How basic bryophyte recording provides information on major changes in key conservation localities: a case study of Epping Forest, England, an internationally significant site

References

• Adams KJ. 1974. Bryophytes. In: Jermyn ST. Flora of Essex. Colchester: Essex Naturalists’ Trust Ltd; p. 229–271.
   Google Scholar
• Adams KJ. 1992. Mosses and liverworts. In: Hanson MW, editor. Epping Forest: through the eye of the naturalist. London: The Essex Field Club; p. 86–91.
   Google Scholar
• Adams KJ. 1996. Post 1974 additions to the bryophyte floras of Watsonian vice counties 18 and 19. Part I: mosses and liverworts. Essex Naturalist New Series. 13:32–42.
   Google Scholar
• Adams KJ. 2004. The floating liverworts of Essex. Essex Naturalist New Series. 21:143–39.
   Google Scholar
• Adams KJ. 2017. The topology and vegetational history of some Epping Forest Sphagnum bogs. Unpublished report to the City of London Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Adams KJ, Adams JM. 1969. Progress towards a contemporary bryophyte flora of Essex. Essex Naturalist. 32:207–214.
   Google Scholar
• Adams KJ, Preston CD. 1992. Evidence for the effects of atmospheric pollution on bryophytes from national and local recording. In: Harding PT, editor. Biological recording of changes in British wildlife. London: HMSO; p. 31–43.
   Google Scholar
• Adams KJ, Pyner T. 2014. An interim historical account of the hornworts and liverworts of Essex. Part one. Essex Naturalist New Series. 31:176–215.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1900. Field demonstration meeting and special and ordinary meeting. Essex Naturalist. 11:258–260.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1910. Moss and lichen foray in Epping Forest and 280th ordinary meeting. Essex Naturalist. 16:179–181.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1915. Cryptogamic foray in Epping Forest. Essex Naturalist. 18:32–33.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1920. Cryptogamic foray in Epping Forest (508th meeting). Essex Naturalist. 19:176–177.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1923. Moss hunt in Epping Forest (560th meeting). Essex Naturalist. 20:240–241.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1927. Cryptogamic foray – Chingford to High Beach (587th meeting). Essex Naturalist. 21:121–122.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1928. Cryptogamic foray in Epping Forest (633rd meeting). Essex Naturalist. 22:172–173.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1932. Cryptogamic foray (693rd meeting). Essex Naturalist. 23:260–264.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1937. Cryptogamic foray (767th meeting). Essex Naturalist. 25:278–279.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1951. Cryptogamic foray in Epping Forest (881st meeting). Essex Naturalist. 28:94–95.
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 1961. Annual report of the Botanical Group, 1960. Essex Naturalist. 30:340–341.
   Google Scholar
• APIS. 2022. Air Pollution Information System. [accessed 2022 February 17]. http://www.apis.ac.uk.
   Google Scholar
• Bealey WJ, Dore AJ. 2017. Source attribution – deposition of nitrogen and sulphur to UK protected sites. Lancaster: NERC Environmental Information Data Centre [dataset]. https://doi.org/10.5285/c4c2c5ae-d926-4ee0-b069-6479ecab2787.
   Google Scholar
• Blockeel TL, Bell NE, Hill MO, Hodgetts NG, Long DG, Pilkington SL, Rothero GP. 2021. A new checklist of the bryophytes of Britain and Ireland, 2020. Journal of Bryology. 43(1):1–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/03736687.2020.1860866.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bobbink R, Hettelingh JP, editors. 2011. Review and revision of empirical critical loads and dose–response relationships. Bilthoven: Coordination Centre for Effects, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM).
   Google Scholar
• Buxton EN. 1901. Epping Forest. London: Stanford.
   Google Scholar
• Chittenden FJ. 1905. The mosses of Essex: a contribution to the flora of the county. Essex Naturalist. 14:235–236.
   Google Scholar
• DEFRA. 2022. Emissions of air pollutants. [accessed 2022 Feb 18]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants.
   Google Scholar
• Gadsdon SR, Power SA. 2009. Quantifying local traffic contributions to NO2 and NH3 concentrations in natural habitats. Environmental Pollution. 157(10):2845–2852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.04.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanson MW. 1992a. The pollard trees. In: Hanson MW, editor. Epping Forest: through the eye of the naturalist. London: The Essex Field Club; p. 18–25.
   Google Scholar
• Hanson MW. 1992b. Grazing on the Forest. In: Hanson MW, editor. Epping Forest: through the eye of the naturalist. London: The Essex Field Club; p. 26–31.
   Google Scholar
• Hill MO, Preston CD. 2014. Changes in distribution and abundance, 1960–2013. In: Blockeel TL, Bosanquet SDS, Hill MO, Preston CD, editors. Atlas of British and Irish bryophytes, Vol. 1. Newbury: Pisces Publications; p. 34–49.
   Google Scholar
• Hill MO, Preston CD, Bosanquet SDS, Roy DB. 2007. BRYOATT: attributes of British and Irish mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Wallingford: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann S, Beierkuhnlein C, Field R, Provenzale A, Chiarucci A. 2018. Uniqueness of protected areas for conservation strategies in the European Union. Scientific Reports. 8:6445. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24390-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joint Nature Conservation Committee. 2019. Sixth National Report to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Peterborough: JNCC.
   Google Scholar
• Levy PE, Smith RI, Tang YS, Stedman JR. 2020. Deposition of nitrogen, sulphur and base cations to the UK (1986–2012). Lancaster: NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.5285/8e7644fe-9f17-4fc3-8e4e-8b10a42d5d50.
   Google Scholar
• Marriott StJ. 1930. The hepatics of Essex. Essex Naturalist. 22:74–81.
   Google Scholar
• Pakeman RJ, Brooker RW, O’Brien D, Genney D. 2019. Using species records and ecological attributes of bryophytes to develop an ecosystem health indicator. Ecological Indicators. 104:127–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.04.084.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pescott OL, Simkin JM, August TA, Randle Z, Dore AJ, Botham MS. 2015. Air pollution and its effects on lichens, bryophytes, and lichen-feeding Lepidoptera: review and evidence from biological records. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 115(3):611–635. https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12541.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettifer AJ. 1968. A bryophyte flora of Essex. Essex Naturalist. 32:83–155.
   Google Scholar
• Proctor MCF. 2011. Climatic responses and limits of bryophytes: comparisons and contrasts with vascular plants. In: Tuba Z, Slack N, Stark L, editors. Bryophyte ecology and climate change. New York: Cambridge University Press; pp. 35–54.
   Google Scholar
• R Core Team. 2019. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org.
   Google Scholar
• Saunders E. 1960. Bryophyte notes for the year 1959. Essex Naturalist. 30(4):244–246.
   Google Scholar
• Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. 2010. COP 10 Decision X/2: X/2. Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020. http://www.cbd.int/decision/cop/?id=12268.
   Google Scholar
• Sherrin WR. 1932. A list of the hepatics of Essex. Essex Naturalist. 23:135–136.
   Google Scholar
• Starnes T, Beresford AE, Buchanan GM, Lewis M, Hughes A, Gregory RD. 2021. The extent and effectiveness of protected areas in the UK. Global Ecology and Conservation. 30:p.e01745.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar