Virulence and diversity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Ethiopia

References

• Andrivon , D. and de Vallavielle Pope , C. 1995 . Race diversity and complexity in selected populations of fungal biotrophic pathogens of cereals . Phytopathology , 85 : 897 – 905 .
   Google Scholar
• Badebo , A. , Andarge , A. , Girma , B. and Payne , T. Double sources of resistance to Puccinia triformis and P. graminis f. sp. tritici in CIMMYT bread wheat lines . Proceedings of the 9th Biannual Conference . June 22–23 1999 , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. pp. 11 Addis Ababa, , Ethiopia : Crop Science Society of Ethiopia .
   Google Scholar
• Badebo , A. 2002 . Breeding bread wheat with multiple disease resistance and high yield for the Ethiopian highlands: broadening the genetic basis of yellow rust and tan spot resistance , Gottingen, , Germany : Georg-August University . Ph.D. thesis
   Google Scholar
• Bekele , G. and Tanner , D. G. Status of cereal production and pathology research in Ethiopia: breeding for disease resistance with emphasis on durability . Proceedings of a regional wheat workshop for Eastern, Central and Southern Africa . Oct 2–6 1994 . Edited by: Danial , D. L. pp. 42 – 50 . Njoro, , Kenya : CIMMYT .
   Google Scholar
• Ensermu , R. , Mwangi , W. , Verkujjl , H. , Hassena , M. and Alemayehu , Z. 1998 . Farmers‘ wheat seed sources and seed management in Chilalo Awraja , Addis Ababa, , Ethiopia : Institute of Agricultural Research . Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo, Mexico D.F., Mexico
   Google Scholar
• Eshetu , B. A review of research on diseases of barley, tef and wheat in Ethiopia: A review of crop protection research in Ethiopia . Proceedings of the First Ethiopian Crop Protection Symposium . Feb 4–7 1985 , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Edited by: Abate , Tsedeke . pp. 9 – 108 . Addis Ababa, , Ethiopia : Institute of Agricultural Research .
   Google Scholar
• Felsenstein , F. G. and Jaser , B. 2000 . “ Wirksamkeit der vertikalen Mehltauresistenz bei Weizen und Gerste und Fungizidempfindlichkeit des Weizen- und Gerstenmehltaus ” . In Agrarforschung Ba-den-Württemberg: Forschungsreport VII 2000 , 99 – 102 . Stuttgart, , Germany : Ministerium Ländlicher Raum Baden-Württemberg . Kurzgefasste Darstellung von Forschungsar-beiten mit Ergebnissen und Bedeutung für die Praxis
   Google Scholar
• Gebre-Mariam , H. 1991 . “ Wheat production and research in Ethiopia ” . In Wheat research in Ethiopia: a historical perspective , Edited by: Gebre-Mariam , H. , D.G , Tanner and Hulluka , M. Addis Ababa, , Ethiopia : Ethiopian Institute for Agricultural Research .
   Google Scholar
• Gilmour , J. 1973 . Octal notation for designating physiologic races of plant pathogens . Nature (Lond.) , 242 : 620
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groth , J. V. and Roelfs , A. P. 1987 . The concept and measurement of phenotypic diversity in Puccinia graminis in wheat . Phytopathology , 77 : 1395 – 1399 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hailu , G. 1991 . Wheat production in Ethiopia: Wheat production and research in Ethiopia , Edited by: Gebre-Mariam , H. , Tanner , D. G. and Hulluka , M. Addis Ababa, , Ethiopia : Institute of Agricultural Research . Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo, Mexico D.F., Mexico
   Google Scholar
• Herrmann , A. , Löwer , C. F. and Schachtel , G. A. 1999 . A new tool for entry and analysis of virulence data for plant pathogens . Plant Pathol. , 48 : 154 – 158 .
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs , T. H. and Parlevliet , J. E. 1993 . Durability of disease resistance , Dordrecht, , the Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , R. , Stubbs , R. W. , Fuchs , E. and Chamberlain , N. H. 1972 . Nomenclature for physiologic races of Puccinia striiformis infecting wheat . Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. , 58 : 475 – 480 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klocke , B. 2004 . Virulenzstruktur und-dynamik des Roggenbraunrostes (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland , Halle, , Germany : Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg .
   Google Scholar
• Kosman , E. 1996 . Difference and diversity of plant pathogen populations: a new approach for measuring . Phytopathology , 86 : 1152 – 1155 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosman , E. 2003 . Nei's gene diversity and the index of average differences are identical measures of diversity within populations . Plant Pathol. , 52 : 533 – 535 .
   Google Scholar
• Kosman , E. and Leonard , K. J. 2007 . Conceptual analysis of methods applied to assessment of diversity within and distance between populations with asexual or mixed mode of reproduction . New Phytol. , 174 : 683 – 696 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosman , E. , Dinoor , A. , Herrmann , A. and Schachtel , G. A. 2008 . Virulence analysis tool (VAT) user manual , Ramat Aviv, , Israel : Tel Aviv University .
   Google Scholar
• Line , R. F. and Chen , X. 1995 . Success in breeding for and managing durable resistance to wheat rusts . Plant Dis. , 9 : 1254 – 1255 .
   Google Scholar
• Löwer , C. 1999 . “ Koevolution in Hordeum spontaneum und Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei ” . In Populationen der Westtürkei , Giessen, , Germany : Shaker Verlag Aachen, Justus Liebig-Universität Giessen . Ph.D. dissertation
   Google Scholar
• MacNeal , F. H. , Konzak , C. F. , Smith , E. P. , Tate , W. S. and Russell , T. S. 1971 . A uniform system for recording and processing cereal research data , Washington, D.C : US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service . U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv. Bull. 34-112
   Google Scholar
• Manisterski , J. , Eyal , Z. , Ben-Yehuda , P. and Kosman , E. 2000 . Comparative analysis of indices in the study of virulence diversity between and within populations of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici in Israel . Phytopathology , 90 : 601 – 607 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller , K. , McDermott , M. J. , Wolfe , M. S. and Limpert , E. 1996 . Analysis of diversity in populations of plant pathogens: the barely powdery mildew pathogen across Europe . Eur. J. Plant Pathol. , 102 : 385 – 395 .
   Google Scholar
• Nei , M. 1973 . Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 70 : 3321 – 3323 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheldon , A. L. 1969 . Equitability indices: dependence on the species count . Ecology , 50 : 466 – 467 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson , E. H. 1949 . Measurement of diversity . Nature (Lond.) , 163 : 688
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stubbs , R. W. 1988 . “ Pathogenicity analysis of yellow (stripe) rust of wheat and its significance in global context ” . In Breeding strategies for resistance to rusts of wheat , Edited by: Simmonds , N. W. and Rajaram , S. 23 – 28 . Mexico D.F., , Mexico : Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo .
   Google Scholar
• Tessema , T. and Belay , G. 1991 . “ Aspects of Ethiopia tetraploid wheats with emphasis on durum wheat genetics and breeding ” . In Wheat research in Ethiopia: a historical perspective , Edited by: Gebre-Mariam , H. , Tanner , D. G. and Hulluka , M. 47 – 71 . Addis Ababa, , Ethiopia : Ethiopian Institute for Agriclutural Research . Centro Internaional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo, Mexico D.F., Mexico
   Google Scholar
• Villaral , L. M. M. A. , Lannou , C. , de Vallavieille-Pope , C. and Neema , C. 2002 . Genetic variability in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici populations sampled on a local scale during natural epidemics . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 68 : 6138 – 6145 .
   Google Scholar
• Welz , G. 1986 . Struktur und Dynamic der Virulenz in Populationen von Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei Marchal , Giessen, , Germany : Justus Liebig-Universität Giessen . Ph.D. dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Wellings , C. R. , Singh , R. P. , McIntosh , R. A. and Pretorius , Z. A. The development and application of near isogenic lines for the stripe (yellow) rust pathosystem . Proceedings of the 11th International Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Conference . Norwich, UK. Norwich, , UK : John Innes Centre . Abstr. A.1.39
   Google Scholar
• White , J. W. , Tanner , D. G. and Corbett , J. D. 2001 . An agro-climatological characterization of bread wheat production area in Ethiopia , Mexico D.F., , Mexico : Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo . NRG.GIS Ser. 0101
   Google Scholar
• Yahyaoui , A. , Hakim , S. , Al-Naimi , M. and Nachit , M. M. 2000 . “ Multiple disease resistance in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) ” . In Durum wheat improvement in the Mediterranean region: new challenges , Edited by: Royo , C. , Nachit , M. M. , Di Fonzo , N. and Araus , J. L. 387 – 392 . Zaragoza, , Spain : Centre International des Haute Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes . Semin. Medit. No. 40.
   Google Scholar