Management of phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici) on vegetables in Ontario: some greenhouse and field aspects

References

• Abbasi PA, Lazarovits G, Weselowski B. 2011. Effectiveness of AG3 phosphonate formulation in suppressing phytophthora blight in cucumber and bell pepper plants under growth room conditions. Can J Plant Pathol. 33:150–158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alex JF, Switzer CM. 1988. Ontario weeds: descriptions, illustrations and keys to their identification. Publication 505, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Toronto (ON): Queen’s Printer for Ontario.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson TR, Garton R. 2000. First report of blight of field peppers caused by Phytophthora capsici in Ontario. Plant Dis. 84:705.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ando K, Hammar S, Grumet R. 2009. Age-related resistance of diverse cucurbit fruit to infection by Phytophthora capsici. J Amer Soc Hort Sci. 134:176–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ansani CV, Matsuoka K. 1983. Sobre-vivencia de Phytophthora capsici Leonian no solo. Fitopatol Bras. 8:269–276.
   Google Scholar
• Babadoost M. 2000. Outbreak of Phytophthora foliar blight and fruit rot in processing pumpkin fields in Illinois. Plant Dis. 84:1345.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Babadoost M, Pavon C. 2013. Survival of oospores of Phytophthora capsici in soil. Plant Dis. 97:1478–1483.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bi Y, Jiang H, Hausbeck MK, Hao JJ. 2012. Inhibitory effects of essential oils for controlling Phytophthora capsici. Plant Dis. 96:797–803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blum M, Boehler M, Randall E, Young V, Csukai M, Kraus S, Moulin F, Scalliet G, Avrova AO, Whisson SC, Fonne-Pfister R. 2010. Mandipropamid targets the cellulose synthase-like PiCesA3 to inhibit cell wall biosynthesis in the oomycete plant pathogen, Phytophthora infestans. Mol Plant Pathol. 11:227–243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowers JH, Papavizas GC, Johnston SA. 1990. Effect of soil temperature and soil-water matric potential on the survival of Phytophthora capsici in natural soil. Plant Dis. 74:771–777.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bush EA, Hong CX, Stromberg EL. 2003. Fluctuations of Phytophthora and Pythium spp. in components of a recycling irrigation system. Plant Dis. 87:1500–1506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Candole BL, Conner PJ, Ji P. 2010. Screening Capsicum annuum accessions for resistance to six isolates of Phytophthora capsici. HortSci. 45:254–259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerkauskas RF. 2004a. Pepper diseases - phytophthora blight factsheet [internet]. AVRDC Publication 04-579. Available from: http://www.avrdc.org/?page_id=417
   Google Scholar
• Cerkauskas RF. 2004b. Tomato diseases – buckeye rot factsheet [internet]. AVRDC Publication 04- 612. Available from: http://www.avrdc.org/?page_id=417
   Google Scholar
• Colle M, Straley EN, Makela SB, Hammar SA, Grumet R. 2014. Screening the cucumber plant introduction collection for young fruit resistance to Phytophthora capsici. HortSci. 49:244–249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhingra OD, Sinclair JB. 1995. Basic plant pathology methods. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Enzenbacher TB, Hausbeck MK. 2012. An evaluation of cucurbits for susceptibility to cucurbitaceous and solanaceous Phytophthora capsici isolates. Plant Dis. 96:1404–1414.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erwin DC, Ribeiro OK. 1996. Phytophthora diseases worldwide. St. Paul (MN): APS Press.
   Google Scholar
• Etxeberria A, Mendarte S, Larregla S. 2011. Thermal inactivation of Phytophthora capsici oospores. Revista Iberoamer de Micologia. 28:83–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández-Pavía SP, Rodríguez-Alvarado G, López-Ordaz A, Fernández-Pavía YL. 2006. First report of Phytophthora capsici causing wilt on hydropronically grown cucumber in Mexico. Plant Dis. 90:1552.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster JM, Hausbeck MK. 2010a. Resistance of pepper to phytophthora crown, root, and fruit rot is affected by isolate virulence. Plant Dis. 94:24–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster JM, Hausbeck MK. 2010b. Managing phytophthora crown and root rot in bell pepper using fungicides and host resistance. Plant Dis. 94:697–702.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster JM, Naegele RP, Hausbeck MK. 2013. Evaluation of eggplant rootstocks and pepper varieties for potential resistance to isolates of Phytophthora capsici from Michigan and New York. Plant Dis. 97:1037–1041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French-Monar RD, Jones JB, Ozores-Hampton M, Roberts PD. 2007. Survival of inoculum of Phytophthora capsici in soil through time under different soil treatments. Plant Dis. 91:593–598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French-Monar RD, Jones JB, Roberts PD. 2006. Characterization of Phytophthora capsici associated with roots of weeds on Florida vegetable farms. Plant Dis. 90:345–350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French-Monar RD, Rodrigues FA, Korndörfer GH, Datnoff LE. 2010. Silicon suppresses phytophthora blight development on bell pepper. J Phytopathol. 158:554–560.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gevens AJ, Ando K, Lamour K, Grumet R, Hausbeck MK. 2006. Development of a detached cucumber fruit assay to screen for resistance and effect of fruit age on susceptibility to infection by Phytophthora capsici. Plant Dis. 90:1276–1282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gevens AJ, Donahoo RS, Lamour KH, Hausbeck MK. 2007. Characterization of Phytophthora capsici from Michigan surface irrigation water. Phytopathology. 97:421–428.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilardi G, Baudino M, Moizio M, Pugliese M, Garibaldi A, Gullino ML. 2013. Integrated management of Phytophthora capsici on bell pepper by combining grafting and compost treatment. Crop Prot. 53:13–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert G, Lacroix M, Hamel D. 2001. Diseases diagnosed on commercial crops submitted to the MAPAQ diagnostic laboratory in 2000. Can Plant Dis Surv. 81:40–58.
   Google Scholar
• Gisbert C, Sánchez-Torres P, Raigón MD, Nuez F. 2010. Phytophthora capsici resistance evaluation in pepper hybrids: agronomic performance and fruit quality of pepper grafted plants. J Food Agric Environ. 8:116–121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granke LL, Quesada-Ocampo L, Hausbeck MK. 2011. Variation in phenotypic characteristics of Phytophthora capsici isolates from a worldwide collection. Plant Dis. 95:1080–1088.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granke LL, Quesada-Ocampo L, Lamour K, Hausbeck MK. 2012. Advances in research on Phytophthora capsici on vegetable crops in the United States. Plant Dis. 96:1588–1600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granke LL, Windstam ST, Hoch HC, Smart CD, Hausbeck MK. 2009. Dispersal and movement mechanisms of Phytophthora capsici sporangia. Phytopathology. 99:1258–1264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Growing greenhouse vegetables. 2005. Publication 371, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture & Food. Toronto (ON): Queen’s Printer for Ontario.
   Google Scholar
• Hausbeck MK, Lamour KH. 2004. Phytophthora capsici on vegetable crops: Research progress and management challenges. Plant Dis. 88:1292–1303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong CX, Moorman GW. 2005. Plant pathogens in irrigation water: challenges and opportunities. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 24:189–208.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong CX, Richardson PA, Kong P, Bush EA. 2003. Efficacy of chlorine on multiple species of phytophthora in recycled nursery irrigation water. Plant Dis. 87:1183–1189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam SZ, Babadoost M, Lambert KN, Ndeme A. 2005. Characterization of Phytophthora capsici isolates from processing pumpkin in Illinois. Plant Dis. 89:191–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson KL, Yin J, Csinos AS, Ji P. 2010. Fungicidal activity of fluopicolide for suppression of Phytophthora capsici on squash. Crop Prot. 29:1421–1427.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson KL, Yin J, Ji P. 2012. Sensitivity of Phytophthora capsici on vegetable crops in Georgia to mandipropamid, dimethomorph, and cyazofamid. Plant Dis. 96:1337–1342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• James D, Varga A, Becker E, Sumampong G, Bailey K, Elliott M, Masri S, Shamoun SF. 2012. Screening of several disinfectants to assess their efficacy in controlling mycelia growth, sporangia germination, and recovery of viable Phytophthora ramorum. Crop Prot. 42:186–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keinath AP, Kousik CS. 2011. Sensitivity of isolates of Phytophthora capsici from the eastern United States to fluopicolide. Plant Dis. 95:1414–1419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BS, Lee JY, Hwang BK. 2000. In vivo control and in vitro antifungal activity of rhamnolipid B, a glycolipid antibiotic, against Phytophthora capsici and Colletotrichum orbiculare. Pest Manag Sci. 56:1029–1035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim YJ, Hwang BK, Park KW. 1989. Expression of age-related resistance in pepper plants infected with Phytophthora capsici. Plant Dis. 73:745–747.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King SR, Davis AR, Zhang X, Crosby K. 2010. Genetics, breeding and selection of rootstocks for Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae. Sci Horticul. 127:106–111.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kousik CS, Keinath AP. 2008. First report of insensitivity to cyazofamid among isolates of Phytophthora capsici from the southeastern United States. Plant Dis. 92:979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krasnow CS, Naegele RP, Hausbeck MK. 2014. Evaluation of fruit resistance in Cucurbita germplasm resistant to Phytophthora capsici crown rot. HortSci. 49:285–288.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubota C, McClure MA, Kokalis-Burelle N, Bausher MG, Rosskopf EN. 2008. Vegetable grafting: history, use, and current technology status in North America. HortSci. 43:1664–1669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labuschagne N, Thompson AH, Botha WJ. 2003. First report of stem and root rot of tomato caused by Phytophthora capsici in South Africa. Plant Dis. 87:1540.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamour KH, Hausbeck MK. 2000. Mefenoxam insensitivity and the sexual stage of Phytophthora capsici in Michigan cucurbit fields. Phytopathology. 90:396–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamour KH, Hausbeck MK. 2001. The dynamics of mefenoxam insensitivity in a recombining population of Phytophthora capsici characterized with amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Phytopathology. 91:553–557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamour KH, Hausbeck MK. 2003. Effect of crop rotation on the survival of Phytophthora capsici in Michigan. Plant Dis. 87:841–845.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larkin MA, Blackshields G, Brown NP, Chenna R, McGettigan PA, McWilliam H, Valentin F, Wallace IM, Wilm A, Lopez R, et al. 2007. Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics. 23:2947–2948.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee J-M, Kubota C, Tsao SJ, Bie Z, Hoyos Echevarria P, Morra L, Oda M. 2010. Current status of vegetable grafting: diffusion, grafting techniques, automation. Sci Horticul. 127:93–105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JS, Seo ST, Wang TC, Jang HI, Pae DH, Engle LM. 2004. Effect of potassium silicate amendments in hydroponic nutrient solutions to suppress phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsic) in pepper (Capsicum annuum). Plant Pathol J. 20:277–282.
   Google Scholar
• Louws FJ, Rivard CL, Kubota C. 2010. Grafting fruiting vegetables to manage soilborne pathogens, foliar pathogens, arthropods and weeds. Sci Horticul. 127:127–146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madden T. 2002. Chapter 16, The BLAST sequence analysis tool. In: McEntyre J, Ostell J, editors. The NCBI handbook. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US).
   Google Scholar
• Matheron ME, Porchas M. 2000. Comparison of five fungicides on development of root, crown, and fruit rot of chile pepper and recovery of Phytophthora capsici from soil. Plant Dis. 84:1038–1043.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matheron ME, Porchas M. 2002. Suppression of phytophthora root and crown rot on pepper plants treated with acibenzolar-S-methyl. Plant Dis. 86:292–297.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matheron ME, Porchas M. 2014. Effectiveness of 14 fungicides for suppressing lesions caused by Phytophthora capsici on inoculated stems of chile pepper seedlings. Plant Health Prog. 15:166–171.
   Google Scholar
• Meyer MD, Hausbeck MK. 2013a. Using soil-applied fungicides to manage phytophthora crown and root rot on summer squash. Plant Dis. 97:107–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer MD, Hausbeck MK. 2013b. Age-related resistance to phytophthora fruit rot in ‘Dickenson Field’ processing pumpkin and ‘Golden Delicious’ winter squash fruit. Plant Dis. 97:446–552.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitani S, Araki S, Yamaguchi T, Takii Y, Ohshima T, Matsuo N. 2001. Antifungal activity of the novel fungicide cyazofamid against Phytophthora infestans and other plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. Pestic Biochem Physiol. 70:92–99.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morra L, Bilotto M. 2006. Evaluation of new rootstocks for resistance to soil-borne pathogens and productive behavior of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). J Hort Sci Biotech. 81:518–524.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neely D, Himelick EB. 1966. Simultaneous determination of fungistatic and fungicidal properties of chemicals. Phytopathology. 56:203–209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neter J, Wasserman W, Kutner MH. 1985. Applied linear statistical models. 2nd ed. Homewood (IL): Richard D. Irwin, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen CJ, Ferrin DM, Stanghellini ME. 2006a. Efficacy of biosurfactants in the management of Phytophthora capsici on pepper in recirculating hydroponic systems. Can J Plant Pathol. 28:450–460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen CJ, Ferrin DM, Stanghellini ME. 2006b. Cyclic production of sporangia and zoospores by Phytophthora capsici on pepper roots in hydroponic culture. Can J Plant Pathol. 28:461–466.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OMAFRA. 2012. Area, production, value and sales of specified commercial vegetable crops, Ontario, 2011. [ cited 2012 Oct 3]. Available from: http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/stats/hort/veg_all10-11English.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Parra G, Ristaino JB. 1998. Insensitivity to Ridomil Gold (mefenoxam) found among field isolates of Phytophthora capsici causing phytophthora blight on bell pepper in North Carolina and New Jersey. Plant Dis. 82:711.
   Google Scholar
• Parra G, Ristaino JB. 2001. Resistance to mefenoxam and metalaxyl among field isolates of Phytophthora capsici causing phytophthora blight of bell pepper. Plant Dis. 85:1069–1075.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ploetz R, Heine G, Haynes J, Watson M. 2002. An investigation of biological attributes that may contribute to the importance of Phytophthora capsici as a vegetable pathogen in Florida. Ann Appl Biol. 140:61–67.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quesada-Ocampo LM, Hausbeck MK. 2010. Resistance in tomato and wild relatives to crown and root rot caused by Phytophthora capsici. Phytopathology. 100:619–627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ristaino JB. 1990. Intraspecific variation among isolates of Phytophthora capsici from pepper and cucurbit fields in North Carolina. Phytopathology. 80:1253–1259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ristaino JB, Johnston SA. 1999. Ecologically based approaches to management of Phytophthora blight on bell pepper. Plant Dis. 83:1080–1089.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts PD, Urs RR, French-Monar RD, Hoffine MS, Seijo TE, McGovern RJ. 2005. Survival and recovery of Phytophthora capsici and oomycetes in tailwater and soil from vegetable fields in Florida. Ann Appl Biol. 146:351–359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts PD, Urs RR, McGovern RJ. 2000. Age and varietal response of tomato to infection by Phytophthora capsici. Phytopathology. 90:S65.
   Google Scholar
• Ros C, Guerrero MM, Martínez MA, Barcelló N, Martínez MC, Rodríguez I, Lacasa A, Guirao P, Bello A. 2005. Resistant sweet pepper rootstocks integrated into the management of soilborne pathogens in greenhouse. Acta Hortic. 698:305–310.
   Google Scholar
• Russell AD, Hugo WB, Ayliffe GAJ. 1999. Disinfection, preservation and sterilization. London (England): Blackwell Science Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Sambrook J, Russell DW. 2001. Molecular cloning – a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor (NY): Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sanogo S, Ji P. 2012. Integrated management of Phytophthora capsici on solanaceous and cucurbitaceous crops: Current status, gaps in knowledge and research needs. Can J Plant Pathol. 34:479–492.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAS Institute Inc. 2000. SAS/STAT^© user’s guide. Version 8.1 [computer program]. Cary (NC): SAS Institute
   Google Scholar
• Schlub RL. 1983. Epidemiology of Phytophthora capsici on bell pepper. J Agric Sci, Camb. 100:7–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sholberg PL, Walker MC, O’Gorman DT, Jesperson GD. 2007. First report of Phytophthora capsici on cucurbits and peppers in British Columbia. Can J Plant Pathol. 29:153–158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanghellini ME, Kim DH, Rasmussen SL, Rorabaugh PA. 1996. Control of root rot of peppers caused by Phytophthora capsici with a nonionic surfactant. Plant Dis. 80:1113–1116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanghellini ME, Nielsen CJ, Kim DH, Rasmussen SL, Rorbaugh PA. 2000. Influence of sub-versus top-irrigation and surfactants in a recirculating system on disease incidence caused by Phytophthora spp. in potted pepper plants. Plant Dis. 84:1147–1150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steel RGD, Torrie JH. 1960. Principles and procedures of statistics. New York (NY): McGraw- Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Stewart-Wade SM. 2011. Plant pathogens in recycled irrigation water in commercial plant nurseries and greenhouses: their detection and management. Irrig Sci. 29:267–297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sy O, Bosland PW, Steiner R. 2005. Inheritance of Phytophthora stem blight resistance as compared to phytophthora root rot and phytophthora foliar blight resistance in Capsicum annuum L. J Amer Soc Hortic Sci. 130:75–78.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sy O, Steiner R, Bosland PW. 2008. Recombinant inbred line differential identifies race-specific resistance to phytophthora root rot in Capsicum annuum. Phytopathology. 98:867–870.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian D, Babadoost M. 2004. Host range of Phytophthora capsici from pumpkin and pathogenicity of isolates. Plant Dis. 88:485–489.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toquin V, Barja F, Sirven C, Bffa R. 2008. Fluopicolide, a new anti-oomycete fungicide with a new mode of action inducing perturbation of a spectrin-like protein. In: Krämer W, Schirmer U, editors. Modern crop protection compounds. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; p. 875–682.
   Google Scholar
• van Os EA. 2009. Comparison of some chemical and non-chemical treatments to disinfect a recirculating nutrient solution. Acta Hort. 843:229–234.
   Google Scholar
• Wohanka K. 2002. Nutrient solution disinfection. In: Savvas D, Passam H, editors. Hydroponic production of vegetables and ornamentals. Athens (Greece): Embryo Publications; p. 345–372.
   Google Scholar
• Yin J, Jackson KL, Candole BL, Csinos AS, Langston DB, Ji P. 2012. Aggressiveness and diversity of Phytophthora capsici on vegetable crops in Georgia. Ann Appl Biol. 160:191–200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang ZG, Li YQ, Fan H, Wang YC, Zheng XB. 2006. Molecular detection of Phytophthora capsici in infected plant tissues, soil and water. Plant Pathol. 55:770–775.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar