795
Views
168
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Papers

Physiological Effects of Resistant Starches on Fecal Bulk, Short Chain Fatty Acids, Blood Lipids and Glycemic Index

, MD, FACN, , PhD, , PhD, , PhD, , PhD, , BSc, , RD, , BSc, , MSc & , MSc show all
Pages 609-616 | Received 01 Feb 1998, Accepted 01 May 1998, Published online: 08 Jun 2013

REFERENCES

  • Hagander B, Bjorck I, Asp NG, Efendic S, Holm J, Nilsson-Ehle P, Lundquist I, Schersten B: Rye products in the diabetic diet. Postprandial glucose and hormonal responses in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients as compared to starch availability in vitro and experiments in rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 3: 85–96, 1987.
  • Thorburn AW, Brand JC, Truswell AS: Slowly digested and absorbed carbohydrate in traditional bushfoods: a protective factor against diabetes? Am J Clin Nutr 45: 98–106, 1987.
  • Salmeron J, Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Colditz GA, Spiegelman D, Jenkins DJ, Stampfer MJ, Wing AL, Willett WC: Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of NIDDM in men. Diabetes Care 20: 545–550, 1997.
  • Salmeron J, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Wing AL, Willett WC: Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women. JAMA 277: 472–477, 1997.
  • Kritchevsky D: Epidemiology of fibre, resistant starch and colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 4: 345–352, 1995.
  • Thorne MJ, Thompson LU, Jenkins DJ: Factors affecting starch digestibility and the glycemic response with special reference to legumes. Am J Clin Nutr 38: 481–488, 1983.
  • Asp NG, Bjorck I, Holm J, Nyman M, Siljestrom M: Enzyme resistant starch fractions and dietary fibre. Scand J Gastroenterol 129(suppl): 29s–32s, 1987.
  • Englyst HN, Kingman SM, Hudson GJ, Cummings JH: Measurement of resistant starch in vitro and in vivo. Br J Nutr 75: 749–755, 1996.
  • Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Buckley G, Lam KY, Giudici S, Kalmusky J, Jenkins AL, Patten RL, Bird J, Wong GS, et al: Low-glycemic-index starchy foods in the diabetic diet. Am J Clin Nutr 48: 248–254, 1988.
  • Wolever TM, Jenkins DJ, Vuksan V, Jenkins AL, Wong GS, Josse RG: Beneficial effect of low-glycemic index diet in overweight NIDDM subjects. Diabetes Care 15: 562–564, 1992.
  • Fontvieille AM, Rizkalla SW, Penfornis A, Acosta M, Bornet FR, Slama G: The use of low glycaemic index foods improves metabolic control of diabetic patients over five weeks. Diabet Med 9: 444–450, 1992.
  • Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Kalmusky J, Guidici S, Giordano C, Patten R, Wong GS, Bird JN, Hall M, Buckley G, et al. Low-glycemic index diet in hyperlipidemia: use of traditional starchy foods. Am J Clin Nutr 46: 66–71, 1987.
  • Wolever TM, Jenkins DJ, Vuksan V, Jenkins AL, Buckley GC, Wong GS, Josse RG: Beneficial effect of a low glycaemic index diet in type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 9: 451–458, 1992.
  • Behall KM, Scholfield DJ, Yuhaniak I, Canary J: Diets containing high amylose vs amylopectin starch: effects on metabolic variables in human subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 49: 337–344, 1989.
  • Phillips J, Muir JG, Birkett A, Lu ZX, Jones GP, O’Dea K, Young GP: Effect of resistant starch on fecal bulk and fermentation-dependent events in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 62: 121–130, 1995.
  • Behall KM, Howe JC: Resistant starch as energy. J Am Coll Nutr 15: 248–254, 1996.
  • Silvester KR, Englyst HN, Cummings JH: Ileal recovery of starch from whole diets containing resistant starch measured in vitro and fermentation of ileal effluent. Am J Clin Nutr 62: 403–411, 1995.
  • Cassidy A, Bingham SA, Cummings JH: Starch intake and colorectal cancer risk: an international comparison. Br J Cancer 69: 937–942, 1994.
  • Prosky L, Asp NG, Furda I, De Vries JW, Schweizer TF, Harland BF: Determination of total dietary fiber in foods and food products: collaborative study. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 68: 677–679, 1985.
  • Englyst HN, Kingman SM, Cummings JH: Classification and measurement of nutritionally important starch fractions. Eur J Clin Nutr 46(suppl 2): 33s–50s, 1992.
  • George R, Krondl M: Perceptions and food use of adolescent boys and girls. Nutr Behav 1: 115–125, 1983.
  • Reaburn JA, Krondl M, Lau D: Social determinants in food selection. J Am Diet Assoc 74: 637–641, 1979.
  • Krondl M, Lau D, Yurkiw MA, Coleman PH: Food use and perceived food use in the elderly. J Am Diet Assoc 80: 523–529, 1982.
  • Metz G, Gassull MA, Leeds AR, Blendis LM, Jenkins DJ: A simple method of measuring breath hydrogen in carbohydrate malabsorption by end-expiratory sampling. Clin Sci Mol Med 50: 237–240, 1976.
  • Wolever TM, Jenkins DJ, Jenkins AL, Josse RG: The glycemic index: methodology and clinical implications. Am J Clin Nutr 54: 846–854, 1991.
  • Lipid Research Clinics Program: “Manual of Laboratory Operations, vol 1. Lipid and Lipoprotein Analysis. US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Publication No. (NIH) 75–628. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1982.
  • Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS: Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18: 499–502, 1972.
  • Fink PC, Romer M, Haeckel R, Fateh-Moghadam A, Delanghe J, Gressner AM, Dubs RW: Measurement of proteins with the Behring nephelometer. A multicenter evaluation. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 27: 261–276, 1989.
  • Guerrant GO, Lambert MA, Moss CW: Analysis of short-chain acids from anaerobic bacteria by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Clin Microbiol 16: 355–360, 1982.
  • Tollinger CD, Vreman HJ, Weiner MW: Measurement of acetate in human blood by gas chromatography: effects of sample preparation, feeding and various diseases. Clin Chem 25: 1787–1790, 1979.
  • Association of Official Analytical Chemists: “AOAC Official Methods of Analysis.” Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 1980.
  • Goni I, Garcia-Diz L, Manas E, Calixto F: Analysis of resistant starch: a method for foods and food products. Food Chem 56: 445–449, 1996.
  • The Agricultural Research Service: “Composition of Foods, Agriculture Handbook No 8.” Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, 1992.
  • SAS Institute Inc: “SAS/STAT User’s Guide”, 6th ed. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, 1985.
  • Cummings JH, Beatty ER, Bingman SM, Bingham SA, Englyst HN: Digestion and physiological properties of resistant starch in the human large bowel. Br J Nutr 75: 733–747, 1996.
  • Heijnen M-L, van Amelsvoort JMM, Deurenberg P, Beynen AC: Limited consumption of uncooked (RS2) or retrograded (RS3) resistant starch on putative risk factors for colon cancer in healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr 67: 322–331, 1988.
  • Hylla S, Gostner A, Dusel G, Anger H, Bartram H-P, Christl SV, Kasper H, Schappach W: Effects of resistant starch on the colon in healthy volunteers: possible implications for cancer prevention. Am J Clin Nutr 67: 136–142, 1998.
  • Roediger WE: The colonic epithelium in ulcerative colitis: an energy-deficiency disease? Lancet 2: 712–715, 1980.
  • Roediger WE: Utilization of nutrients by isolated epithelial cells of the rat colon. Gastroenterology 83: 424–429, 1982.
  • Zoran DL, Turner ND, Taddeo SS, Chapkin RS, Lupton JR: Wheat bran diet reduces tumor incidence in a rat model of colon cancer independent of effects on distal luminal butyrate concentrations. J Nutr 127: 2217–2225, 1997.
  • Weaver GA, Krause JA, Miller TL, Wolin MJ: Short chain fatty acid distributions of enema samples from a sigmoidoscopy population: an association of high acetate and low butyrate ratios with adenomatous polyps and colon cancer. Gut 29: 1539–1543, 1988.
  • van Munster IP, Tangerman A, Nagengast FM: Effect of resistant starch on colonic fermentation, bile acid metabolism, and mucosal proliferation. Dig Dis Sci 39: 834–842, 1994.
  • Macfarlane GT, Englyst HN: Starch utilization by the human large intestinal microflora. J Appl Bacteriol 60: 195–201, 1986.
  • Anderson IH, Levine AS, Levitt MD: Incomplete absorption of the carbohydrate in all-purpose wheat flour. N Engl J Med 304: 891–892, 1981.
  • Jenkins DJ, Thorne MJ, Wolever TM, Jenkins AL, Rao AV, Thompson LU: The effect of starch-protein interaction in wheat on the glycemic response and rate of in vitro digestion. Am J Clin Nutr 45: 946–951, 1987.
  • Nordgaard I, Mortensen PB, Langkilde AM: Small intestinal malabsorption and colonic fermentation of resistant starch and resistant peptides to short-chain fatty acids. Nutrition 11: 129–137, 1995.
  • Olesen M, Rumessen JJ, Gudmand-Hoyer E: Intestinal transport and fermentation of resistant starch evaluated by the hydrogen breath test. Eur J Clin Nutr 48: 692–701, 1994.
  • Muir JG, Lu ZX, Young GP, Cameron-Smith D, Collier GR, O’Dea K: Resistant starch in the diet increases breath hydrogen and serum acetate in human subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 61: 792–799, 1995.
  • Heijnen ML, van Amelsvoort JM, Deurenberg P, Beynen AC: Neither raw nor retrograded resistant starch lowers fasting serum cholesterol concentrations in healthy normolipidemic subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 64: 312–318, 1996.
  • Asp NG, van Amelsvoort JM, Hautvast JG: Nutritional implications of resistant starch. Nutr Res Rev 9: 1–31, 1996.
  • Kritchevsky D, Story JA: Influence of dietary fiber on cholesterol metabolism in experimental animals. In Spiller GA (ed): “Handbook of Dietary Fiber in Human Nutrition.” Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp 129–142, 1986.
  • Riccardi BA, Fahrenbach MJ: Effect of guar gum and pectin N.F. on serum and liver lipids of cholesterol-fed rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 124: 749–752, 1969.
  • Anderson JW, Story L, Sieling B, Chen W-JL, Petro MS, Story JA: Hypocholesterolemic effects of oat bran and bean intake for hypercholesterolemic men. Am J Clin Nutr 40: 1146–1155, 1984.
  • Englyst HN, Veenstra J, Hudson GJ: Measurement of rapidly available glucose (RAG) in plant foods: a potential in vitro predictor of the glycaemic response. Br J Nutr 75: 327–337, 1996.
  • Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Collier GR, Ocana A, Rao AV, Buckley G, Lam Y, Mayer A, Thompson LU: Metabolic effects of a low-glycemic-index diet. Am J Clin Nutr 46: 968–975, 1987.
  • Jarvi AE, Karlstrom BE, Granfeldt YE, Bjorck IM, Vessby BO, Asp NG: The influence of food structure on postprandial metabolism in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Clin Nutr 61: 837–842, 1995.
  • Ross SW, Brand JC, Thorburn AW, Truswell AS: Glycemic index of processed wheat products. Am J Clin Nutr 46: 631–635, 1987.
  • Jenkins DJ, Wesson V, Wolever TM, Jenkins AL, Kalmusky J, Guidici S, Csima A, Josse RG, Wong GS: Wholemeal versus wholegrain breads: proportion of whole or cracked grain and the glycaemic response. BMJ 297: 958–960, 1988.
  • Behall KM, Scholfield DJ, Yuhaniak I, Canary J: Diets containing high amylose vs amylopectin starch: effects on metabolic variables in human subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 49: 337–344, 1989.
  • Behall KM, Scholfield DJ, Canary J: Effect of starch structure on glucose and insulin responses in adults. Am J Clin Nutr 47: 428–432, 1989.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.