Tinkering with genes and embryos: the multiple invention of transgenic mice c. 1980

Bibliography

• Betteridge, K. J., W. C. D. Hare, and E. L. Singh. “Approaches to Sex Selection in Farm Animals.” In New Technologies in Animal Breeding, edited by B. G. Brackett, G. E. Seidel, and S. M. Seidel, 109–125. New York: Academic Press, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Biagioli, M. Galileo’s Instruments of Credit: Telescopes, Images, Secrecy. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Biggers, J. D. “Reflections on the Culture of the Preimplantation Embryo.” International Journal of Developmental Biology 42, no. 7 (1998): 879–884.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brannigan, A. The Social Basis of Scientific Discoveries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Brenner, S. “Introduction to Human Genetics: Possibilities and Realities.” In Ciba Foundation Symposium, edited by R. Porter and M. O’Connor. Vol. 66. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1979.
   Google Scholar
• Brinster, R. L. “The Effect of Cells Transferred into the Mouse Blastocyst on Subsequent Development.” Journal of Experimental Medicine 140, no. 4 (1974): 1049–1056. doi:10.1084/jem.140.4.1049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinster, R. L., H. Y. Chen, and M. E. Trumbauer. “Mouse Oocytes Transcribe Injected Xenopus 5S RNA Gene.” Science 211, no. 4480 (1981): 396–398. doi:10.1126/science.7194505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinster, R. L., H. Y. Chen, M. E. Trumbauer, and M. R. Avarbock. “Translation of Globin Messenger RNA by the Mouse Ovum.” Nature 283, no. 5746 (1980): 499–501. doi:10.1038/283499a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinster, R. L., and J. Arechaga. “Embryo Culture, Stem Cells and Experimental Modification of the Embryonic Genome: An Interview with Ralph Brinster.” International Journal of Developmental Biology 42, no. 7 (1998): 861–878.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bud, R. The Uses of Life: A History of Biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Capecchi, M. R. “Gene Targeting in Mice: Functional Analysis of the Mammalian Genome for the Twenty-First Century.” Nature Reviews Genetics 6, no. 6 (2005): 507–512. doi:10.1038/nrg1619.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corvini, M. 1979.“Restrictions Governing DNA Research Eased.” Yale Daily News, April 5.
   Google Scholar
• Creager, A. N. H., and H. Landecker. “Technical Matters: Method, Knowledge and Infrastructure in Twentieth-Century Life Science.” Nature Methods 6, no. 10 (2009): 701–705. doi:10.1038/nmeth1009-701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowe, N. 2013. “General Embryological Information Service, Published Annually by the Hubrecht Laboratory, 1949–1981.” Embryo Project Encyclopedia. ISSN: 1940-5030. Accessed November 13, 2018. http://embryo.asu.edu/handle/10776/4210
   Google Scholar
• Crowe, N. “Cancer, Conflict, and the Development of Nuclear Transplantation Techniques.” Journal of the History of Biology 47, no. 1 (2014): 63–105. doi:10.1007/s10739-013-9359-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry, H. A. Evolution Made to Order: Plant Breeding and Technological Innovation in Twentieth-Century America. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Dawid, I. B., and W. Wahli. “Application of Recombinant DNA Technology to Questions of Developmental Biology: A Review.” Developmental Biology 69, no. 1 (1979): 305–328. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(79)90294-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Chadarevian, S. “Of Worms and Programmes: Caenorhabditis Elegans and the Study of Development.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 29, no. 1 (1998): 81–105. doi:10.1016/S1369-8486(98)00004-1.
   Google Scholar
• de Chadarevian, S. “Mapping Development, or How Molecular Is Molecular Biology?” History and Philosophy of Life Sciences 22, no. 3 (2000): 381–396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Robertis, E. M., R. A. Laskey, and J. B. Gurdon. “Injected Living Cells as a Biochemical Test Tube.” Trends in Biochemical Sciences 2, no. 11 (1977): 250–253. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(77)90206-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diacumakos, E. G. “Introduction of Macromoleculaes into Viable Mammalian Cells by Precise Physical Microinjection.” In Introduction of Macromoleculaes into Viable Mammalian Cells, edited by R. Baserga, C. Croce, and G. Rovero, 85–98. New York: Alan Liss, 1979.
   Google Scholar
• Diacumakos, E. G., S. Holland, and P. Pecora. “A Microsurgical Methodology for Human Cells in Vitro: Evolution and Applications.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 65, no. 4, April 1 (1970): 911–918. doi:10.1073/pnas.65.4.911.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Badry, H. M. Micromanipulators and Micromanipulation. New York: Academic Press, 1963.
   Google Scholar
• Franklin, S. “‘Crook’ Pipettes: Embryonic Emigrations from Agriculture to Reproductive Biomedicine.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biologal and Biomedical Sciences 38, no. 2 (2007): 358–373. doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2007.03.004.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Franklin, S. Biological Relatives: IVF, Stem Cells and the Future of Kinship. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Gardner, R. L. “Mouse Chimaeras Obtained by the Injection of Cells into the Blastocyst.” Nature 220, no. 5167 (1968): 596–597. doi:10.1038/220596a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon, J. W., and F. H. Ruddle. “Integration and Stable Germ Line Transmission of Genes Injected into Mouse Pronuclei.” Science 214, no. 4526 (1981): 1244–1246. doi:10.1126/science.6272397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg, D. S. “‘Bootlegging:’ It Holds a Firm Place in Conduct of Research.” Science 153, no. 3738 (1966): 848–849. doi:10.1126/science.153.3738.848-a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurdon, J. B. “Molecular Biology in a Living Cell.” Nature 248, no. 5451 (1974): 772–776. doi:10.1038/248772a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurdon, J. B., J. B. Lingrel, and G. Marbaix. “Message Stability in Injected Frog Oocytes: Long Life of Mammalian Alpha and Beta Globin Messages.” Journal of Molecular Biology 80, no. 3 (1973): 539–551. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(73)90421-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurdon, J. B., T. R. Elsdale, and M. Fischberg. “Sexually Mature Individuals of Xenopus Laevis from the Transplantation of Single Somatic Nuclei.” Nature 182, no. 4627 (1958): 64–65. doi:10.1038/182064a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamburger, V. The Heritage of Experimental Embryology: Hans Spemann and the Organizer. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.
   Google Scholar
• Harbers, K., D. Jähner, and R. Jaenisch. “Microinjection of Cloned Retroviral Genomes into Mouse Zygotes: Integration and Expression in the Animal.” Nature 293, no. 5833 (1981): 540–542. doi:10.1038/293540a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harper, D. Working Knowledge: Skill and Community in a Small Shop. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Hopwood, N. “Inclusion and Exclusion in the History of Developmental Biology.” Development 146, no. 7 (2019): dev175448. doi:10.1242/dev.175448.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Illmensee, K. “Genetic Manipulation of the Early Mouse Embryo.” In Differentiation and Neoplasia, edited by R. G. McKinnell, M. A. DiBerardino, M. Blumenfeld, and R. D. Bergad, 75–86. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, Vol. 11. Berlin & Heidelberg: Sptinger, 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Jacob, F. “Evolution and Tinkering.” Science 196, no. 4295 (1977): 1161–1166. doi:10.1126/science.860134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kevles, D. J. “Renato Dulbecco and the New Animal Virology: Medicine, Methods, and Molecules.” Journal of the History of Biology 26 (1993): 409–442. doi:10.1007/BF01062056.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kevles, D. J. “Patents, Protections, and Privileges: The Establishment of Intellectual Property in Animals and Plants.” Isis 98, no. 2 (2007): 323–331. doi:10.1086/518192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knorr, K. D. “Tinkering toward Success: Prelude to a Theory of Scientific Practice.” Theory and Society 8, no. 3 (1979): 347–376. doi:10.1007/BF00167894.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolata, G. Clone: The Road to Dolly and the Path Ahead. London: Allen Lane, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Korzh, V., and U. Strähle. “Marshall Barber and the Century of Microinjection: From Cloning of Bacteria to Cloning of Everything.” Differentiation 70, no. 6 (2002): 221–226. doi:10.1046/j.1432-0436.2002.700601.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krimsky, S. Genetic Alchemy: A Social History of the Recombinant DNA Controversy. Boston: The MIT Press, 1984.
   Google Scholar
• Landecker, H. Culturing Life: How Cells Became Technologies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Lane, C. D., G. Marbaix, and J. B. Gurdon. “Rabbit Haemoglobin Synthesis in Frog Cells: The Translation of Reticulocyte 9 S RNA in Frog Oocytes.” Journal of Molecular Biology 61, no. 1 (1971): 73–91. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(71)90207-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavine, M. “‘Something about X-Rays for Everyone:’ Emerging Technologies and Open Communities.” History and Technology 31, no. 1 (2015): 37–54. doi:10.1080/07341512.2015.1063815.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lévi-Strauss, C. The Savage Mind. London: Weidenfield & Nicolson, 1966.
   Google Scholar
• Lynch, M., and K. Jordan. “The Sociology of a Genetic Engineering Technique: Ritual and Rationality in the Performance of the Plasmid Prep.” In The Right Tools for the Job, edited by A. Clarke and J. H. Fujimura, 77–114. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.
   Google Scholar
• McKinnel, R. G. Cloning: Nuclear Transplantation in Amphibia. A Critique of Results Obtained with the Technique to Which Is Added A Discourse on the Methods of the Craft. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Merton, R. K. The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations. London & Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973.
   Google Scholar
• Mertz, J. E., and J. B. Gurdon. “Purified Dnas are Transcribed after Microinjection into Xenopus Oocytes.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 74, no. 4 (1977): 1502–1506. doi:10.1073/pnas.74.4.1502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mintz, B. “Gene Expression in Neoplasia and Differentiation.” In The Harvey Lectures, Series 71 (1975–1976), 193–246. New York: Academic Press, 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Mintz, B. “Teratocarcinoma Cells as Vehicles for Mutant and Foreign Genes.” In Genetic Interaction and Gene Transfer, edited by C. W. Anderson, 82–95. Upton, NY: Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Mintz, B. “Developments in Cell Biology and Genetics. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment.” In 95th Cong, 3–9, May 31, 1978. (statement of Beatrice Mintz).
   Google Scholar
• Morange, M. “The Transformation of Molecular Biology on Contact with Higher Organisms, 1960–1980: From a Molecular Description to a Molecular Explanation.” History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 19, no. 3 (1997): 369–393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morange, M. “François Jacob’s Lab in the Seventies: The T-Complex and the Mouse Developmental Genetic Program.” History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 22, no. 3 (2000): 397–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morange, M. “French Tradition and the Rise of Evo-Devo.” Theory in Biosciences 126, no. 4 (2007): 149–153. doi:10.1007/s12064-007-0014-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller, C., A. Graessmann, and M. Graessmann. “Microinjection: Turning Living Cells into Test Tubes.” Trends in Biochemical Sciences 5, no. 3 (1980): 60–62. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(80)90068-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, F. “The Oncomouse that Roared: Hybrid Exchange Strategies as a Source of Distinction at the Boundary of Overlapping Institutions.” American Journal of Sociology 116, no. 2 (2010): 341–388. doi:10.1086/653599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• “On the Way to a Clone.” Science News 116, no. 4 (1979): 68. doi:10.2307/3964212.
   Google Scholar
• Pellicer, A., E. F. Wagner, A. E. Kareh, M. J. Dewey, A. J. Reuser, S. Silverstein, R. Axel, and B. Mintz. “Introduction of a Viral Thymidine Kinase Gene and the Human Beta-Globin Gene into Developmentally Multipotential Mouse Teratocarcinoma Cells.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 77, no. 4 (1980): 2098–2102. doi:10.1073/pnas.77.4.2098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter, R., and M. O’Connor, eds. “Human Genetics: Possibilities and Realities.” In Ciba Foundation Symposium 66. Vol. 66. Amsterdam, Oxford & New York: Excerpta Medica, 1979.
   Google Scholar
• Rader, K. Making Mice: Standardizing Animals for American Biomedical Research, 1900–1955. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Scangos, G. A., K. M. Huttner, S. Silverstein, and F. H. Ruddle. “Molecular Analysis of Chromosome-Mediated Gene Transfer.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 76, no. 8 (1979): 3987–3990. doi:10.1073/pnas.76.8.3987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheffler, R. W. “Managing the Future: The Special Virus Leukemia Program and the Acceleration of Biomedical Research.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 48 (2014): 231–249. doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2014.09.005.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tofano, D., I. R. Wiechers, and R. Cook-Deegan. “Edwin Southern, DNA Blotting, and Microarray Technology: A Case Study of the Shifting Role of Patents in Academic Molecular Biology.” Genomics, Society and Policy 2, no. 2 (2006): 50–61. doi:10.1186/1746-5354-2-2-50.
   Google Scholar
• U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Recombinant DNA Research. Volume 6: Documents Relating to ‘NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules’, January 1980–December 1980. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Vermeulen, N., J. N. Parker, and B. Penders. “Big, Small or Mezzo? Lessons from Science Studies for the Ongoing Debate about ‘Big’ Versus ‘Little’ Research Projects.” EMBO Reports 11, no. 6 (2010): 420–423. doi:10.1038/embor.2010.67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner, T. E., and J. S. Yun. “Fine Structure of Human Sperm Chromatin.” Archives of Andrology 2, no. 4 (1979): 291–294. doi:10.3109/01485017908987328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitten, W. K., and J. D. Biggers. “Complete Development in Vitro of the Pre-Implantation Stages of the Mouse in a Simple Chemically Defined Medium.” Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 17, no. 2 (1968): 399–401. doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0170399.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Whittingham, D. G., and J. D. Biggers. “Fallopian Tube and Early Cleavage in the Mouse.” Nature 213, no. 5079 (1967): 942–943. doi:10.1038/213942a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willison, K. R. “Microinjection of Mammalian Eggs.” PhD diss., University of Cambridge, 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, D. Tissue Culture in Science and Society: The Public Life of a Biological Technique in Twentieth Century Britain. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Wright, S. Molecular Politics: Developing American and British Regulatory Policy for Genetic Engineering, 1972–1982. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Yi, D. “Cancer, Viruses, and Mass Migration: Paul Berg’s Venture into Eukaryotic Biology and the Advent of Recombinant DNA Research and Technology, 1967–1980.” Journal of the History of Biology 41, no. 4 (2008): 589–636. doi:10.1007/s10739-008-9149-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, D. The Recombinant University: Genetic Engineering and the Emergence of Stanford Biotechnology. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 2015.
   Google Scholar