1,089
Views
26
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Integrated rural tourism as a tool for community tourism development: exploring culture and heritage projects in the North-East District of Botswana

&

References

  • Boniface, P. (1999). Tourism and cultures: Consensus in the making? In M. Robinson & P. Boniface (Eds.), Tourism and cultural conflicts (pp. 215–224). Wallingford: CABI.
  • Britton, S. (1991). Tourism, capital, and place: Towards a critical geography of tourism. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 9, 451–478.
  • Burns, P. (1999). Paradoxes in planning: Tourism elitism or brutalism? Annals of Tourism Research, 26, 329–348.
  • Butler, R. (1999). Sustainable tourism: A state-of-the-art review. Tourism Geographies, 1, 7–25.
  • Carter, J., Dyer, P., & Sharma, B. (2007). Dis-placed voices: Sense of place and place-identity on the Sunshine Coast. Social and Cultural Geography, 8, 755–773.
  • Cawley, M., & Gillmor, D. A. (2008). Integrated rural tourism: Concepts and practice. Annals of Tourism Research, 35, 316–337.
  • Clark, G., & Chabrel, M. (2007). Measuring integrated rural tourism. Tourism Geographies, 9, 371–386.
  • Cloke, P. (Ed.). (2003). Country visions (pp. 61–88). Harlow: Pearson.
  • Clover, J. (2003). Botswana: Future prospects and the need for broad-based development. African Security Analysis Programme Situation Report No. 1, September 2003. pp. 1–11. Pretoria, Institute for Security Studies.
  • Cook, C. K. (1970). Rock paintings: Botswana and elsewhere. Botswana Notes and Records, 2, 24–28.
  • Daugstad, K. (2008). Negotiating landscape in rural tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 35, 402–426.
  • Direng, N. (2010). Ikalanga to dominate Domboshaba festivities. Mmegi Newspaper, 27(141), online edition
  • Good, K. (1993). At the end of the ladder: Radical inequalities in Botswana. Journal of Modern African Studies, 31, 203–230.
  • Gopal, R., Varma, S., & Gopinathan, R. (2009). May. Rural tourism development: Constraints and possibilities with special reference to agri-tourism: A case study on agri-tourism destination. Conference on Tourism in India – Challenges Ahead, IIMK, Malegoan village, TalukaBaramati, District Pune, Maharashtra.
  • Government of Botswana. (2001). National CBNRM forum in Botswana: Proceedings of the 2nd national CBNRM Conference in Botswana 14–16 2001 and the CBNRM status report 2001.
  • Government of Botswana. (2002). Revised national policy on rural development: Government Paper No. 3. Gaborone, Botswana.
  • Government of Botswana. (2007). Community-based natural resource management policy. Gaborone: Government Printer.
  • Government of Botswana. (2011). Population and housing census: Population of towns, villages and associated localities. Gaborone: Government Printers.
  • Hall, C. M. (2000). Tourism planning. Harlow: Prentice Hall.
  • Hall, C. M., & Jenkins, J. (1998). The policy dimensions of rural tourism and recreation. In R. Butler, C. M. Hall, & J. Jenkins (Eds.), Tourism and recreation if rural areas (pp. 19–42). Chichester: John Wiley.
  • Hall, C. M., & Page, S. J. (2006). The geography of tourism: Environment, place and space (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.
  • Hjalager, M. A. (1996). Agricultural diversification into tourism: Evidence of a European Community development programme. Tourism Management, 17, 103–111.
  • Hoggart, K., Lees, L., & Davies, A. (2002). Researching human geography. London: Arnold.
  • Hunt, H., Rogerson, C. M., Rogerson, J. M., & Kotze, N. (2012). Agriculture-tourism linkages in Botswana: Evidence from the safari lodge accommodation sector. Africa Insight, 42(2), 1–12.
  • Ikeya, K. (1996). Road construction and handicraft production in the Xade area. Botswana. African Study Monographs, 22, 67–84.
  • Jamal, T., & Stronza, A. (2009). Collaboration theory and tourism practice in protected areas: Stakeholders, structuring and sustainability. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17, 169–189.
  • Ketshabile, L. S. (2011). Utilising tourism potential in combating the spread of HIV/AIDS through poverty alleviation in rural areas of Botswana. Journal of Business Management and Economics, 2(1), 1–11.
  • Kgathi, D. L., Mmopelwa, G., & Mosepele, K. (2005). Natural resources in the Okavango Delta, Botswana: Case studies of some key resources. Natural Resources Forum, 26, 70–81.
  • Lane, B. (1994). What is rural tourism? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2, 7–21.
  • Lane, P., Reid, A., & Segobye, A. (1998). Ditswammung the archaeology of Botswana. Gaborone: Pula Press and the Botswana Society.
  • Leones, J. (1995). Tourism trends and rural economic impacts: Consumer profiles and tourism trends. In R. Tronstad & J. Leones (Eds.), Direct farm marketing and tourism handbook (pp. 15–18). Tucson: Arizona Cooperative Extension.
  • Marsden, T. (1999). Rural futures: The consumption of countryside and its regulation. Sociologia Ruralis, 39, 501–526.
  • Mbaiwa, J. E. (2004a). The socio-economic benefits and challenges of a community-based safari hunting tourism in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Tourism Studies, 15, 37–50.
  • Mbaiwa, J. E. (2004b). The success and sustainability of community-based natural resource management on the Okavango Delta, Botswana. South African Geographical Journal, 86, 44–53.
  • Mbaiwa, J. E. (2008). Tourism development, rural livelihoods, and conservation in the Okavango Delta, Botswana  (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). College Station: Texas A&M University.
  • Mbaiwa, J. E., & Sakuze, L. K. (2009). Cultural tourism and livelihood diversification: The case of Gcwihaba Caves and XaiXai village in the Okavango delta, Botswana. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 7, 61–75.
  • Mbaiwa, J. E., & Stronza, A. L. (2010). The effects of tourism development on rural livelihoods in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18, 635–656.
  • Mitchell, R. E., & Reid, D. G. (2001). Community integration: Island tourism in Peru. Annals of Tourism Research, 28, 113–139.
  • Mmopelwa, G. (2006). Economic and financial analysis of harvesting and utilisation of river reeds in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Environmental Management, 79, 329–335.
  • Molera, L., & Albaladejo, I. P. (2006). Profiling segments of tourists in rural areas of South-Eastern Spain. Tourism Management, 28, 757–767.
  • Moswete, N. N. (2009). Stakeholder perspectives on the potential for community-based ecotourism development and support for the Kgalagadi Trans-frontier Park in Botswana  (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Florida, Gainesville.
  • Oliver, T., & Jenkins, T. (2003). Sustaining rural landscapes: The role of integrated tourism. Landscape Research, 28, 293–307.
  • Osei-Hwedie, K. (2004). Poverty eradication in Botswana: Towards the realisation of vision 2016. Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, 18, 7–18.
  • Paniagua, A., & Moyano, E. (2007). Public right and private interest in selected recreation initiatives in rural Spain: A sociological perspective. Tourism Geographies, 9, 275–295.
  • Phuthego, T. C., & Chanda, R. (2004). Traditional ecological knowledge and community-based natural resource management: Lessons from a Botswana wildlife management area. Applied Geography, 24, 57–76.
  • Roberts, L., & Hall, D. (2001). Rural tourism and recreation: Principles to practice. Wallingford: CABI.
  • Rogerson, C. M. (2012a). Tourism-agriculture linkages in rural South Africa: Evidence from the accommodation sector. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20, 477–495.
  • Rogerson, C. M. (2012b). Strengthening agriculture-tourism linkages in the developing world: Opportunities, barriers and current initiatives. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7, 616–623.
  • Saarinen, J. (2007). Contradictions of rural tourism initiatives in rural development contexts: Case Finnish rural tourism strategy. Current Issues in Tourism, 10, 96–105.
  • Saarinen, J. (2014). Critical sustainability: Setting the limits to growth and responsibility in tourism. Sustainability, 6(11), 1–17.
  • Saarinen, J., & Lenao, M. (2014). Integrating tourism to rural development and planning in the developing countries. Development Southern Africa, 31, 363–372.
  • Saarinen, J., Moswete, N., & Monare, M. J. (2014). Cultural tourism: New opportunities for diversifying the tourism industry in Botswana. Bulletin of Geography: Socio-Economic Series, 26, 7–18.
  • Saxena, G., Clark, G., Oliver, T., & Ilbery, B. (2007). Conceptualising integrated rural tourism. Tourism Geographies, 9, 347–370.
  • Saxena, G., & Ilbery, B. (2008). Integrated rural tourism: A border case study. Annals of Tourism Research, 35, 233–254.
  • Saxena, G., & Ilbery, B. (2010). Developing integrated rural tourism: Actor practices in the English/Welsh border. Journal of Rural Studies, 26, 260–271.
  • Sharpley, R., & Sharpley, J. (1997). Rural tourism: An introduction. London: International Thomson Business Press.
  • Stone, L. S., & Stone, T. M. (2011). Community-based tourism enterprises: Challenges and prospects for community participation: Khama Rhino Sanctuary Trust, Botswana. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19, 97–114.
  • UNWTO. (2008, July). Policy for the growth and development if tourism in Botswana. UNWTO/Government of Botswana project for the formulation of a tourism policy for Botswana. Gaborone: UNWTO and Department of Tourism,.
  • Van Waarden, C. (1998). The late iron age. In P. Lane, A. Reid, & A. Segobye (Eds.), Ditswammung: The archaeology of Botswana (pp. 115–156). Botswana Notes and Records, Pula Press and The Botswana Society.
  • Walker, N. (1994). The late stone age of Botswana: Some recent excavations. Botswana Notes and Records, 26, 1–35.
  • Wall, G. (1997). Integrating integrated resorts. Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 713–717.
  • Walle, A. H. (1997). Quantitative versus qualitative tourism research. Annals of Tourism Research, 24, 524–536.
  • Ward, N., & Lowe, P. (2004). Europeanizing rural development? International Planning Studies, 9, 121–137.
  • World Tourism Organization (WTO). (1997). World tourism leaders meeting: The social impacts of tourism final report. Madrid: WTO.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.