Publication Cover
International Review of Sociology
Revue Internationale de Sociologie
Volume 19, 2009 - Issue 1
964
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Monographic Section: Equality and difference in a multicultural society

Gender differences and equality issues in Europe: critical aspects of gender mainstreaming policies

Pages 171-188 | Received 01 Jun 2008, Published online: 18 Mar 2009

References

  • Acker , J. 1989 . Doing comparable worth: gender, class and pay equity , Philadelphia : Temple University Press .
  • Anttonen , A. and Sipilä , J. 1997 . European social care services: is it possible to identify models? . Journal of european social policy , 6 ( 2 ) : 87 – 100 .
  • Arnot , M. , Araujo , H. , Deliyanni , K. and Ivinson , G. 2000 . Changing femininity, changing concepts of citizenship in public and private spheres . European journal of women's studies , 7 ( 2 ) : 149 – 168 .
  • Bleijenbergh , I. , de Bruijn , J. and Bussemaker , J. 2004 . European social citizenship and gender: the part-time work directive . European journal of industrial relations , 10 ( 3 ) : 309 – 328 .
  • Bock , G. and James , S. 1992 . Beyond equality and difference: citizenship, feminist politics and female subjectivity . London and New York : Routledge .
  • Bould , S. 2006 . The need for international family policy: mothers as carers and as workers . Journal of marriage and family , 39 .
  • Bould , S. and Schmaus , G. 2008 . “ La tabella di marcia dell'unione europea (2006–2010). Un'indipendenza economica uguale per le donne e gli uomini ” . In Sociologia e politiche sociali , Edited by: Bould , S. and Crespi , I. Milano : FrancoAngeli .
  • Bulmer , M. and Rees , A.M. 1996 . “ Conclusions: citizenship in the twenty-first century ” . In Citizenship today. The contemporary relevance of T. H. Marshall , Edited by: Bulmer , M. and Rees , A.M. 269 – 284 . London : UCL Press .
  • Bussemaker , J. and Van Kersbergen , K. 1995 . “ Gender and welfare states: some theoretical reflections ” . In Gendering welfare states , Edited by: Sainsbury , D. London : Sage .
  • Bustelo , M. 2003 . Evaluation of gender mainstreaming ideas from a meta-evaluation study . Evaluation , 9 ( 4 ) : 383 – 403 .
  • Crespi , I. 2007 . “ Gender mainstreaming and reconciliation policies in Europe: perspectives and dilemmas ” . In Gender mainstreaming and family policy in Europe: perspectives, researches and debates , Edited by: Crespi , I. 13 – 98 . Macerata : Eum .
  • Crespi , I. 2008a . Differenze di gender, famiglia e politiche di conciliazione in Europa: alcune riflessioni critiche . Sociologia e politiche sociali . n. 1, anno 8 . Milano : FrancoAngeli , pp. 9 – 33 .
  • Crespi , I. 2008b , forthcoming . Gender, family and work in the European cultural and social model: some critical aspects In: I. Crespi and P. Strohmeier . Family, gender and work in Europe: social policies facing structural and cultural changes . Special issue of Journal of societal and social policy , 7 (3) .
  • Crompton , R. 1998 . Women's employment and state policies . Innovation , 11 ( 2 ) : 129 – 146 .
  • Daly , M. and Lewis , J. 1999 . “ Introduction: conceptualising social care in the context of welfare state restructuring ” . In Gender, social care and state restructuring in Europe , Edited by: Lewis , J. Aldershot : Ashgate .
  • Daly , M. and Lewis , J. 2000 . The concept of social care and the analysis of contemporary welfare states . British journal of sociology , 5 ( 2 ) : 281 – 298 .
  • De Clementi , A. 2003 . Il genere dell'europa. Le radici comuni della cultura europea e l'identità di genere . Quaderni/Dottorato di ricerca Storia delle donne e dell'identità del genere , 3 . Roma : Biblink .
  • Donati , P. 2003 . La famiglia come capitale sociale primario . In: Famiglia e capitale sociale nella società italiana. Ottavo rapporto Cisf sulla famiglia in Italia . San Paolo : Cinisello Balsamo , 31 – 101 .
  • Donati , P. 2005a . Quale conciliazione tra famiglia e lavoro? La prospettiva relazionale , In: Famiglia e lavoro: dal conflitto a nuove sinergie . San Paolo : Cinisello Balsamo , 31 – 84 .
  • Donati , P. 2005b . Per un nuovo welfare locale ‘family friendly’: la sfida delle politiche relazionali . In: Famiglie e politiche di welfare in Italia: interventi e pratiche. Osservatorio Nazionale sulla Famiglia , vol. 1 . Bologna : Il Mulino , 169 – 197 .
  • Drew , E. Emerek , R. and Mahon , E. 1998 . Women, work, and the family in Europe . London : Routledge ,.
  • Duncan , S. 1995 . Theorizing European gender systems . Journal of European social policy , 5 ( 4 ) : 263 – 84 .
  • Ellina , C.A. 2003 . Promoting women's rights: the politics of gender in the European Union , New York : Routledge .
  • Evans , J. 1995 . Feminist theory today: an introduction to second-wave feminism , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Evans , S.M. and Nelson , B.J. 1989 . Wage justice: comparable worth and the paradox of technocratic reform . Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press ,.
  • Guerrina , R. 2002 . Mothering in Europe: feminist critique of European policies on motherhood and employment . European journal of women's studies , 9 ( 1 ) : 49 – 68 .
  • Hafner-Burton , E. and Pollack , M.A. 2002 . Mainstreaming gender in global governance . European journal of international relations , 8 ( 3 ) : 339 – 373 .
  • Hakim , C. 2003 . The search for equality . Work and occupations , 30 ( 4 ) : 401 – 411 .
  • Hantrais , L. and Ackers , P. 2005 . Women's choices in Europe: striking the work–life balance . European journal of industrial relations , 11 ( 2 ) : 197 – 212 .
  • Helms , M.M. and Guffey , C.J. 1997 . The role of women in Europe . European business review , 97 ( 2 ) : 80 – 84 .
  • Hervey , T. and Shaw , J. 1998 . Women, work and care: women's dual role and double burden in EC sex equality law . Journal of European social policy , 8 ( 1 ) : 43 – 63 .
  • Hoskyns , C. 1985 . Women's equality and the European community . Feminist review , 20 : 70 – 88 .
  • Hoskyns , C. 1996 . Integrating gender: women, law and politics in the European Union , London : Verso .
  • Kimmel , M.S. 2000 . The gendered society , Oxford University Press, New York .
  • Knijn , T. and Kremer , M. 1998 . Gender and the caring dimension of welfare states: towards inclusive citizenship . Social politics , 4 ( 3 ) : 328 – 361 .
  • Kirton , G. and Greene , A.-M. 2005 . Gender, equality and industrial relations in the new Europe: an introduction . European journal of industrial relations , 11 ( 2 ) : 141 – 149 .
  • Jewson , N. and Mason , D. 1986 . The theory and practice of equal opportunities policies: liberal and radical approaches . Sociological review , 34 ( 2 ) : 307 – 334 .
  • Lewis , J. 1999 . Gender, social care and state restructuring in Europe . Aldershot : Ashgate .
  • Lewis , J. 2003 . Women and social policies in Europe , Aldershot : Edward Elgar, Aldershot .
  • Lister , R. 1997 . Citizenship: feminist perspectives , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
  • Lister , R. 1998 . Citizenship and difference: towards a differentiated universalism . European journal of social theory , 1 : 71 – 90 .
  • Lombardo , E. 2003 . EU gender policy trapped in the ‘Wollstonecraft dilemma’? . European journal of women's studies , 10 ( 2 ) : 159 – 180 .
  • Lombardo , E. and Meier , P. 2006 . Gender mainstreaming in the EU: incorporating a feminist reading? . European journal of women's studies , 13 ( 2 ) : 151 – 166 .
  • Marshall , T.H. 1963 . Sociology at the crossroads , London : Heinemann .
  • Meehan , E. and Collins , E. 1996 . “ Women, the European Union and Britain ” . In Women in politics , Edited by: Lovenduski , J. and Norris , P. 223 – 236 . Oxford : Oxford University Press/Hansard Society .
  • Offen , K. 1988 . Defining feminism: a comparative historical approach . Signs , 14 ( 1 ) : 119 – 157 .
  • Orloff , A. 1993 . Gender and the social rights of citizenship: the comparative analysis of gender relations and the welfare states . American sociological review , 58 : 303 – 328 .
  • Pascall , G. and Lewis , J. 2004 . Emerging gender regimes and policies for gender equality in a wider Europe . Journal of social policy , 33 ( 3 ) : 373 – 394 .
  • Pateman , C. 1988 . The sexual contract , Cambridge : Polity Press .
  • Pateman , C. 1989 . The disorder of women , Cambridge : Polity Press .
  • Pfau-Effinger , B. 2004 . Development of culture, welfare state and women's employment in Europe , London : Ashgate .
  • Phillips , A. 1987 . Feminism and equality . Oxford : Blackwell .
  • Prandini , R. 2006 . “ Framing Europe: l'emergere di un welfare state attivo ‘mother friendly’ e le sue conseguenze per la famiglia ” . In La famiglia: decostruzioni e ridistinzioni. Sociologia e politiche sociali , Edited by: Bertocchi , F. 69 – 108 . Milano : FrancoAngeli .
  • Rees , T. 1998 . Mainstreaming equality in the European Union: education, training and labour market policies , New York : Routledge .
  • Roche , M. and Van Berkel , R. 1997 . European citizenship and social exclusion . Aldershot : Ashgate .
  • Rossilli , M. 2000 . Gender policies in the European union . London : Peter Lang .
  • Rubery , J. 2002 . Gender mainstreaming and gender equality in the EU: the impact of the EU employment strategy . Industrial relations journal , 33 ( 5 ) : 500 – 522 .
  • Rubery , J. , Smith , M. and Fagan , C. 1999 . Women's employment in Europe: trends and prospects , London : Routledge .
  • Rubery , J. , Grimshaw , D. , Fagan , C. , Figueiredo , H. and Smith , M. 2003 . Gender equality still on the European agenda: but for how long? . Industrial relations journal , 34 ( 5 ) : 477 – 497 .
  • Ruprecht , L. 2003 . UNESCO'S gender mainstreaming implementation framework (GMIF) for 2002–2007 . Unesco, Bureau of Strategic planning-Section for women and gender equality, September .
  • Sjöberg , O. 2004 . The role of family policy institutions in explaining gender-role attitudes: a comparative multilevel analysis of thirteen industrialized countries . Journal of European social policy , 14 ( 2 ) : 107 – 123 .
  • Stratigaki , M. 2000 . “ The European union and the equal opportunities process ” . In Gendered policies in Europe: reconciling employment and family life , Edited by: Hantrais , L. 26 – 48 . London : Macmillan .
  • Stratigaki , M. 2005 . Gender mainstreaming vs. positive action. An ongoing conflict in EU gender equality policy . European journal of women's studies , 12 ( 2 ) : 165 – 186 .
  • Taylor , D. 1989 . Citizenship and social policy . Critical social policy , 26 : 19 – 31 .
  • Taylor-Gooby , P. 2004 . New risks, new welfare. The transformation of the European welfare state . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Turner , B. 1992 . Citizenship and social theory , London : Sage .
  • United Nations , 2002 . Gender mainstreaming. An overview . Office of the special Adviser on Gender issues and advancement of women .
  • United Nations , 2005 . Taking action: achieving gender equality and empowering women . London : Earthscan .
  • Verloo , M. 2006 . Multiple inequalities, intersectionality and the European Union . European journal of women's studies , 13 ( 3 ) : 211 – 228 .
  • Walby , S. 2001 . From community to coalition. The politics of recognition as the handmaiden of the politics of equality in an era of globalization . Theory, culture and society , 18 ( 2–3 ) : 113 – 135 .
  • Walby , S. and Olsen , W. 2002 . The impact of women's position in the labour market on pay and implications for UK productivity , London : DTI. Women and Equality Unit .
  • Williams , J. 2000 . Unbending gender: why family and work conflict and what to do about it , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Wollstonecraft , M. 1992 . The vindication of the rights of women , London : Penguin Classics .
  • Zetlin , D. and Whitehouse , G. 2003 . Gendering industrial citizenship . British journal of industrial relations , 41 ( 4 ) : 773 – 788 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.