476
Views
20
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The Effects of Choline and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

, &
Pages 714-721 | Received 02 Feb 2019, Accepted 21 Mar 2019, Published online: 23 Apr 2019

References

  • Domingueti CP, Dusse L, das Graças Carvalho M, de Sousa LP, Gomes KB, Fernandes AP. Diabetes mellitus: the linkage between oxidative stress, inflammation, hypercoagulability and vascular complications. J Diabetes Complications. 2016;30(4):738–745. doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.12.018.
  • Pradhan AD, Manson JE, Rifai N, Buring JE, Ridker PM. C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA. 2001;286(3):327–334.
  • Shi Y, Hu FB. The global implications of diabetes and cancer. Lancet. 2014;383(9933):1947–1948. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60886-2.
  • Tuomi T, Santoro N, Caprio S, Cai M, Weng J, Groop L. The many faces of diabetes: a disease with increasing heterogeneity. Lancet. 2014;383(9922):1084–1094. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62219-9.
  • Tarighat-Esfanjani A, Fallahnejad H, Omidi H, Jafarabadi MA, Abbasi MM, Khorram S. The effects of natural nano-sized clinoptilolite and metformin on the levels of serum glucose, lipid profile, and minerals in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2018;20(10):e74365
  • Duncan BB, Schmidt MI, Pankow JS, Ballantyne CM, Couper D, Vigo A, Hoogeveen R, Folsom AR, Heiss G. Low-grade systemic inflammation and the development of type 2 diabetes: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Diabetes. 2003;52(7):1799–1805. doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.7.1799.
  • Esser N, Legrand-Poels S, Piette J, Scheen AJ, Paquot N. Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;105(2):141–150. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006.
  • Pickup JC. Inflammation and activated innate immunity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(3):813–823.
  • Sales CH, Pedrosa L. Magnesium and diabetes mellitus: their relation. Clin Nutr. 2006;25(4):554–562. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2006.03.003.
  • Barbagallo M, Dominguez LJ. Magnesium and type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes. 2015;6(10):1152doi:10.4239/wjd.v6.i10.1152.
  • Ozcaliskan Ilkay H, Sahin H, Tanriverdi F, Samur G. Association between magnesium status, dietary magnesium intake, and metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Nutr. 2018;38(1):31–38.
  • Kirii K, Iso H, Date C, Fukui M, Tamakoshi A, Group JS. Magnesium intake and risk of self-reported type 2 diabetes among Japanese. J Am Coll Nutr. 2010;29(2):99–106. doi:10.1080/07315724.2010.10719822.
  • Yokota K, Kato M, Lister F, Ii H, Hayakawa T, Kikuta T, Kageyama S, Tajima N. Clinical efficacy of magnesium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004;23(5):506S–509S. doi:10.1080/07315724.2004.10719390.
  • Veronese N, Watutantrige-Fernando S, Luchini C, Solmi M, Sartore G, Sergi G, Manzato E, Barbagallo M, Maggi S, Stubbs B, et al. Effect of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism in people with or at risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind randomized controlled trials. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016;70(12):1354doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.154.
  • Simental-Mendía LE, Rodríguez-Morán M, Guerrero-Romero F. Oral magnesium supplementation decreases C-reactive protein levels in subjects with prediabetes and hypomagnesemia: a clinical randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Arch Med Res. 2014;45(4):325–330. doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.04.006.
  • Chacko SA, Song Y, Nathan L, Tinker L, de Boer IH, Tylavsky F, Wallace R, Liu S. Relations of dietary magnesium intake to biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in an ethnically diverse cohort of postmenopausal women. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(2):304–310. doi:10.2337/dc09-1402.
  • Mooren F, Krüger K, Völker K, Golf S, Wadepuhl M, Kraus A. Oral magnesium supplementation reduces insulin resistance in non‐diabetic subjects–a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized trial. Diabetes Obesity Metabolism. 2011;13(3):281–284. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01332.x.
  • Asemi Z, Karamali M, Jamilian M, Foroozanfard F, Bahmani F, Heidarzadeh Z, Benisi-Kohansal S, Surkan PJ, Esmaillzadeh A. Magnesium supplementation affects metabolic status and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(1):222–229. doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.098616.
  • Barbagallo M, Dominguez LJ, Galioto A, Pineo A, Belvedere M. Oral magnesium supplementation improves vascular function in elderly diabetic patients. Magnesium Res. 2010;23(3):131–137.
  • Chacko SA, Sul J, Song Y, Li X, LeBlanc J, You Y, Butch A, Liu S. Magnesium supplementation, metabolic and inflammatory markers, and global genomic and proteomic profiling: a randomized, double-blind, controlled, crossover trial in overweight individuals. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(2):463–473. doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.002949.
  • Detopoulou P, Panagiotakos DB, Antonopoulou S, Pitsavos C, Stefanadis C. Dietary choline and betaine intakes in relation to concentrations of inflammatory markers in healthy adults: the ATTICA study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(2):424–430. doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.2.424.
  • Wang Z, Tang WHW, Buffa JA, Fu X, Britt EB, Koeth RA, Levison BS, Fan Y, Wu Y, Hazen SL, et al. Prognostic value of choline and betaine depends on intestinal microbiota-generated metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide. European Heart J. 2014;35(14):904–910. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu002.
  • McEntyre CJ, Lever M, Chambers ST, George PM, Slow S, Elmslie JL, Florkowski CM, Lunt H, Krebs JD. Variation of betaine, N, N-dimethylglycine, choline, glycerophosphorylcholine, taurine and trimethylamine-N-oxide in the plasma and urine of overweight people with type 2 diabetes over a two-year period. Ann Clin Biochem. 2015;52(3):352–360. doi:10.1177/0004563214545346.
  • Mehta AK, Singh BP, Arora N, Gaur SN. Choline attenuates immune inflammation and suppresses oxidative stress in patients with asthma. Immunobiology. 2010;215(7):527–534. doi:10.1016/j.imbio.2009.09.004.
  • Wallace JMW, McCormack JM, McNulty H, Walsh PM, Robson PJ, Bonham MP, Duffy ME, Ward M, Molloy AM, Scott JM, et al. Choline supplementation and measures of choline and betaine status: a randomised, controlled trial in postmenopausal women. Br J Nutr. 2012;108(7):1264–1271. doi:10.1017/S000711451100674X.
  • Koopman F, Vosters J, Roescher N, Broekstra N, Tak P, Vervoordeldonk M. Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in the non-obese diabetic mouse model. Oral Dis. 2015;21(7):858–865. doi:10.1111/odi.12354.
  • Jaffe R. Phytonutrients in diabetes management. Bioactive food as dietary interventions for diabetes. Netherlands: Elsevier; 2013. 339–53 p.
  • Medina D, David K, Lin Y, Schaar D, Patel V, Gharibo M, Bannerji R, Walton K, Aisner J, Rabson AB, et al. Choline-magnesium trisalicylate modulates acute myelogenous leukemia gene expression during induction chemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma. 2017;58(5):1227–1230. doi:10.1080/10428194.2016.1225206.
  • Moffett BS, Arora G, Bricker JT. Treatment of acute rheumatic carditis with choline magnesium trisalicylate in a patient needing surgery. J Pediatric Pharmacol Therapeutics. 2003;8(4):284–286. doi:10.5863/1551-6776-8.4.284.
  • Strair RK, Gharibo M, Schaar D, Rubin A, Harrison J, Aisner J, Lin H-C, Lin Y, Goodell L, Anand M, et al. Nuclear factor-κB modulation in patients undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14(22):7564–7568. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1390.
  • Naber M, Hommel B, Colzato LS. Improved human visuomotor performance and pupil constriction after choline supplementation in a placebo-controlled double-blind study. Scientific Reports. 2015;5:13188.
  • Hongu N, Sachan DS. Carnitine and choline supplementation with exercise alter carnitine profiles, biochemical markers of fat metabolism and serum leptin concentration in healthy women. J Nutr. 2003;133(1):84–89. doi:10.1093/jn/133.1.84.
  • Esfanjani AT, Mahdavi R, Mameghani ME, Talebi M, Nikniaz Z, Safaiyan A. The effects of magnesium, l-carnitine, and concurrent magnesium–l-carnitine supplementation in migraine prophylaxis. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012;150(1-3):42–48. doi:10.1007/s12011-012-9487-5.
  • Mahan LK, Raymond JL. Krause's food & the nutrition care process-e-book. Netherlands: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016.
  • Esser N, Paquot N, Scheen AJ. Inflammatory markers and cardiometabolic diseases. Acta Clinica Belgica. 2015;70(3):193–199. doi:10.1179/2295333715Y.0000000004.
  • Nielsen FH. Magnesium deficiency and increased inflammation: current perspectives. J Inflamm Res. 2018;11:25. doi:10.2147/JIR.S136742.
  • Cosaro E, Bonafini S, Montagnana M, Danese E, Trettene MS, Minuz P, Delva P, Fava C. Effects of magnesium supplements on blood pressure, endothelial function and metabolic parameters in healthy young men with a family history of metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metabolism Cardiovascular Dis. 2014;24(11):1213–1220. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2014.05.010.
  • Zghoul N, Alam-Eldin N, Mak IT, Silver B, Weglicki WB. Hypomagnesemia in diabetes patients: comparison of serum and intracellular measurement of responses to magnesium supplementation and its role in inflammation. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2018;11:389. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S168398.
  • Simental-Mendía LE, Rodríguez-Morán M, Reyes-Romero MA, Guerrero-Romero F. No positive effect of oral magnesium supplementation in the decreases of inflammation in subjects with prediabetes: a pilot study. Magnesium Research. 2012;25(3):140–146.
  • Cheng C-P, Chen C-H, Kuo C-S, Kuo H-T, Huang K-T, Shen Y-L, et al. Dietary choline and folate relationships with serum hepatic inflammatory injury markers in Taiwanese adults. Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr. 2017;26(4):642.
  • Al‐Saeedi FJ, Cheng B. Choline treatment affects the liver reticuloendothelial system and plasma fatty acid composition in diabetic rats. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2013;33(4):293–301. doi:10.1111/cpf.12027.
  • Mehta AK, Gaur SN, Arora N, Singh BP. Effect of choline chloride in allergen-induced mouse model of airway inflammation. Eur Respiratory J. 2007;30(4):662–671. doi:10.1183/09031936.00019307.
  • Yu J, Zhao W-X, Du C-Y, Zhang N, Zhang W-D, Jin S-Y, Wang H, Feng Z-G. Choline improves lipopolysaccharide-induced central nervous system inflammatory response and cognitive dysfunction in mice. J Southern Med Univ. 2017;37(5):600–606.
  • Tayebati SK, Martinelli I, Moruzzi M, Amenta F, Tomassoni D. Choline and choline alphoscerate do not modulate inflammatory processes in the rat brain. Nutrients. 2017;9(10):1084. doi:10.3390/nu9101084.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.