 2019 Jan 1 (pp. 169-183). Academic Press.
  • Revathy S, Elumalai S, Antony MB. Isolation, purification and identification of curcuminoids from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) by column chromatography. Journal of Experimental sciences. 2011 Jun 27;2(7).
  • Mohamed IT, Khan W, Chester K, Mohamed AH, Ahmad S, Ayoub SM. Simultaneous quantitative estimation of ellagic acid and gallic acid in Sudanese Solanum dubium seed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2020 Oct 30;13(1):054-61.
  • Tayade S, Janavi GJ, Arumugam T, Rajagopal B, Geetharani P. Phytochemical characterization of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). InBiological Forum-An International Journal 2022 (Vol. 14, p. 1209).
  • Lorenz-Fonfria VA. Infrared difference spectroscopy of proteins: from bands to bonds. Chemical reviews. 2020 Mar 23;120(7):3466-576.
  • Huang Y, Su BN, Ye Q, Palaniswamy VA, Bolgar MS, Raglione TV. Improving the efficiency of quantitative 1H NMR: An innovative external standard–internal reference approach. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2014 Jan 25;88:1-6.
  • Osamudiamen PM, Oluremi BB, Osamudiamen FT, Aiyelaagbe OO. Inhibitory effects of Mezoneuron benthamianum root extracts on oral cariogenic microorganisms and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging radical. Clinical Phytoscience. 2020 Dec;6(1):1-7.
  • Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free radical biology and medicine. 1999 May 1;26(9-10):1231-7.
  • Gay C, Collins J, Gebicki JM. Hydroperoxide assay with the ferric–xylenol orange complex. Analytical biochemistry. 1999 Sep 10;273(2):149-55.
  • Ruberto G, Baratta MT, Deans SG, Dorman HD. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Foeniculum vulgare and Crithmum maritimum essential oils. Planta medica. 2000 Dec;66(08):687-93.
  • Benzie IF, Strain JJ. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Analytical biochemistry. 1996 Jul 15;239(1):70-6.
  • Chanda S, Ramachandra TV. A review on some Therapeutic aspects of Phytochemicals present in Medicinal plants. International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences. 2019 Jan 1;10(1).
  • Kumar A, P N, Kumar M, Jose A, Tomer V, Oz E, Proestos C, Zeng M, Elobeid T, K S, Oz F. Major phytochemicals: recent advances in health benefits and extraction method. Molecules. 2023 Jan 16;28(2):887.
  • Rawat P, Bachheti RK, Kumar N, Rai N. Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of in vitro immunomodulatory activity of Rhododendron arboreum leaves. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS. 2018;11(8).
  • Ahmad MP, Ali S, Wahab S, Perween T, Shahzad N, Dhami DB. Traditional uses, pharmacology and phytochemistry of national flower of Nepal Rhododendron arboreum: a review. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2022 Jul 15;12(4):162-6.
  • Kiruthiga C, Niharika K, Devi KP. Phytol and α-Bisabolol Synergy Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in A549 Cells and Additional Molecular Insights through Comprehensive Proteome Analysis via Nano LC-MS/MS. Anti-cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 2024 Feb 23.
  • Barola A, Tewari A, Kabdwa NC. Effect of pre-treatments and drying methods on nutritional quality of Rhododendron arboreum, west himalaya. Journal of Advanced Scientific Research. 2022 Mar 31;13(02):121-8.
  • Timsina B, Nadumane V. Decreased S Phase and G2/M Phase Cells by a Bioactive Fraction from the Hexane Extract of Rhododendron aroboreum Leading to the Apoptosis of HeLa Cells In-Vitro. Trends in Sciences. 2022 Jun 28;19(14):4963-.
  • Kim SY, Jeong SM, Park WP, Nam KC, Ahn DU, Lee SC. Effect of heating conditions of grape seeds on the antioxidant activity of grape seed extracts. Food chemistry. 2006 Aug 1;97(3):472-9.
  • Phuyal S, Lamichhane G, Gupta A, Khadayat K, Adhikari A, Marahatha R, Khadka S, Parajuli N. Research Article Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Rhododendron arboreum for Metal Sensing, Antibacterial Assessment, and Photocatalytic Degradation.
  • Ahir P, Maurya IK, Jain R, Kumar S. Photocatalytic and antimicrobial studies of green synthesized Dy3+ doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared from Rhododendron arboreum petal extract. Chemical Physics Impact. 2024 Jun 1;8:100461.
  • Shagun S, Lingwan M, Masakapalli SK. Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy profiles of red and pink Rhododendron flower petals establish them as rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. bioRxiv. 2023:2023-12.
  • Winitcha S, Liengprayoon S, Suphamitmongkol W, Tomorn N, Chaiyut J, Lerksamran T, Banchong Y, Trisonthi P, Saah S, Musigamart N. Phytochemical composition and biological activities of crude extract from flowers and leaves of Rhododendron arboreum sm. from northern thailand. Malaysian Applied Biology. 2021 Dec 31;50(3):23-37.
  • Zhang J, Stanley RA, Adaim A, Melton LD, Skinner MA. Free radical scavenging and cytoprotective activities of phenolic antioxidants. Molecular nutrition & food research. 2006 Nov;50(11):996-1005.
  • Acharya K, Giri S, Biswas G. Comparative study of antioxidant activity and nitric oxide synthase activation property of different extracts from Rhododendron arboreum flower. International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2011;3(2):757-62.
  • Kashyap P, Anand S, Thakur A. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Rhododendron arboreum flowers extract. International Journal of Food and Fermentation Technology. 2017;7(1):123-8.
  • Stout EI, McKessor A. Glycerin-based hydrogel for infection control. Advances in wound care. 2012 Feb 1;1(1):48-51.
  • Matinlinna JP, Lung CY, Tsoi JK. Silane adhesion mechanism in dental applications and surface treatments: A review. Dental materials. 2018 Jan 1;34(1):13-28.
  • Dvorakova M, Valterova I, Saman D, Vanek T. Biotransformation of (1 S)-2-Carene and (1 S)-3- Carene by Picea abies Suspension Culture. Molecules. 2011 Dec 19;16(12):10541-55.
  • Shimokawa T, Kinoshita A, Kusumoto N, Nakano S, Nakamura N, Yamanaka T. Component features, odor‐active volatiles, and acute oral toxicity of novel white‐colored truffle Tuber japonicum native to Japan. Food Science & Nutrition. 2020 Jan;8(1):410-8.
  • Ribeiro TP, Porto DL, Menezes CP, Antunes AA, Silva DF, De Sousa DP, Nakao LS, Braga VA, Medeiros IA. Unravelling the cardiovascular effects induced by α‐terpineol: A role for the nitric oxide–cGMP pathway. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 2010 Aug;37(8):811-6.
  • Conde R, Corrêa VS, Carmona F, Contini SH, Pereira AM. Chemical composition and therapeutic effects of Lippia alba (Mill.) NE Brown leaves hydro-alcoholic extract in patients with migraine. Phytomedicine. 2011 Nov 15;18(14):1197-201.
  • Shi W, Li S, Jia J, Zhao Y. Highly efficient conversion of cellulose to bio-oil in hot-compressed water with ultrasonic pretreatment. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2013 Jan 16;52(2):586-93.
  • National Center for Biotechnology Information (2024). PubChem Bioassay Record for AID1673663, Source: ChEMBL. Retrieved March 27, 2024 from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1673663
  • Chen JL, Zhu JS, Hong J, Chen MX, Lu JL, Chen WX, Shen B, Zhu ZM, Chen NW. Effect of 2-(8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1-oxo-1H-2-benzopyran-3-yl) propionic acid in combination with carboplatin on gastric carcinoma growth in vivo. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. 2007 Jan 1;13(4):509.
  • Choi D, Kang W, Park T. Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of undecane on mast cells and keratinocytes. Molecules. 2020 Mar 28;25(7):1554.
  • Oka S, Tanaka S, Kaneko I, Mouri R, Hirata M, Kanao H, Kawamura T, Yoshida S, Yoshihara M, Chayama K. Endoscopic submucosal dissection for residual/local recurrence of early gastric cancer after endoscopic mucosal resection. Endoscopy. 2006 Oct;38(10):996-1000.
  • Choi SJ, Kim JK, Kim HK, Harris K, Kim CJ, Park GG, Park CS, Shin DH. 2, 4-Di-tert- butylphenol from sweet potato protects against oxidative stress in PC12 cells and in mice. Journal of medicinal food. 2013 Nov 1;16(11):977-83.
  • Zhang H, Wang J, Zhang D, Zeng L, Liu Y, Zhu W, Lei G, Huang Y. Aged fragrance formed during the post-fermentation process of dark tea at an industrial scale. Food Chemistry. 2021 Apr16;342:128175.
  • Gayathiri E, Prakash P, Ahamed M, Pandiaraj S, Venkidasamy B, Dayalan H, Thangaraj P, Selvam K, Chaudhari SY, Govindasamy R, Thiruvengadam M. Multitargeted pharmacokinetics, molecular docking and network pharmacology-based identification of effective phytocompounds from Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr for inflammation and cancer treatment. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 2023 Jul 29:1-4.
  • Abd‐Allah WH, Salman A, Sabry Saad S. Anticancer activity of newly synthesized 1, 1‐disubstituted cyclohexane‐1‐carboxamides: in vitro caspases mediated apoptosis activators in human cancer cell lines and their molecular modeling. Drug Development Research. 2019 Nov;80(7):933-47.
  • Rostamabadi H, Bahraseman MR, Esmaeilzadeh-Salestani K. Froriepia subpinnata Leaf Extract-Induced Apoptosis in the MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line by Increasing Intracellular Oxidative Stress. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research: IJPR. 2023 Jan;22(1).
  • Makhafola TJ, Elgorashi EE, McGaw LJ, Awouafack MD, Verschaeve L, Eloff JN. Isolation and characterization of the compounds responsible for the antimutagenic activity of Combretum microphyllum (Combretaceae) leaf extracts. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2017 Dec;17:1-8.
  • Liang Q, Wang C, Li B. Metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for gastric cancer. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. 2015 Aug;176:2170-84.
  • Li WQ, Zhang JY, Ma JL, Li ZX, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Zhou T, Li JY, Shen L, Liu WD. Effects of Helicobacter pylori treatment and vitamin and garlic supplementation on gastric cancer incidence and mortality: follow-up of a randomized intervention trial. bmj. 2019 Sep 11;366.
  • Allimuthu, D., & Adams, D. J. (2017). 2-Chloropropionamide As a Low-Reactivity Electrophile for Irreversible Small-Molecule Probe Identification. ACS chemical biology, 12(8), 2124–2131.
  • Qiu YL, Hempel A, Camerman N, Camerman A, Geiser F, Ptak RG, Breitenbach JM, Kira T, Li L, Gullen E, Cheng YC. (R)-(−)-and (S)-(+)-synadenol: synthesis, absolute configuration, and enantioselectivity of antiviral effect. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 1998 Dec 17;41(26):5257-64.
  • Mokhtari M, Jackson MD, Brown AS, Ackerley DF, Ritson NJ, Keyzers RA, Munkacsi AB. Bioactivity-guided metabolite profiling of feijoa (Acca sellowiana) cultivars identifies 4- cyclopentene-1, 3-dione as a potent antifungal inhibitor of chitin synthesis. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2018 Mar 16;66(22):5531-9.
  • Mezmale L, Leja M, Lescinska AM, Pčolkins A, Kononova E, Bogdanova I, Polaka I, Stonans I, Kirsners A, Ager C, Mochalski P. Identification of Volatile Markers of Colorectal Cancer from Tumor Tissues Using Volatilomic Approach. Molecules. 2023 Aug 10;28(16):5990.
  • Islam S, Pramanik MJ, Biswas S, Moniruzzaman M, Biswas J, Akhtar-E-Ekram M, Zaman S, Uddin MS, Saleh MA, Hassan S. Biological efficacy of compounds from stingless honey and sting honey against two pathogenic bacteria: An in vitro and in silico study. Molecules. 2022 Oct 3;27(19):6536.
  • Snader KM, Chakrin LW, Cramer III RD, Gelernt YM, Miao CK, Shah DH, Venslavsky JW, Willis CR, Sutton BM. Pyranenamines: a new series of antiallergic compounds. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 1979 Jun;22(6):706-14.
  • Esquivel-Ferriño PC, Favela-Hernández JM, Garza-González E, Waksman N, Ríos MY, Camacho-Corona MD. Antimycobacterial activity of constituents from Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce grown in Mexico. Molecules. 2012 Jul 13;17(7):8471-82.
  • Zhu LX, Zhang MM, Liu Z, Shi Y, Duan CQ. Levels of furaneol in Msalais wines: A comprehensive overview of multiple stages and pathways of its formation during Msalais winemaking. Molecules. 2019 Aug 27;24(17):3104.
  • Dhwani NV, Raju G, Mathew SE, Baranwal G, Shivaram SB, Katiyar N, Pramanik N, Jhunjhunwala S, Shilpashree HB, Nagegowda DA, Kumar R. Antibacterial efficacy of Jackfruit rag extract against clinically important pathogens and validation of its antimicrobial activity in Shigella dysenteriae infected Drosophila melanogaster infection model. bioRxiv. 2020 Mar 9:2020-03.
  • Chen Z, Liu Q, Zhao Z, Bai B, Sun Z, Cai L, Fu Y, Ma Y, Wang Q, Xi G. Effect of hydroxyl on antioxidant properties of 2, 3-dihydro-3, 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4 H-pyran-4-one to scavenge free radicals. RSC advances. 2021;11(55):34456-61.
  • González AS, Valencia MG, Cervantes-Villagrana RD, Zapata AB, Cervantes-Villagrana AR. Cytotoxic and Antitumor Effects of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Tagetes erecta in Lung Cancer Cells. Molecules. 2023 Oct 12;28(20):7055.
  • Khan MR, Yanase E, Trivedi V. Extraction, phytochemical characterization and anti-cancer mechanism of Haritaki churna: An ayurvedic formulation. Plos one. 2023 May 31;18(5):e0286274.
  • Hidalgo-Lara ME, Farrés GA, Montes-Horcasitas MD. β-Methyl-xyloside: positive effect on xylanase induction in Cellulomonas flavigena. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2005 Aug 1;32(8):345-8.
  • Thoithoisana Devi S, Devika Chanu K, Singh NB, Chaudhary SK, Keithellakpam OS, Singh KB, Mukherjee PK, Sharma N. Chemical profiling and therapeutic evaluation of standardized hydroalcoholic extracts of Terminalia chebula fruits collected from different locations in Manipur against colorectal cancer. Molecules. 2023 Mar 23;28(7):2901.
  • Lykholat YV, Khromykh NO, Didur OO, Drehval OA, Sklyar TV, Anishchenko AO. Chaenomeles speciosa fruit endophytic fungi isolation and characterization of their antimicrobial activity and the secondary metabolites composition. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 2021 Dec;10:1-0.
  • Eissa NM, Ibrahim AA, Soliman MI. Comparative Studies among some Cultivated species and their Wild relatives in Egypt using Phytochemical Screening, Nutritive value, Antioxidant Activity and GC-MS Analysis. Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2023 Jul 1;28(1):1-9.
  • Payum T. Proximate composition and GCMS analysis of ethanol extract of Solanum spirale Roxb.,”. Curr. Bot. 2020;11:200-4.
  • Krishnaswamy U. GCMS and FTIR spectral analysis of aqueous methylparathion biotransformation by the microbial mpd strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium spp. Archives of Microbiology. 2021 Nov;203(9):5763-82.
  • Al-Shawi AA, Hameed MF, Ali NH, Hussein KA. Investigations of phytoconstituents, antioxidant and anti-liver cancer activities of Saueda monoica Forssk extracted by microwave-assisted extraction. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP. 2020 Aug;21(8):2349.
  • Katoch M, Qayum A, Kumar A, Rani P, Gupta P. Alternaria alternata (SDHY01/02), a fungus associated with Lamellodysidea herbacea: its anticancer potential and responsible constituent (s). International Microbiology. 2023 Nov;26(4):1143-55.
  • Duraisamy M, Raja S. Analysis of bioactive compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrum and anti-bacterial activity of Zonaria crenata. Aegaeum J. 2020;8:829-44.
  • Syed RU, Moni SS, Lila AS, Abdallah MH, Abouzied AS, Banu H, Alreshidi KS, Alrashidi BM, Hadi MA, El-Horany H, Abdelwahab SI. Spectral Analysis and Antiulcer Potential of Lactuca sativa through the Amelioration of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Apoptosis Markers. Life. 2022 Oct 19;12(10):1641.
  • Mishra V, Tomar S, Yadav P, Vishwakarma S, Singh MP. Elemental analysis, phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activity of Pleurotus ostreatus through in vitro and in silico approaches. Metabolites. 2022 Aug 31;12(9):821.
  • Ahmed OM, Ebaid H, El-Nahass ES, Ragab M, Alhazza IM. Nephroprotective effect of pleurotus ostreatus and agaricus bisporus extracts and carvedilol on ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis: roles of NF-κB, p53, bcl-2, bax and bak. Biomolecules. 2020 Sep 14;10(9):1317.
  • Ashidi JS, Houghton PJ, Hylands PJ, Efferth T. Ethnobotanical survey and cytotoxicity testing of plants of South-western Nigeria used to treat cancer, with isolation of cytotoxic constituents from Cajanus cajan Millsp. leaves. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2010 Mar 24;128(2):501-12.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.