812
Views
38
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Soil-related Constraints to the Carbon Dioxide Fertilization Effect

&
Pages 342-357 | Published online: 17 Jul 2012

REFERENCES

  • Ainsworth , E. A. 2008 . Rice production in a changing climate: a meta-analysis of responses to elevated carbon dioxide and elevated ozone concentration . Glob. Change Biol , 14 : 1642 – 1650 .
  • Ainsworth , E. A. and Long , S. P. 2005 . What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2 . New Phytol. , 165 : 351 – 372 .
  • Ainsworth , E. A. and Rogers , A. 2007 . The response of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to rising CO2: mechanisms and environmental interactions . Plant, Cell and Environ , 30 : 258 – 270 .
  • Ainsworth , A. E. , Rogers , A. , Blum , H. , Nosberger , J. and Long , S. P. 2003 . Variation in acclimation of photosynthesis in Trifolium repens after eight years of exposure to free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) . J. Expt. Bot , 54 : 2769 – 2774 .
  • Allard , V. , Robin , C. , Newton , P. C. D. , Lieffering , M. and Soussana , J. F. 2006 . Short and long-term effects of elevated CO2 on Lolium perenne rhizodeposition and its consequences on soil organic matter turnover and plant N yield . Soil Biol. Biochem , 38 : 1178 – 1187 .
  • Almeida , J. P. F. , Hartwig , U. A. , Frehner , M. , Nosberger , J. and Luscher , A. 2000 . Evidence that P deficiency induces N feedback regulation of symbiotic N fixation in white clover . J. Expt. Bot. , 51 : 1289 – 1297 .
  • Baxter , R. , Ashenden , T. W. and Farrar , J. F. 1997 . Effect of elevated CO2 and nutrient status on growth, dry matter partitioning and nutrient content of Poa alpine var. vivipara . J. Expt. Bot , 48 : 1477 – 1486 .
  • Betts , R. A. , Boucher , O. , Collins , M. , Cox , P. M. , Falloon , P. , Gedney , N. , Hemming , D. L. , Huntigford , C. , Jones , C. D. , Sexton , D. M. H. and Webb , M. J. 2007 . Future runoff changes due to climate and plant responses to increasing carbon dioxide . Nature , 448 : 1037 – 1042 .
  • Bloom , A. J. , Burger , M. , Asensio , J. S. R. and Cousins , A. B . 2010 . Carbon dioxide inhibits nitrate assimilation in wheat and Arabidopsis . Science , 328 : 899 – 903 .
  • Campbell , C. D. and Sage , R. F. 2006 . Interaction between atmospheric CO2 content and P nutrition on photosynthesis in white lupin . Plant Cell Environ , 29 : 844 – 853 .
  • Canadell , J. G. , Corinne , L. Q. , Raupacha , M. R. , Fielde , C. B. , Buitenhuisc , E. T. , Philippe , C. , Conway , T. J. , Gillett , N. P. , Houghton , R. A. and Marland , G. 2007 . Contributions to accelerating atmospheric CO2 growth from economic activity, carbon intensity, and efficiency of natural sinks . Proc. National Acad. Sci. USA , 104 : 18866 – 18870 .
  • Cao , L. , Bala , G. , Caldeira , K. N. , Nemani , R. and Ban-Weiss , G. 2010 . Importance of carbon dioxide physiological forcing to future climate change . Proc. National Acad. Sci. USA , 107 : 9513 – 9518 .
  • Conroy , J. P. , Milham , P. J. and Barlow , E. W. R. 1992 . Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus availability on the growth response of Eucalyptus grandis to high CO2 . Plant Cell Environ , 15 : 843 – 847 .
  • Cotrufo , M. F. , Ineson , P. and Scott , A. 1998 . Elevated CO2 reduces the nitrogen concentration of plant tissues . Glob.Change Biol , 4 : 43 – 54 .
  • Crous , K. Y. , Reich , P. B. , Hunter , M. D. and Ellsworth , D. S. 2010 . Maintenance of leaf N controls the photosynthetic response of grassland species exposed to 9 years of free air CO2 enrichment . Glob. Change Biol , 16 : 2076 – 2088 .
  • Curtis , P. S. and Wang , X. 1998 . A meta-analysis of elevated CO2 effects on woody plant mass, form, and physiology . Oecologia , 113 : 299 – 313 .
  • Davis , M. A. , Reich , P. B. , Knoll , M. J. B. , Dooley , L. , Hundtoft , M. and Attleson , I. 2007 . Elevated atmospheric CO2: a nurse plant substitute for oak seedlings establishing in old fields . Glob. Change Biol , 13 : 2308 – 2316 .
  • de Graaff , M. A. , Schadt , C. W. , Rula , K. , Six , J. , Schweitzer , J. A. and Classen , A. T. 2011 . Elevated CO2 and plant species diversity interact to slow root decomposition . Soil Biol. Biochem , 43 : 2347 – 2354 .
  • de Graaff , M. A. , van Groenigen , K. J. , Six , J. , Hungate , B. and van Kessel , C. 2006 . Interactions between plant growth and soil nutrient cycling under elevated CO2: a meta-analysis . Glob. Change Biol , 12 : 2077 – 2091 .
  • Dijkstra , F. A. , Blumenthal , D. , Morgan , J. A. , Pendall , E. , Carrillo , Y. and Follett , R. F. 2010 . Contrasting effects of elevated CO2and warming on nitrogen cycling in a semiarid grassland . New Phytol. , 187 : 426 – 437 .
  • Dijkstra , F. A. , Pendall , E. , Mosier , A. R. , King , J. Y. , Milchunas , D. G. and Morgan , J. A. 2008 . Long-term enhancement of N availability and plant growth under elevated CO2 in a semi-arid grassland . Funct. Ecol , 22 : 975 – 982 .
  • Ellsworth , D. S. , Reich , P. B. , Naumburg , E. S. , Koch , G. W. , Kubiske , M. and Smith , S. 2004 . Photosynthesis, carboxylation and leaf nitrogen responses of 16 species to elevated pCO2 across four free-air CO2 enrichment experiments in forest, grassland and desert . Glob. Change Biol , 10 : 2121 – 2138 .
  • Fangmeier , A. , De Temmerman , L. , Mortensen , L. , Kemp , K. , Burke , J. , Mitchell , R. , van Oijen , M. and Weigel , H. J. 1999 . Effects on nutrients and on grain quality in spring wheat crops grown under elevated CO2 concentrations and stress conditions in the European, multiple-site experiment ‘ESPACE-wheat . European J. Agron , 10 : 215 – 229 .
  • Fangmeier , A. , Gruters , U. , Hogy , P. , Vermehren , B. and Jager , H. J. 1997 . Effects of elevated CO2, N supply and tropospheric ozone on spring wheat - II. Nutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn) . Environ. Pollut , 96 : 43 – 59 .
  • Finzi , A. C. , Moore , D. J. P. , De Lucia , E. H. , Lichter , J. , Hofmockel , K. S. , Jackson , R. B. , Kim , H.-S. , Matamala , R. , McCarthy , H. R. , Oren , R. , Pippen , J. S. and Schlesinger , W. H. 2006 . Progressive nitrogen limitation of ecosystem processes under elevated CO2 in a warm-temperate forest . Ecol , 87 : 15 – 25 .
  • Garten , C. T. , Iversen , C. M. and Norby , R. J. 2011 . Litterfall15N abundance indicates declining soil nitrogen availability in a free-air CO2 enrichment experiment . Ecol , 92 : 133 – 139 .
  • Gedney , N. , Cox , P. M. , Betts , R. A. , Boucher , O. , Huntingford , C. and Stott , P. A. 2006 . Detection of a direct carbon dioxide effect in continental river runoff records . Nature , 439 : 835 – 838 .
  • Gill , R. A. , Polley , H. W. , Johnson , H. B. , Anderson , L. J. , Maherali , H. and Jackson , R. B. 2002 . Nonlinear grassland responses to past and future atmospheric CO2 . Nature , 417 : 279 – 282 .
  • Grunzweig , J. M. and Korner , C. 2003 . Differential phosphorus and nitrogen effects drive species and community responses to elevated CO2 in semi-arid grassland . Funct. Ecol , 17 : 766 – 777 .
  • Hasan , R. 1996 . Phosphorus status of soils in India . Better Crops International , 10 : 4 – 5 .
  • Henry , H. A. L. , Cleland , E. E. , Field , C. B. and Vitousek , P. M. 2005 . Interactive effects of elevated CO2, N deposition and climate change on plant litter quality in a California annual grassland . Oecologia , 142 : 465 – 473 .
  • Hobbie , S. E. 2000 . Interactions between litter lignin and soil nitrogen availability during leaf litter decomposition in a Hawaiian montane forest . Ecosystems , 3 : 484 – 494 .
  • Holmes , W. E. , Zak , D. R. , Pregitzer , K. S. and King , J. S. 2006 . Elevated CO2 and O3 alter soil nitrogen transformations beneath trembling aspen, paper birch, and sugar maple . Ecosystems , 9 : 1354 – 1363 .
  • Hovenden , M. J. , Newton , P. C. D. , Carran , R. A. , Theobald , P. , Wills , K. E. , Vander Schoor , J. K. , Williams , A. L. and Osanai , Y. 2008 . Warming prevents the elevated CO2-induced reduction in available soil nitrogen in a temperate, perennial grassland . Glob. Change Biol , 14 : 1018 – 1024 .
  • Hungate , B. A. , Dukes , J. S. , Shaw , M. R. , Luo , Y. and Field , C. B. 2003 . Nitrogen and climate change . Science , 302 : 1512 – 1513 .
  • Hungate , B. A. , Reichstein , M. , Dijkstra , P. , Johnson , D. , Hymus , G. , Tenhunen , J. D. , Hinkle , C. R. and Drake , B. G . 2002 . Evapotranspiration and soil water content in a scrub-oak woodland under carbon dioxide enrichment . Glob. Change Biol , 8 : 289 – 298 .
  • Hungate , B. A. , Stiling , P. D. , Dijkstra , P. , Johnson , D. W. , Ketterer , M. E. , Hymus , G. J. , Hinkle , C. R. and Drake , B. G. 2004 . CO2 elicits long-term decline in nitrogen fixation . Science , 304 : 1291
  • Iversen , C. M. , Ledford , J. and Norby , R. J. 2008 . CO2 enrichment increases carbon and nitrogen input from fine roots in a deciduous forest . New Phytol , 179 : 837 – 847 .
  • Jarvis , A. J. , Mansfield , T. A. and Davies , W. J. 1999 . Stomatal behavior, photosynthesis and transpiration under rising CO2 . Plant Cell Environ , 22 : 639 – 648 .
  • Kang , S. J. , Zhang , F. C. , Hu , X. T. and Zhang , J. H. 2002 . Benefits of CO2 enrichment on crop plants are modified by soil water status . Plant Soil , 17 : 412 – 417 .
  • Karowe , D. N. 2007 . Are legume-feeding herbivores buffered against direct effects of elevated carbon dioxide on host plants? A test with the sulfur butterfly . Colias philodice. Glob. Change Biol , 13 : 2045 – 2051 .
  • Kergoat , L. , Lafont , S. , Douville , H. , Berthelot , B. , Dedieu , G. , Planton , S. and Royer , J. F. 2002 . Impact of doubled CO2 on global-scale leaf area index and evapotranspiration: conflicting stomatal conductance and LAI responses . J. Geophys. Res , 107 : 4808 – 4823 .
  • Kiehl , J. 2011 . Lessons from Earth's Past . Science , 331 : 158 – 159 .
  • Kim , H. Y. , Lieffering , M. , Kobayashi , K. , Okada , M. , Mitchell , M. W. and Gumpertz , M. 2003 . Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on the yield of temperate paddy rice crops . Field Crops Res. , 83 : 261 – 270 .
  • Kim , S. H. , Sicher , R. C. , Bae , H. , Gitz , D. C. , Baker , J. T. , Timlin , D. and Reddy , V. R. 2006 . Canopy photosynthesis, evapotranspiration, leaf N and transcription profiles of maize in response to CO2 enrichment . Glob. Change Biol , 12 : 588 – 600 .
  • Kimball , B. A. , Kobayashi , K. and Bindi , M. 2002 . Responses of agricultural crops to free-air CO2 enrichment . Adv. Agron , 77 : 293 – 368 .
  • King , J. S. , Pregitzer , K. S. , Zak , D. R. , Kubiske , M. E. , Ashby , J. A. and Holmes , W. E. 2001 . Chemistry and decomposition of tissue from Populus tremuloides grown at elevated atmospheric CO2 and varying N availability . Glob. Change Biol , 7 : 65 – 74 .
  • Knops , J. M. H. , Naeem , S. and Reich , P. B. 2007 . The impact of elevated CO2, increased nitrogen availability and biodiversity on plant tissue quality and decomposition . Glob. Change Biol , 13 : 1960 – 1971 .
  • Kobayashi , K. , Okada , M. , Kim , H. Y. , Lieffering , M. , Miura , S. and Hasegawa , T. 2006 . “ Paddy rice responses to free-air CO2 enrichment ” . In Ecological Studies Series , Edited by: Nosberger , J. , Long , S. P. , Norby , R. J. , Stitt , M. , Hendrey , G. R. and Blum , H. Vol. 187 , 87 – 104 . Springer Verlag, Berlin .
  • Lagomarsino , A. , Moscatelli , M. C. , Hoosbeek , M. R. , Angelis , P. D. and Grego , S. 2008 . Assessment of soil nitrogen and phosphorous availability under elevated CO2 and N-fertilization in a short rotation poplar plantation . Plant Soil , 308 : 131 – 147 .
  • Lal , R. 2008 . Carbon sequestration . Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. , 363 : 815 – 830 .
  • Le Quéré , C. , Raupach , M. R. , Canadell , J. G. , Marland , G. , Bopp , L. , Ciais , P. , Conway , T. J. , Doney , S. C. , Feely , R. A. , Foster , P. , Friedlingstein , P. , Gurney , K. , Houghton , R. A. , House , J. J. , Huntingford , C. , Levy , P. E. , Lomas , M. R. , Majkut , J. , Metzl , N. , Ometto , J. P. , Peters , G. P. , Prentice , I. C. , Randerson , J. T. , Running , S. W. , Sarmiento , J. L. , Schuster , U. , Sitch , S. , Takahashi , T. , Viovy , N. , van der Werf , G. R. and Woodward , F. I. 2009 . Trends in the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide . Nature Geo Sci , 2 : 831 – 836 .
  • Leakey , A. D. B. , Ainsworth , E. A. , Bernacchi , C. J. , Rogers , A. , Long , S. P. and Ort , D. R. 2009 . Elevated CO2 effects on plant carbon, nitrogen, and water relations; six important lessons from FACE . J. Exp. Bot , 60 : 2859 – 2876 .
  • Lee , T. D. , Barrott , S. H. and Reich , P. B. 2011 . Photosynthetic responses of 13 grassland species across 11 years of free-air CO2 enrichment is modest, consistent and independent of N supply . Glob. Change Biol , 17 : 2893 – 2904 .
  • Lee , T. D. , Tjoelker , M. G. , Ellsworth , D. S. and Reich , P. B. 2001 . Leaf gas exchange responses of 13 prairie grassland species to elevated CO2 and increased N supply . New Phytol , 150 : 405 – 418 .
  • Li , F. , Kang , S. , Zhang , J. and Cohen , S. 2003 . Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment, water status and applied N on water and N use efficiency of wheat . Plant Soil , 254 : 279 – 289 .
  • Liu , C. , Zhang , X. and Zhang , Y. 2002 . Determination of daily evaporation and evapotranspiration of winter wheat and maize by large-scale weighing lysimeter and micro-lysimeter . Agric. For. Meteorol , 111 : 109 – 120 .
  • Long , S. P. , Ainsworth , E. A. , Leakey , A. D. B. , Nosberger , J. and Ort , D. R. 2006 . Food for thought: Lower-than-expected crop yield stimulation with rising CO2 concentrations . Science , 312 : 1918 – 1921 .
  • Long , S. P. , Ainsworth , E. A. , Rogers , A. and Ort , D. R. 2004 . Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide: plants FACE the future . Ann. Rev. Plant Biol , 55 : 591 – 628 .
  • Luo , Y. , Su , B. , Currie , W. S. , Dukes , J. S. , Finzi , A. , Hartwig , U. , Hungate , B. , McMurtrie , R. E. , Oren , R. , Parton , W. J. , Pataki , D. E. , Shaw , M. R. , Zak , D. R. and Field , C. B. 2004 . Progressive nitrogen limitation of ecosystem responses to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide . Bioscience , 54 : 731 – 739 .
  • Luthi , D. , Floch , M. L. , Bereiter , B. , Blunier , T. , Barnola , J. M. , Siegenthaler , U. , Raynaud , D. , Jouzel , J. , Fischer , H. , Kawamura , K. and Stocker , T. F. 2008 . High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650,000–800,000 years before present . Nature , 453 : 379 – 382 .
  • Ma , H. , Zhu , J. , Xie , Z. , Liu , G. , Zeng , Q. and Han , Y. 2007 . Responses of rice and winter wheat to free-air CO2 enrichment (China FACE) at rice/wheat rotation system . Plant Soil , 294 : 137 – 146 .
  • Manderscheid , R. , Bender , J. , Jager , H. J. and Weigel , H. J. 1995 . Effects of season long CO2 enrichment on cereals. II. Nutrient concentrations and grain quality . Agric. Ecosyst. Environ , 54 : 175 – 185 .
  • Markelz , R. J. C. , Strellner , R. S. and Leakey , A. D. B. 2011 . Impairment of C4 photosynthesis is exacerbated by limiting N and ameliorated by elevated CO2 in maize . J. Exp. Bot , 62 : 3235 – 3246 .
  • Matamala , R. and Schlesinger , W. H. 2000 . Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on fine root production and activity in an intact temperate forest ecosystem . Glob. Change Biol , 6 : 967 – 979 .
  • Miglietta , F. , Giuntoli , A. and Bindi , M. 1996 . The effect of free air carbon dioxide enrichment and soil nitrogen availability on the photosynthetic capacity of wheat . Photosyn. Res , 47 : 281 – 290 .
  • Mikkelsen , R. L. and Fixen , P. E. 2003 . Soil test levels and nutrient budgets in the western US. Western Nutrient Management Conference Salt Lake City, UT . March 6–7
  • Mo , X. and Liu , S. 2001 . Simulating evapotranspiration and photosynthesis of winter wheat over the growing season . Agric. For. Meteorol , 109 : 203 – 222 .
  • Niklaus , P. A. and Korner , C. 2004 . Synthesis of a six-year study of calcareous grassland responses to in situ CO2 enrichment . Ecological Monographs , 74 : 491 – 511 .
  • Niklaus , P. A. , Leadley , P. W. , Stocklin , J. and Korner , C. 1998 . Nutrient relations in calcareous grassland under elevated CO2 . Oecologia , 116 : 67 – 75 .
  • Norby , R. J. 1998 . Nitrogen deposition: a component of global change analyses . New Phytol. , 139 : 189 – 200 .
  • Norby , R. J. , Cotrufo , M. F. , Ineson , P. , O’Neill , E. G. and Canadell , J. G. 2001 . Elevated CO2, litter chemistry, and decomposition: a synthesis . Oecologia , 127 : 153 – 165 .
  • Norby , R. J. and Zak , D. R. 2011 . Ecological lessons from free-air CO2enrichment (FACE) Experiments . Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst , 42 : 181 – 203 .
  • Nowak , R. S. , Zitzer , S. F. , Babcock , D. , Smith-Longozo , V. , Charlet , T. N. , Coleman , J. S. , Seemann , J. R. and Smith , S. D. 2004 . Elevated atmospheric CO2 does not conserve soil water in the Mojave Desert . Ecol , 85 : 93 – 99 .
  • Oren , R. , Ellsworth , D. S. , Johnsen , K. H. , Phillips , N. , Ewers , B. E. , Maier , C. , Schafer , K. V. R. , McCarthy , H. , Hendrey , G. , McNulty , S. G. and Katul , G. G. 2001 . Soil fertility limits carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems in a CO2-enriched atmosphere . Nature , 411 : 469 – 472 .
  • Owensby , C. E. , Ham , J. M. , Knapp , A. K. , Bremer , D. and Auen , L. M. 1997 . Water vapour fluxes and their impact under elevated CO2 in a tall grass Prairie . Glob. Change Biol , 3 : 189 – 195 .
  • Parsons , W. F. J. , Lindroth , R. L. and Bockheim , J. G. 2004 . Decomposition of Betula papyrifera leaf litter under the independent and interactive effects of elevated CO2 and O3 . Glob. Change Biol , 10 : 1666 – 1677 .
  • Parton , W. J. , Schimel , D. S. , Cole , C. V. and Ojima , D. S. 1987 . Analysis of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in great plains grasslands . Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , 51 : 1173 – 1179 .
  • Pearson , P. N. and Palmer , M. R. 2000 . Atmospheric CO2 concentration over past 60 million years . Nature , 406 : 695 – 699 .
  • Prior , S. A. , Rogers , H. H. , Mullins , G. L. and Runion , G. B. 2003 . The effect of atmospheric CO2 and P placement on cotton root deployment . Plant Soil , 255 : 179 – 187 .
  • Prior , S. A. , Rogers , H. H. , Runion , G. B. , Torbert , H. A. and Reicosky , D. C. 1997 . Carbon dioxide enriched agro-ecosystems: Influence of tillage on short-term soil carbon dioxide efflux . J. Environ. Qual , 26 : 244 – 252 .
  • Prior , S. A. , Torbert , H. A. , Runion , G. B. , Mullins , G. L. , Rogers , H. H. and Mauney , J. R. 1998 . Effect of carbon dioxide enrichment on cotton nutrient dynamics . J. Plant Nutrition , 21 : 1407 – 1426 .
  • Reich , P. B. , Hobbie , S. E. , Lee , T. , Ellsworth , D. S. , West , J. B. , Tilman , D. , Knops , J. M. H. , Naeem , S. and Trost , J. 2006a . Nitrogen limitation constrains sustainability of ecosystem response to CO2 . Nature , 440 : 922 – 925 .
  • Reich , P. B. , Hungate , B. A. and Luo , Y. 2006b . Carbon-nitrogen interactions in terrestrial ecosystems in response to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide . Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst , 37 : 611 – 636 .
  • Rogers , A. and Ainsworth , E. A. 2006 . “ The response of foliar carbohydrates to elevated CO2 ” . In Managed Ecosystems and CO2 , Edited by: Nosberger , J. , Long , S. P. , Norby , R. J. , Stitt , M. , Hendrey , G. R. and Blum , H. 293 – 308 . New York : Springer .
  • Rogers , A. , Ainsworth , E. A. and Leakey , A. D. B. 2009 . Will elevated carbon dioxide concentration amplify the benefits of nitrogen fixation in legumes? . Plant Physiol , 151 : 1009 – 1016 .
  • Rogers , A. , Fischer , B. U. , Jonathan , B. , Marco , F. , Blum , H. , Raines , C. A. and Long , S. P. 1998 . Acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO2 under low N nutrition is affected by the capacity for assimilate utilization in perennial ryegrass under free-air CO2enrichment . Plant Physiol , 118 : 683 – 689 .
  • Rogers , A. and Humphries , S. W. 2000 . A mechanistic evaluation of photosynthetic acclimation at elevated CO2 . Glob. Change Biol , 6 : 1005 – 1011 .
  • Rogers , G. S. , Payne , L. , Milham , P. and Conroy , J. 1993 . Nitrogen and P requirement of cotton and wheat under changing atmospheric CO2 concentration . Plant Soil , 155 : 231 – 234 .
  • Rogers , H. H. , Prior , S. A. , Runion , G. B. and Mitchell , R. J. 1996 . Root to shoot ratio of crops as influenced by CO2 . Plant Soil , 187 : 229 – 248 .
  • Rogers , H. H. , Runion , G. B. and Krupa , S. V. 1994 . Plant responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment with emphasis on roots and rhizosphere . Environ. Pollut , 83 : 155 – 189 .
  • Rogers , H. H. , Runion , G. B. , Prior , S. A. and Torbert , H. A. 1997 . “ Response of plants to elevated atmospheric CO2: Root growth, mineral nutrition, and soil carbon ” . In Carbon Dioxide and Environmental Stress , Edited by: Luo , Y. and Mooney , H. A. 215 – 244 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
  • Schutz , M. and Fangemeire , A. 2001 . Growth and yield response of spring wheat to elevated CO2 and water limitation . Environ. Pollution , 114 : 187 – 194 .
  • Stocklin , J. , Schweizer , K. and Korner , C. 1998 . Effects of elevated CO2 and P addition on productivity and community composition of intact monoliths from calcareous grasslands . Oecologia , 116 : 50 – 56 .
  • Taub , D. , Miller , B. and Allen , H. 2008 . Effects of elevated CO2 on the protein concentration of food crops: a meta-analysis . Glob. Change Biol , 14 : 565 – 575 .
  • Taub , D. R. and Wang , X. Z. 2008 . Why are nitrogen concentrations in plant tissues lower under elevated CO2? A critical examination of the hypotheses . J. Integrative Plant Biol , 50 : 1365 – 1374 .
  • Thompson , S. , Govindasamy , B. , Mirin , A. , Caldeira , K. , Delire , C. , Milovich , J. , Wickett , M. and Erickson , D. J. 2004 . Quantifying the effects of CO2fertilized vegetation on future global climate and carbon dynamics . Geophys. Res. Lett , 31 : L23211
  • Tingey , D. T. , Phillips , D. L. and Johnson , M. G. 2000 . Elevated CO2 and conifer roots: effects on growth, life span and turnover . New Phytol , 147 : 87 – 103 .
  • Tiwari , K. N. 2001 . Phosphorous needs of Indian soils and crops . Better Crops International , 15 : 6 – 10 .
  • Torbert , H. A. , Prior , S. A. and Rogers , H. H. 2001 . “ Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on soil C and N cycling ” . In Sustainable Management of Soil Organic Matter , Edited by: Rees , R. M. , Ball , B. C. , Campbell , C. D. and Watson , C. A. 309 – 315 . Wallingford, UK : CAB International .
  • Torbert , H. A. , Prior , S. A. , Rogers , H. H. and Runion , G. B. 2004 . Elevated atmospheric CO2 effects on N fertilization in grain sorghum and soybean . Field Crops Res , 88 : 47 – 57 .
  • United States Department of Agriculture . 2003 . Phosphorus retention potential map. Natural Resources Conservation Service , Washington, DC : USDA .
  • Van Groenigen , K. J. , Six , J. , Hungate , B. A. , de Graaff , M. A. , van Breemen , N. and van Kessel , C. 2006 . Element interactions limit soil carbon storage . Proc. National Acad. Sci. USA , 103 : 6571 – 6574 .
  • Vance , C. P. 2001 . Symbiotic N fixation and P acquisition – plant nutrition in a world of declining renewable resources . Plant Physiol. , 127 : 390 – 397 .
  • Vance , C. P. , Uhde-Stone , C. and Allan , D. L. 2003 . Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource . New Phytol , 157 : 427 – 447 .
  • Wand , S. J. E. , Midgley , G. F. and Jones , M. H. 1999 . Responses of wild C4 and C3 grass (Poaceae) species to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations: A meta-analytic test of current theories and perceptions . Glob. Change Biol , 5 : 723 – 741 .
  • Wang , Y. , Shao-Ting , D. , Ling-Ling , L. I. , Li-Dong , H. , Ping , F. , Xian-Yong , L. , Song , Z. Y. and Hai Ling , W. 2009 . Effect of CO2 elevation on root growth and its relationship with Indole Acetic Acid and Ethylene in tomato seedlings . Pedosphere , 19 : 570 – 576 .
  • Warren , J. M. , Norby , R. J. and Wullschleger , S. D. 2011 . Elevated CO2 enhances leaf senescence during extreme drought in a temperate forest . Tree Physiol , 31 : 117 – 130 .
  • Wieser , H. , Manderscheid , R. , Erbs , M. and Weigel , H. M. 2008 . Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations on the Quantitative Protein Composition of Wheat Grain . J. Agric. Food Chem , 56 : 6531 – 6535 .
  • World Meteorological Organization . 2011 . The State of Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2010, WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin No. 7, 21 November, Geneva
  • Yamakawa , Y. , Saigusa , M. , Okada , M. and Kobayashi , K. 2004 . Nutrient uptake by rice and soil solution composition under atmospheric CO2 enrichment . Plant Soil , 259 : 367 – 372 .
  • Yang , L. , Wang , Y. , Huang , J. , Zhu , Z. , Yang , H. , Liu , G. , Liu , H. , Dong , G. and Hu , J. 2007 . Seasonal changes in the effects of FACE on P uptake and utilization of rice at three levels of N fertilization . Field Crops Res , 102 : 141 – 150 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.