Combined effect of deficit irrigation and foliar-applied salicylic acid on physiological responses, yield, and water-use efficiency of onion plants in saline calcareous soil

References

• Abd El-Mageed TA, Semida WM. 2015a. Organo mineral fertilizer can mitigate water stress for cucumber production (Cucumis sativus L .). Agric Water Manage. 159:1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abd El-Mageed TA, Semida WM. 2015b. Effect of deficit irrigation and growing seasons on plant water status, fruit yield and water use efficiency of squash under saline soil. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam). 186:89–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abd El-Mageed TA, Semida WM, Abd El-Wahed MH. 2016a. Effect of mulching on plant water status, soil salinity and yield of squash under summer-fall deficit irrigation in salt affected soil. Agric Water Manage. 173:1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abd El-Mageed TA, Semida WM, Mohamed GF, Rady MM. 2016b. Combined effect of foliar-applied salicylic acid and deficit irrigation on physiological-anatomical responses, and yield of squash plants under saline soil. South African J Bot. 106:8–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raes D, Smith M. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration: guidelines for computing crop requirements. Irrig Drain Pap No 56. FAO. 300.
   Google Scholar
• Amer KH, Midan SA, Hatfield JL. 2009. Effect of deficit irrigation and fertilization on cucumber. Agron J. 101:1556–1564.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil. 39:205–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben AC, Ben RB, Sensoy S, Boukhris M, Ben AF. 2009. Changes in gas exchange, proline accumulation and antioxidative enzyme activities in three olive cultivars under contrasting water availability regimes. Environ Exp Bot. 67:345–352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broetto F, Monteiro Duarte H, Lüttge U. 2007. Responses of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the facultative halophyte and C3-CAM intermediate species Mesembryanthemum crystallinum to salinity and high irradiance stress. J Plant Physiol. 164:904–912.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark AJ, Landolt W, Bucher JB, Strasser RJ. 2000. Beech (Fagus sylvatica) response to ozone exposure assessed with a chlorophyll a fluorescence performance index. Environ Pollut. 109:501–507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doorenboos J, Pruitt WO. 1977. Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements, Irrigation and Drainage Paper 24. L Water Dev Div FAO Rome. 24:144.
   Google Scholar
• Dubey RS, Rani M. 1989. Influence of NaCl salinity on growth and metabolic status of protein and amino acids in rice seedlings. J Agron Crop Sci. 162:97–106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAO. 2014. FAO statistics. Rome: Food Agric Organ United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• Fayez KA, Bazaid SA. 2014. Improving drought and salinity tolerance in barley by application of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. 13:45–55.
   Google Scholar
• Foyer CH, Descourvieres P, Kunert KJ. 1994. Protection against oxygen radicals - an important defense mechanism studied in transgenic plants. Plant Cell Environ. 17:507–523.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habibi G. 2012. Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates oxidative damage of barley plants under drought stress. Acta Biol Szeged. 56:57–63.
   Google Scholar
• Hameed A, Bibi N, Akhter J, Iqbal N. 2011. Differential changes in antioxidants, proteases, and lipid peroxidation in flag leaves of wheat genotypes under different levels of water deficit conditions. Plant Physiol Biochem PPB /Société Fr Physiol Végétale. 49:178–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayat Q, Hayat S, Irfan M, Ahmad A. 2010. Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: a review. Environ Exp Bot. 68:14–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayat S, Ali B, Aiman Hasan S, Ahmad A. 2007. Brassinosteroid enhanced the level of antioxidants under cadmium stress in Brassica juncea. Environ Exp Bot. 60:33–41.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horvath E, Pal M, Szalai G, Paldi E, Janda T. 2007. Exogenous 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and salicylic acid modulate the effect of short-term drought and freezing stress on wheat plants. Biol Plant. 51:480–487.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell TA. 2001. Enhancing water use efficiency in irrigated agriculture. Agron J. 93:281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Idrees M, Naeem M, Khan MN, Aftab T, Khan MMA, Moinuddin M. 2012. Alleviation of salt stress in lemongrass by salicylic acid. Protoplasma. 249:709–720.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igbadun HE, Ramalan AA, Oiganji E. 2012. Effects of regulated deficit irrigation and mulch on yield, water use and crop water productivity of onion in Samaru, Nigeria. Agric Water Manage. 109:162–169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irigoyen JJ, Emerich DW, Sanchezdiaz M. 1992. Water-stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants. Physiol Plant. 84:55–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen ME. 1983. Design and operation of farm irrigation systems. (MI): American Society of Agricultural Engineers; p. 827.
   Google Scholar
• Kadioglu A, Saruhan N, Saglam A, Terzi R, Acet T. 2011. Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates effects of long term drought stress and delays leaf rolling by inducing antioxidant system. Plant Growth Regul. 64:27–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahlaoui B, Hachicha M, Teixeira J, Misle E, Fidalgo F, Hanchi B. 2013. Response of two tomato cultivars to field-applied proline and salt stress response of two tomato cultivars to field-applied proline and salt stress. J Stress Physiol Biochem. 9:357–365.
   Google Scholar
• Kavi Kishor PB, Sangam S, Amrutha RN, Sri Laxmi P, Naidu KR, Rao KRSS, Rao S, Reddy KJ, Theriappan P, Sreenivasulu N. 2005. Regulation of proline biosynthesis, degradation, uptake and transport in higher plants: its implications in plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance. Curr Sci. 88:424–438.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller J, Bliesner RD. 1990. Sprinkle and trickle irrigation. New York (NY): Van Nostrand Reinhold; p. 22.
   Google Scholar
• Khoshbakht D, Asgharei MR. 2015. Influence of foliar-applied salicylic acid on growth, gas-exchange characteristics, and chlorophyll fluorescence in citrus under saline conditions. Photosynthetica. 53:410–418.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klute A, Dirksen C. 1986. Hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity. Laboratory methods. Methods Soil Anal - Part 1 Phys Mineral Methods. 9:687–734.
   Google Scholar
• Li L, Van Staden J, Jager AK. 1998. Effects of plant growth regulators on the antioxidant system in seedlings of two maize cultivars subjected to water stress. Plant Growth Regul. 25:81–87.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loutfy N, El-Tayeb MA, Hassanen AM, Moustafa MFM, Sakuma Y, Inouhe M. 2012. Changes in the water status and osmotic solute contents in response to drought and salicylic acid treatments in four different cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum). J Plant Res. 125:173–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxwell K, Johnson GN. 2000. Chlorophyll fluorescence - a practical guide. J Exp Bot. 51:659–668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Misra N, Misra R. 2012. Salicylic acid changes plant growth parameters and proline metabolism in Rauwolfia serpentina leaves grown under salinity stress. Am J Agric Environ Sci. 12: 1601–1609.
   Google Scholar
• Moustakas M, Sperdouli I, Kouna T, Antonopoulou CI, Therios I. 2011. Exogenous proline induces soluble sugar accumulation and alleviates drought stress effects on photosystem II functioning of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Plant Growth Regul. 65:315–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Page AI, Miller RH, Keeny DR. 1982. Methods of soil analysis Part II. Chemical and microbiological methods, 2nd ed. Madison (WI): American Society of Agronomy; p. 225–246.
   Google Scholar
• Patane C, Tringali S, Sortino O. 2011. Effects of deficit irrigation on biomass, yield, water productivity and fruit quality of processing tomato under semi-arid Mediterranean climate conditions. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam). 129:590–596.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pieters AJ, El Souki S. 2005. Effects of drought during grain filling on PS II activity in rice. J Plant Physiol. 162:903–911.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponce V, Pandey R, Ercan S. 2000. Characterization of drought across climatic spectrum. J Hydrol Eng. 5:222–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rady MM. 2011. Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on growth, yield, antioxidant system and cadmium content of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants under salinity and cadmium stress. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam). 129:232–237.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajasekaran LR, Blake TJ. 1999. New plant growth regulators protect photosynthesis and enhance growth under drought of jack pine seedlings. J Plant Growth Regul. 18:175–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saruhan N, Saglam A, Kadioglu A. 2012. Salicylic acid pretreatment induces drought tolerance and delays leaf rolling by inducing antioxidant systems in maize genotypes. Acta Physiol Plant. 34:97–106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semida WM. 2016. Hydrogen peroxide alleviates salt-stress in two onion (Allium cepa L .) cultivars. Am J Agric Environtal Sci. 16:294–301.
   Google Scholar
• Semida WM, Rady MM. 2014. Pre-soaking in 24-epibrassinolide or salicylic acid improves seed germination, seedling growth, and anti-oxidant capacity in Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown under NaCl stress. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol. 89:338–344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semida WM, Rady MM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Howladar SM, Abdelhamid MA. 2015. Alleviation of cadmium toxicity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants by the exogenous application of salicylic acid. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol. 90:83–91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semida WM, Taha RS, Abdelhamid MT, Rady MM. 2014. Foliar-applied α-tocopherol enhances salt-tolerance in Vicia faba L. plants grown under saline conditions. South African J Bot. 95:24–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. 1997. Gene expression and signal transduction in water-stress response. Plant Physiol. 115:327–334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinclair TR, Ludlow MM. 1986. Influence of soil water supply on the plant water balance of four tropical grain legumes. Aust J Plant Physiol. 13:329–341.
   Google Scholar
• Singh B, Usha K. 2003. Salicylic acid induced physiological and biochemical changes in wheat seedlings under water stress. Plant Growth Regul. 39:137–141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sohrabi Y, Heidari G, Weisany W, Ghasemi-Golezani K, Mohammadi K. 2012. Some physiological responses of chickpea cultivars to arbuscular mycorrhiza under drought stress. Russ J Plant Physiol. 59:708–716.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spoustová P, Synková H, Valcke R, Čevrovská N. 2013. Chlorophyll a fluorescence as a tool for a study of the Potato virus Y effects on photosynthesis of nontransgenic and transgenic Pssu-ipt tobacco. Photosynthetica. 51:191–201.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tirani MM, Nasibi F, Kalantari KM. 2013. Interaction of salicylic acid and ethylene and their effects on some physiological and biochemical parameters in canola plants (Brassica napus L.). Photosynthetica. 51:411–418.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace DH, Munger HM. 1965. Studies of the physiological basis for yield differences. I. growth analysis of six dry bean varieties. Crop Sci. 5:343–348.
   Google Scholar
• Wu M, Zhang WH, Ma C, Zhou JY. 2013. Changes in morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses to different levels of drought stress in chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Bl.) seedlings. Russ J Plant Physiol. 60:681–692.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao X, Yang F, Zhang S, Korpelainen H, Li C. 2009. Physiological and proteomic responses of two contrasting Populus cathayana populations to drought stress. Physiol Plant. 136:150–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar