Defining and measuring time poverty in South Africa

References

• Alkire, S & Foster, J, 2011a. Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of Public Economics 95(7–8), 476–487.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alkire, S & Foster, J, 2011b. Understandings and misunderstandings of multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of Economic Inequality 9(2), 289–314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alkire, S & Santos, ME, 2010. Acute multidimensional poverty: a new index for developing countries. OPHI Working Paper No. 38. Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative (OPHI), Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Antonopoulos, R, Masterson, T & Zacharias, A, 2012a. The interlocking of time and income deficits: Revisiting poverty measurement, informing policy responses. Undoing knots, innovating for change series. The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Antonopoulos, R, Masterson, T & Zacharias, A, 2012b. Uncovering the hidden poor: the importance of time deficits. The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Antonopoulos, R & Memis, E, 2010. Time and poverty from a developing country perspective. Levy Economics Institute Working Paper No. 600. Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Arora, D, 2015. Gender differences in time-poverty in rural Mozambique. Review of Social Economy 73(2), 196–221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bardasi, E & Wodon, Q, 2006. Chapter 4: Measuring Time Poverty and Analysing Its Determinants: Concepts and Application to Guniea. In Blackden, CM & Wodon, Q (Eds.), Gender, time use, and poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank, Washington DC, 75–96.
   Google Scholar
• Bardasi, E & Wodon, Q, 2010. Working long hours and having no choice: time poverty in Guinea. Feminist Economics 16(3), 45–78.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhorat, H, Oosthuizen, M & Van der Westhuizen, C, 2012. Estimating a poverty line: An application to free municipal services in South Africa. Development Southern Africa 29(1), 77–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhorat, H, Stanwix, B & Yu, D, 2014. Non-income welfare and inclusive growth in South Africa. DPRU Working Paper 201407. Development Policy Research Unit University of Cape Town, Rondebosch.
   Google Scholar
• Blackden, CM & Wodon, Q, 2006. Chapter 1: gender, time use, and poverty: introduction. In Blackden, CM & Wodon, Q (Eds.), Gender, time use, and poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank, Washington DC, 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Booysen, F, Van der Berg, S, Burger, R, Maltitz, MV & Rand, GD, 2008. Using an asset index to assess trends in poverty in seven Sub-Saharan African countries. World Development 36(6), 1113–1130.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burchardt, T, 2010. Time, income and substantive freedom: A capability approach. Time and Society 19(3), 318–344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakravarty, SR & D’Ambrosio, C, 2006. The measurement of social exclusion. Review of Income and Wealth 52(3), 377–398.
   Google Scholar
• Chatzitheochari, S & Arber, S, 2012. Class, gender and time poverty: a time-use analysis of British workers’ free time resources. British Journal of Sociology 63(3), 451–471.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fransman, T & Yu, D, 2019. Multidimensional poverty in South Africa in 2001-16. Development Southern Africa 36(1), 50–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gammage, S, 2006. Exporting people and recruiting remittances: a development strategy for El Salvador? Latin American Perspectives 33(6), 75–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodin, RE, Rice, JM, Parpo, A & Eriksson, L, 2008. Discretionary time: A new measure of freedom. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
   Google Scholar
• Hamermesh, DS & Pfann, GA, 2005. Time-use data in economics. European Economic Review 49(1), 1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey, AS & Mukhopadhyay, AK, 2007. When twenty-four hours is not enough: time poverty of working parents. Social Indicators Research 82(1), 57–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayaraj, D & Subramanian, S, 2010. A Chakravarty-D'Ambrosio view of multidimensional deprivation: Some estimates for India. Economic and Political Weekly 45(6), 53–65.
   Google Scholar
• Kalenkoski, CM, Hamrick, KS & Andrews, M, 2011. Time poverty thresholds and rates for the US population. Social Indicators Research 104(1), 129–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kes, A & Swaminathan, H, 2006. Chapter 2: Gender and poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. In Blackden, CM & Wodon, Q (Eds.), Gender, time use, and poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank, Washington DC, 13–38.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, SG, 2015. Fuzzy multidimensional poverty measurement: An analysis of statistical behaviors. Social Indicators Research 120(3), 635–667.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kizilirmark, B & Memis, E, 2009. The unequal burden of poverty on time use. Working Paper No. 572. The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Lawson, D, 2008. A gendered analysis of time poverty: the importance of infrastructure. Economic and Social Research Council Global Poverty Research Group Working Paper Series 078. University of Oxford, Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Leibbrandt, M & Woolard, I, 1999. A comparison of poverty in South Africa’s nine provinces. Development Southern Africa 16(1), 37–54.
   Google Scholar
• Lindskog, H & Brege, S, 2002. Time-rich and Time-Poor Consumer Behavior the Importance of Time in Market Segmentation. In H Lindskog & S Brege (Eds.), MODEST 2002: transition & transformation: problems and models. Systems Research Institute, Warsaw, 9–18.
   Google Scholar
• McKenzie, DJ, 2005. Measuring inequality with asset indicators. Journal of Population Economics 18(1), 229–260.
   Google Scholar
• Merz, J & Rathjen, T, 2014a. Multidimensional time and income poverty: well-being gap and minimum 2DGAP poverty intensity – German evidence. Journal of Economic Inequality 12(4), 555–580.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merz, J & Rathjen, T, 2014b. Time and income poverty: an interdependent multidimensional poverty approach with German time use diary data. Review of Income and Wealth 60(3), 450–479.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nackerdien, F & Yu, D, 2021. Examining time use patterns in South Africa, 2000-2010. Development Southern Africa. [Online]. doi:10.1080/0376835X.2021.1913999
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saqib, N & Arif, GM, 2012. Time poverty, work status and gender: the case of Pakistan. PIDE-Working Papers 2012: 81. Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad.
   Google Scholar
• Nackerdien, F & Yu, D, 2021. Examining time use patterns in South Africa. Development Southern Africa. doi:10.1080/0376835X.2021.1913999.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Noh, H & Kim, KS, 2015. Revisiting the ‘feminisation of poverty’ in korea: focused on time use and time poverty. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development 25(2), 96–110.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orkoh, E, Blaauw, PF & Claassen, C, 2020. Relative effects of income and consumption poverty on time poverty in Ghana. Social Indicators Research 147(2), 465–499.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravallion, M, 1992. Poverty comparisons: a guide to concepts and methods. Living Standards Measurements Study Working Paper No 88. World Bank, Washington DC.
   Google Scholar
• Ravallion, M, 1994. Poverty comparisons. Harwood Academic Publishers, Chur.
   Google Scholar
• Ribeiro, LL & Marinho, E, 2012. Time poverty in Brazil: measurement and analysis of its determinants. Estudos Econômicos 42(2), 285–306.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics South Africa, 2001. A survey of time use: how South Africa women and men spend their time. Statistics South Africa, Pretoria.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics South Africa, 2015. Methodological report on rebasing of national poverty lines and development of pilot provincial poverty lines: Technical report. Statistics South Africa, Pretoria.
   Google Scholar
• Van der Berg, S, Nieftagodien, S & Burger, R, 2003. Consumption patterns and living standards of the black population in perspective. Paper presented at the Economics Society of South Africa Conference, Somerset West, 3–5 September.
   Google Scholar
• Vermaark, C, 2008. The impact of multiple imputation of coarsened data on estimates of the working poor in South Africa. Paper presented at the Development Policy Research Unit (DPRU) Conference, Muldersdrift, 1–4 October.
   Google Scholar
• Vickery, C, 1977. The time-poor: A new look at poverty. The Journal of Human Resources 12(1), 27–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vyas, S & Kumaranayake, L, 2006. Constructing socio-economic status indices: How to use principal component analysis. Health Policy and Planning 21(6), 459–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, J, 2016. Education, time-poverty and well-being. Theory and Research in Education 14(2), 213–225.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Bank, 2001. World Development report 2000/2001: attacking poverty. World Bank, Washington DC.
   Google Scholar