10
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Expression of Polyproteins in Euglena

&
Pages 1-17 | Published online: 02 Dec 2008

References

  • Ellis , R. J. 1981 . Chloroplast proteins: synthesis, transport, and assembly . Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. , 32 : 111
  • Palmer , J. D. 1985 . Comparative organization of chloroplast genomes . Annu. Rev. Genet. , 19 : 325
  • Pichersky , E. 1990 . Nomad DNA‐A model for movement and duplication of DNA sequences in plant genomes . Plant Mol. Biol. , 15 : 437
  • Tobin , E. M. and Silverthorne , J. 1985 . Light regulation of gene expression in higher plants . Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. , 36 : 569
  • Krebbers , E. T. , Larrinua , I. M. , McIntosh , L. and Bogorad , L. 1982 . The maize chloroplast genes for the beta and epsilon subunits of the photosynthetic coupling factor CF1 are fused . Nucleic Acids Res. , 10 : 4985
  • Alt , J. , Morris , J. , Westhoff , P. and Herrmann , R. G. 1984 . Nucleotide sequence of the clustered genes for the 44 kD chlorophyll a apoprotein and the “32 kD”‐like protein of the photosystem II reaction center in the spinach plastic chromosome . Curr. Genet , 8 : 597
  • Angenon , G. , Uotila , J. , Kurkela , S. A. , Teeri , T. H. , Botterman , J. , van Montagu , M. and Depicker , A. 1989 . Expression of dicistronic transcrip‐tional units in transgenic tobacco . Mol. Cell Biol. , 9 : 5676
  • Borst , P. 1986 . Discontinuous transcription and antigenic variation in Trypanosoma . Annu. Rev. Biochem. , 55 : 701
  • Laird , P. W. 1989 . Transsplicing in trypanosomes — archaism or adaptation? . Trends Genet. , 5 : 204
  • Kitamura , N. , Semler , B. , Rothberg , P. G. , Larsen , G. R. and Adler , C. J. 1981 . Primary structure, gene organization and polypeptide expression of poliovirus RNA . Nature , 291 : 547
  • Palmenberg , A. C. 1990 . Proteolytic processing of Pi‐cornaviral polyprotein . Annu. Rev. Microbiol. , 44 : 603
  • Goldbach , R. 1987 . Genome similarities between plant and animal RNA viruses . Microbiol. Sci. , 4 : 197
  • Finley , D. and Varshavsky , A. 1985 . The ubiquitin system: functional mechanisms . Trends Biochem. Sci. , 10 : 313
  • Rechsteiner , M. 1987 . Ubiquitin mediated pathways for intracellularproteolysis . Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. , 3 : 1
  • Ozkaynak , F. , Finley , D. , Solomon , M. J. and Varshavsky , A. 1987 . The yeast ubiquitin genes: a family of natural gene fusions . EMBO J. , 6 : 1429
  • Gausing , K. and Barkardottir , R. 1986 . Structure and expression of ubiquitin genes in higher plants . Eur. J. Biochem. , 158 : 57
  • Jonnalagadda , S. , Butt , T. R. , Monia , B. P. , Mirabelli , C. K. , Gotlib , L. , Ecker , D. J. and Crooke , S. T. 1989 . Multiple (αNH‐ubiquitin) protein en‐doproteases in cells . J. Biol. Chem. , 264 : 10637
  • Douglass , J. , Civelli , O. and Herbert , E. 1984 . Polyprotein gene expression: generation of diversity of neuroendocrine peptides . Annu. Rev. Biochem. , 53 : 665
  • Sharief , F. S. and Li , S.‐L. 1982 . Amino acid sequence of the small and large subunits of seed storage proteins from Ricinus communis . J. Biol. Chem. , 257 : 14753
  • Butterworth , A. G. and Lord , J. M. 1983 . Ricin and Ricinus communis agglutinin subunits are all derived from single sized precursor polypeptides . Eur. J. Biochem. , 137 : 57
  • Irwin , S. D. , Keen , J. N. , Findlay , J. B. C. and Lord , J. M. 1990 . The Ricinus communis 2S albumin precursor: a single preprotein may be processed into two different heterodimeric storage proteins . Mol. Gen. Genet. , 222 : 400
  • Sharif , A. L. , Smith , A. G. and Abell , C. 1989 . Isolation and characterisation of a cDNA clone for a chlorophyll synthesis enzyme from Euglena gracilis. The chloroplast enzyme hydroxymethylbilane syn‐thase (porphobilinogen deaminase) is synthesized with a very long transit peptide . Eur. J. Biochem. , 184 : 353
  • Krauspe , R. , Lerbs , S. , Parthier , B. and Wollgiehn , R. 1987 . Light induction of translatable mRNAs for chloroplastic leucyl‐ and valyl‐tRNA synthetases of Euglena gracilis . J. Plant Physiol. , 130 : 327
  • Breitenberger , C. A. , Graves , M. C. and Spremulli , L. L. 1979 . Evidence for the nuclear location of the gene for chloroplast elongation factor G . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , 194 : 265
  • Montandon , P. E. and Stutz , E. 1990 . Structure and expression of the Euglena gracilis nuclear gene coding for the translation elongation factor EF‐lα . Nucleic Acids Res. , 18 : 75
  • Schantz , M. L. and Schantz , R. 1989 . Sequence of a cDNA encoding β tubulin from Euglena gracilis . Nucleic Acids Res. , 16 : 6787
  • Saint‐Guily, A., Schantz, M. L., and Schantz, R., Structure and expression of the histone H2A cDNA from Euglena, in preparation.
  • Mukai , K. , Wakabayashi , S. and Matsubara , H. 1989 . Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding Euglena gracilis cytochrome cl . J. Biochem. , 106 : 479
  • Thornber , J. P. 1986 . “ Biochemical characterization and structure of pigment‐proteins of photosynthetic organisms ” . In Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series , Edited by: Staehelin , L. A. and Arntzen , C. J. 98 Berlin : Springer‐Verlag .
  • Bassi , R. , Hoyer‐Hansen , G. , Barbato , R. , Giacometti , G. M. and Simpson , D. J. 1987 . Chlorophyll‐proteins of the photosystem II antenna system . J. Biol. Chem. , 262 : 1333
  • Green , B. R. , Pichersky , E. and Kloppstech , K. 1991 . Chlorophyll a/b‐binding proteins: an extended family . Trends Biochem. Sci. , 16 : 181
  • Cunningham , F. X. and Schiff , J. A. 1986 . Chlorophyll‐protein complexes from Euglena gracilis and mutants deficient in chlorophyll b. I. Pigment composition . Plant Physiol. , 80 : 223
  • Ortiz , W. and Stutz , E. 1980 . Synthesis of polypeptides of the chlorophyll protein complexes in isolated chlo‐roplasts of Euglena gracilis . FEBS Lett. , 116 : 298
  • Pineau , B. , Dubertret , G. and Schantz , R. 1985 . Functional and structural organization of chlorophyll in the developing photosynthetic membranes of Euglena gracilis Z. V. Separation and characterization of pigment‐protein complexes of the differentiated thyla‐koids . Photosynthesis Res. , 6 : 159
  • Schantz , R. , Blee , E. , Chammai , A. and Wolff , B. 1981 . Origin and biosynthesis of some chloroplast specific components in Euglena gracilis Z . Ber Dtsch. Bot. Ges. , 94 : 449
  • Cunningham , F. X. and Schiff , J. A. 1986 . Chlorophyll‐protein complexes from Euglena gracilis and mutants deficient in chlorophyll b. U. Polypeptide composition . Plant Physiol. , 80 : 231
  • Devic , M. and Schantz , R. 1984 . “ Light‐induced biosynthesis of chlorophyll‐binding proteins in Euglena ” . In Advances in Photosynthesis Research , Edited by: Sybesma , C. 575 Amsterdam : Nijhoff and Junk .
  • Evans , D. K. and Anderson , J. M. 1986 . The chlorophyll a/b proteins of PSI and PSII are immunologically related . FEBS Lett. , 199 : 227
  • White , J. M. and Green , B. R. 1987 . Antibodies to the photosystem I chlorophyll a+b antenna cross‐react with polypeptides of CP29 and LHCII . Eur. J. Biochem. , 163 : 545
  • Keegstra , K. , Isen , L. J. and Theg , S. M. 1989 . Chlo‐roplastic precursors and their transport acrss the envelope membranes . Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. , 40 : 471
  • Rikin , A. and Schwartzbach , S. D. 1988 . Extremely large and slowly processed precursors to the Euglena light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding proteins of photosystem II . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 85 : 5117
  • Houlne , G. and Schantz , R. 1988 . Characterization of cDNA sequences for LHCI apoproteins in Euglena gracilis: the mRNA encodes a large precursor containing several consecutive divergent polypeptides . Mol. Gen. Genet. , 213 : 479
  • Houlne , G. and Schantz , R. 1987 . Molecular analysis of the transcripts encoding the light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein in Euglena gracilis: unusual size of the mRNA . Curr. Genet. , 12 : 611
  • Schiff , J. A. , Schwartzbach , S. D. , Osafune , T. and Hase , E. 1991 . Photocontrol and processing of LHCPII apoprotein in Euglena: possible role of Golgi and other cytoplasmic sites . J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol. , 11 : 219
  • Weiss , C. , Houlné , G. , Schantz , M. L. and Schantz , R. 1988 . Photoregulation of the synthesis of chloroplast membrane proteins in Euglena gracilis . J. Plant Physiol. , 133 : 521
  • Rikin , A. and Schwartzbach , S. D. 1989 . Regulation by light and ethanol of the synthesis of the light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b‐binding protein of photosystem II in Euglena . Planta , 178 : 76
  • Muchhal , U. S. and Schwartzbach , S. D. 1992 . Characterization of a Euglena gene encoding a polyprotein precursor to the light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of photosystem II . Plant Mol. Biol. , 18 : 287
  • Lorimer , G. 1981 . The carboxylation and oxygenation of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate: the primary events in photosynthesis and photorespiration . Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. , 32 : 349
  • Coen , D. M. , Bedbrook , J. R. , Bogorad , L. and Rich , A. 1977 . Maize chloroplast DNA fragment encoding the large subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxyl‐ase . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 74 : 5487
  • Chua , N. H. and Schmidt , G. W. 1978 . Post‐translational transport into intact chloroplast of a precursor to the small subunit of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carbox‐ylase . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 75 : 6110
  • Dean , C. , Van der Elzen , P. , Tamaki , S. , Black , M. , Dunsmuir , P. and Bedbrook , J. 1987 . Molecular characterization of the rbcS multi‐gene family of Petunia (Mitchell) . Mol. Gen. Genet. , 206 : 465
  • Krebbers , E. , Seurinck , J. , Herdies , L. , Cashmore , A. R. and Timko , M. P. 1988 . Four genes in two diverged subfamilies encode the ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit polypeptides of Arabidopsis thaliana . Plant Mol. Biol. , 11 : 745
  • Poulsen , C. , Fluhr , R. , Kauffman , J. M. , Boutry , M. and Chua , N. H. 1986 . Characterization of an rbcS gene from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and expression of an rbcS‐CAT chimeric gene in homologous and heterologous nuclear background . Mol. Gen. Genet. , 205 : 193
  • Pichersky , E. , Bernatzky , R. , Tanksley , S. D. and Cashmore , A. R. 1986 . Evidence for selection as a mechanism in the conceited evolution of Lycopersicon es‐culentum (tomato) genes encoding the small subunit of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 83 : 3880
  • Freyssinet , G. , Freyssinet , M. and Buetow , D. E. 1983 . Immunodetection of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate car‐boxylase in mutants of Euglena gracilis impaired in photosynthesis . Plant Sci. Lett. , 32 : 61
  • Chan , R. , Keller , M. , Canaday , J. , Weil , J. H. and Imbault , P. 1990 . Eight small subunits of Euglena ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase are translated from a large mRNA as a polyprotein . EMBO J. , 9 : 333
  • von Heijne , G. 1985 . Signal sequences . J. Mol. Biol. , 184 : 99
  • Lefort‐Tran , M. 1981 . The triple layered organization of the Euglena chloroplast envelope (signification and functions) . Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges. , 94 : 463
  • Keller , M. , Chan , R. L. , Tessier , L. H. , Weil , J. H. and Imbault , P. 1991 . Post‐transcriptional regulation by light of the biosynthesis of Euglena ribulose‐1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small sub‐unit . Plant Mol. Biol. , 17 : 73
  • Chitnis , P. R. , Harel , E. , Kohorn , B. D. , Tobin , E. M. and Thornber , J. P. 1986 . Assembly of the precursor and processed light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of Lemna gibba into the light‐harvesting complex II of barley Hordeum vulgare cultivar poco etiochloroplasts . J. Cell Biol. , 102 : 982
  • Osafune , T. , Schiff , J. A. and Hase , E. 1991 . Stage‐dependent localization of LHCP II apoprotein in the Golgi of synchronized cells of Euglena gracilis by immunogold electron microscopy . Exp. Cell Res. , 193 : 320
  • Simpson , J. and Herrera‐Estrella , L. 1990 . Light‐regulated gene expression . Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. , 9 (1) : 95
  • Salvador , G. , Lefort‐Tran , M. , Nigon , V. and Jourdan , F. 1971 . Structure et Evolution du corps prola‐mellaire dans les proplastes d'Euglena gracilis . Exp. Cell Res. , 64 : 457
  • Schantz , R. , Salaun , J. P. , Schantz , R. and Duranton , H. 1971 . Variation de la teneur en glucides libres chez Euglena gracilis durant la formation des structures plastidiales . C.R. Acad. Sci. , 273 : 1795
  • Stern , A. I. , Schiff , J. A. and Epstein , H. T. 1964 . Studies of chloroplastic development in Euglena. V. Pigment biosynthesis, photosynthetic oxygen evolution and carbon dioxide fixation during chloroplast development . Plant Physiol , 39 : 220
  • Freyssinet , G. , Eichholtz , R. L. and Buetow , D. E. 1984 . Kinetics of accumulation of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase during greening in Euglena gracilis. Photoregulation . Plant Physiol. , 75 : 850
  • Freyssinet , G. , Freyssinet , M. and Buetow , D. E. 1984 . Kinetics of accumulation of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase during greening in Euglena gracilis. Nutritional regulation . Plant Physiol. , 75 : 858
  • Bouet , C. , Schantz , R. , Dubertret , G. , Pineau , B. and Ledoigt , G. 1986 . Translational regulation of protein synthesis during light‐induced chloroplast development in Euglena . Planta , 167 : 511
  • McCarthy , S. A. and Schwartzbach , S. D. 1984 . Absence of photoregulation of abundant mRNA levels in Euglena . Plant Sci. Lett. , 35 : 61
  • Apel , K. and Kloppstech , K. 1980 . The effect of light on the biosynthesis of the light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein. Evidence for the requirement of chlorophyll a for the stabilization of the aproprotein . Planta , 150 : 426
  • Bingham , S. and Schiff , J. A. 1979 . Events surrounding the early development of Euglena chloroplasts: plas‐tid thylakoid polypeptides during greening . Biochim. Biophys. Acta , 547 : 531
  • Spano , A. J. , Ghaus , H. and Schiff , J. A. 1987 . Chlorophyll‐protein complexes and other thylakoid components at the low intensity threshold in Euglena chloroplast development . Plant Cell Physiol. , 28 : 1101
  • Dubertret , G. 1981 . Functional and structural organization of chlorophyll in the developing photosynthetic membranes of Euglena gracilis Z . Plant Physiol. , 67 : 47
  • Schwartzbach , S. D. 1990 . Photocontrol of organelle biogenesis in Euglena . Photochem. Photobiol. , 51 : 231
  • Horrum , M. A. and Schwartzbach , S. D. 1980 . Nutritional regulation of organelle biogenesis in Euglena. Repression of chlorophyll and NADP‐glyceralde‐hyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase synthesis . Plant Physiol. , 55 : 382
  • Yi , L. S. H. , Gilbert , W. and Buetow , D. E. 1985 . Temporal appearance of chlorophyll‐protein complexes and the N,N1 dicylcohexylcarbodiimide‐bind‐ing coupling factoro‐subunit III in forming thylakoid membranes of Euglena . J. Plant Physiol. , 118 : 7
  • Monroy , A. F. , McCarthy , S. A. and Schwartzbach , S. D. 1987 . Evidence for translational regulation of chloroplast and mitochondrial biogenesis in Euglena . Plant Sci. , 51 : 61
  • Weiss , C. , Houlnl , G. and Schantz , R. 1992 . Photo‐control of thylakoid protein synthesis in Euglena: differential post‐transcriptional regulation depending on nutritional conditions . Planta , 188 : 468
  • Ballinger , D. G. and Pardue , M. L. 1983 . The control of protein synthesis during heat shock in Drosophila cells involves altered polypeptide elongation rates . Cell , 33 : 103
  • Thomas , G. P. and Mathews , M. B. 1984 . Alterations of transcription and translation in HELA cells exposed to amino‐acids analogs . Mol. Cell Biol. , 4 : 1063
  • Berry , J. O. , Breiding , D. E. and Klessig , D. G. 1990 . Light‐mediated control of translational initiation of‐ribulose‐l,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase in Amaranth cotyledons . Plant Cell , 2 : 795
  • Levine , N. D. , Corliss , J. O. , Cox , F. E. G. , Deroux , G. , Grain , J. , Honigberg , B. M. , Leedale , G. F. , Loeblich , I. A. R. , Lom , J. , Lynn , D. , Merinfeld , E. G. , Page , F. C. , Poljansky , G. , Sprague , V. and Vayra , J. W. 1980 . EG, a newly revised classification of the Protozoa . J. Protozool. , 27 : 37
  • Leedale , G. F. 1968 . “ The nucleus of Euglena ” . In Biology of Euglena , Edited by: Buetow , D. E. 185 New York : Academic Press .
  • Magnaval , R. , Valencia , R. and Paoletti , J. 1980 . Sub‐unit organization of Euglena gracilis chromatin . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , 92 : 1415
  • Vogel , H. J. , Thompson , J. S. and Shockman , G. D. 1970 . “ Characteristic metabolic patterns of prokar‐yotes and eukaryotes ” . In Organization and Control in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells , Edited by: Charles , H. P. and Knight , B. C. J. G. 107 London : Cambridge University Press .
  • Chang , S. H. , Hecker , L. I. , Brum , C. K. , Schnabel , J. J. , Heckmann , J. E. , Siberklang , M. , Raj Bhandary , U. I. and Barnett , W. E. 1981 . The nucleotide sequence of Euglena cytoplasmic phenyl‐alanine transfer RNA. Evidence for possible classification of Euglena among the animal rather than the plant kingdom . Nucleic Acids Res. , 9 : 3199
  • Beck , C. M. and Spremulli , L. L. 1982 . Purification of Euglena gracilis elongation factor 1, a cytoplasmic factor that also functions on prokaryotic and orga‐nellar ribosomes . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , 215 : 414
  • Ernst‐Fonberg , M. L. and Bloch , K. 1971 . A chloro‐plast‐associated fatty acid synthetase system in Euglena . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , 143 : 392
  • Evrard , J. L. , Kuntz , M. and Weil , J. H. 1990 . The nucleotide sequence of five ribosomal protein genes from the cyanelles of Cyanophora paradoxa: implications concerning the phylogenetic relationship between cyanelles and chloroplasts . J. Mol. Evol. , 30 : 16
  • Dams , E. , Hendriks , L. , Van de Peer , Y. , Neefs , J. M. , Smits , G. , Vandenbempt , I. and De Wachter , R. 1988 . Compilation of small ribosomal sub‐unit RNA sequences . Nucleic Acids Res. , 16 : 87
  • Tessier , L. H. , Keller , M. L. , Chan , R. , Founder , R. , Weil , J. H. and Imbault , P. 1991 . Short leader sequences may be transferred from small RNAs to premature mRNAs by trans‐splicing in Euglena . EMBO J. , 10 : 2621
  • Delcour , J. , Smolders , S. and de Saint‐Georges , L. 1980 . “ Polysome configuration and mRNA stability in the bovine lens ” . In Ageing of the Lens , Edited by: Regnault , F. , Hockwin , O. and Courtois , Y. 15 Amsterdam : Elsevier/North‐Holland .
  • Sachs , A. B. and Davis , R. W. 1989 . The poly(A) binding protein is required for poly(A) shortening and 60S ribosomal subunit‐dependent translation initiation . Cell , 58 : 857
  • Sachs , A. B. and Davis , R. W. 1990 . Translation initiation and ribosomal biogenesis: involvement of a putative rRNA helicase and RPL 46 . Science , 247 : 1077
  • Nierzwicki‐Bauer , S. A. , Curtis , S. E. and Haselkorn , R. 1984 . Cotranscription of genes encoding the small and large subunit of ribulose‐l,5‐bisphos‐phate carboxylase in the cyanobacterium Anabaena 7120 . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 81 : 5961
  • Starnes , S. M. , Lambert , D. H. , Maxwell , E. S. , Stevens , S. E. , Porter , R. D. and Shively , J. M. 1985 . Cotranscription of the large and small subunit genes of ribulose‐l,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in Cyanophora paradoxa . FEMS Lett. , 28 : 165
  • Valentin , K. and Zetsche , K. 1989 . The genes of both subunits of ribulose‐l,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase constitute an operon on the plastome of a red alga . Curr. Genet. , 16 : 203
  • Lemaux , P. G. and Grossman , A. R. 1985 . Major light‐harvesting polypeptides encoded in polycistronic transcripts in a eukaryotic alga . EMBO J. , 4 : 1911
  • Deruere, J. and Schantz, R., unpublished results.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.