Evaluation of Liver Metabolism Biomarkers in Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease According to Obesity Phenotype

References

• Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany EC, Biryukov S, Abbafati C, Abera SF, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384(9945):766–81. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NCD, Risk Factor C, (NCD-RisC). Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19·2 million participants. Lancet. 2016;387(10026):1377–96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30054-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabral JAV, Souza G. P d, Nascimento J. d A, Simoneti LF, Marchese C, Sales-Peres S. H d C. Sales-Peres SH. Impact of vitamin D and calcium deficiency in the bones of patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a systematic review. ABCD, Arq Bras Cir Dig. 2016;29(1 Suppl):120–3. doi:10.1590/0102-6720201600s10029.
   Google Scholar
• Chen Y-Y, Fang W-H, Wang C-C, Kao T-W, Chang Y-W, Wu C-J, Zhou Y-C, Sun Y-S, Chen W-L. Body fat has stronger associations with bone mass density than body mass index in metabolically healthy obesity. PLoS One. 2018;13(11):e0206812. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206812.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106:3143–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eslam M, Sanyal AJ, George J. Are non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic fatty liver disease more than just semantics? Gastroenterology. 2019;157(3):590–3.
   Google Scholar
• Pujia A, Gazzaruso C, Ferro Y, Mazza E, Maurotti S, Russo C, Lazzaro V, Romeo S, Montalcini T. Individuals with metabolically healthy overweight/obesity have higher fat utilization than metabolically unhealthy individuals. Nutrients. 2016;8(1):2. doi:10.3390/nu8010002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fazel Y, Koenig AB, Sayiner M, Goodman ZD, Younossi ZM. Epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism. 2016;65(8):1017–25. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2016.01.012. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2016.01.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okur G, Karacaer Z. The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in healthy young persons. Northern Clin Istanbul. 2016;3(2):111–7.
   Google Scholar
• Huh JH, Kim KJ, Kim SU, Han SH, Han K-H, Cha B-S, Chung CH, Lee B-W. Obesity is more closely related with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis measured by transient elastography than metabolic health status. Metabolism. 2017;66:23–31. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2016.10.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brea Á, Pinto X, Ascaso JF. Enfermedaddelhígadograso no alcohólico, asociaciónconlaenfermedad cardiovascular y tratamento (I). Enfermedaddelhígadograso no alcohólico y suasociaciónconlaenfermedad cardiovascular. Invest Arterioscler. 2017;29(3):141–8.
   Google Scholar
• Liou I, Kowdley KV. Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006;40(Suppl. 1):S11–S6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation, Classification, and Stratification, 2002. Available from: http://www2.kidney.org/professionals/kdoqi/guidelines_ckd/p4_class_g1.htm. Accessed November 20, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CNB, Brewer HB, Clark LT, Hunninghake DB, Pasternak RC, Smith SC, Stone NJ. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004;110(2):227–39. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO) Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: WHO; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Lohman T, Caballero B, Davis S. Pathways: a school-based program for the primary prevention of obesity in American Indian children. J Nutr. 1998;9(9):535–43.
   Google Scholar
• Pratt DS, Kaplan MM. Avaliação da funçãohepática [Liverfunctionassessment]. In: Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson LR, editors. Harrison medicina interna [Harrison internal medicine]. 15th ed. Rio de Janeiro: McGraw Hill; 2002. p. 1813–6.
   Google Scholar
• Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC). VII Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertensão Arterial. 2016. Available from: <http://publicacoes.cardiol.br/2014/diretrizes/2016/05_HIPERTENSAO_ARTERIAL.pdf. >. Accessed February 2, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(Suppl. 1):S13–S28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972;18(6):499–502. doi:10.1093/clinchem/18.6.499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramer JA, Abudu AA, Tillman RM, Carter SR, Sumathi VP, Grimer RJ. Pre- and post-chemotherapy alkaline phosphatase levels as prognostic indicators in adults with localized osteosarcoma. Eur J Cancer. 2005;41(18):2846–52. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2005.07.024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahia CA, Guimarães RM, Asmus CIRF. Alterações nos marcadores hepáticos decorrentes da exposição ambiental a organoclorados no Brasil. Cad Saúde Colet. 2014;22 (2):133–41. doi:10.1590/1414-462X201400020005.
   Google Scholar
• Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412–9. doi:10.1007/BF00280883.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durward CM, Hartman TJ, Nickols-Richardson SM. All-cause mortality risk of metabolically healthy obese individuals in NHANES III. J Obes. 2012;2012:1–12. doi:10.1155/2012/460321.
   Google Scholar
• Holick MF, Chen TC. Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(4):1080S–6S. doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.4.1080S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanwell HEC, Vieth R, Cole DEC, Scillitani A, Modoni S, Frusciante V, Ritrovato G, Chiodini I, Minisola S, Carnevale V, et al. Sun exposure questionnaire predicts circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Caucasian hospital workers in southern Italy. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010;121(1-2):334–7. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO). The World Health Report, Fighting disease, fostering development. 1996. Availablefrom: www.who.int/whr/1996/en/. Accessed June 6, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Brunt EM, Janney CG, Di Bisceglie AM, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Bacon BR. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94(9):2467–74. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01377.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS statistics for windows, Version 21.0. Armonk (NY): IBM Corp.
   Google Scholar
• Younossi ZM, Marchesini G, Pinto-Cortez H, Petta S. Epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: implications for liver transplantation. Transplantation. 2019;103(1):22–7. doi:10.1097/TP.0000000000002484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu L, Jiang CQ, Schooling CM, Zhang WS, Cheng KK, Lam TH. Liver enzymes as mediators of association between obesity and diabetes: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Ann Epidemiol. 2017;27(3):204–7. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.11.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali AT, Penny CB, Paiker JE, Psaras G, Ikram F, Crowther NJ. The relationship between alkaline phosphatase activity and intracellular lipid accumulation in murine 3T3-L1 cells and human preadipocytes. Anal Biochem. 2006;354(2):247–54. doi:10.1016/j.ab.2006.04.028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sesti G, Fiorentino TV, Hribal ML, Sciacqua A, Perticone F. Perticone, association of hepatic insulin resistance indexes to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and related biomarkers. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013;23(12):1182–7. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2013.01.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel PS, Buras ED, Balasubramanyam A. The role of the immune system in obesity and insulin resistance. J Obes. 2013;2013:1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Ong T, Sahota O, Tan W, Marshall L. A United Kingdom perspective on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and bone health: a cross sectional analysis of data from the Nottingham Fracture Liaison Service. Bone. 2014;59:207–10. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2013.11.024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer CK, Zinman B, Retnakaran R. Are metabolically healthy overweight and obesity benign conditions?: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(11):758–69. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-00008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulze MB. Metabolic health in normal-weight and obese individuals. Diabetologia. 2019;62(4):558–66. doi:10.1007/s00125-018-4787-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• März W, Kleber ME, Scharnagl H, Speer T, Zewinger S, Ritsch A, Parhofer KG, von Eckardstein A, Landmesser U, Laufs U. HDL cholesterol: reappraisal of its clinical relevance. Clin Res Cardiol. 2017;106(9):663–75. doi:10.1007/s00392-017-1106-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gariani K, Jornayvaz FR. Pathophysiology of NASH in endocrine diseases. Endocr Connect. 2021;10(2):R52–R65. doi:10.1530/EC-20-0490.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goossens GH. The metabolic phenotype in obesity: fat mass, body fat distribution, and adipose tissue function. Obes Facts. 2017;10(3):207–15. doi:10.1159/000471488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar