Perceptions of Living Alone Among Older Adult Women

REFERENCES

• Bureau of the Census, National Institute on Aging. 1993 . Profiles of America's Elderly: Living Arrangements of the Elderly. No. 4. , Washington, DC : US Department of Commerce and US Department of Health and Human Services .
   Google Scholar
• Campion , E. W. 1996 . “ Home alone, and in danger. ” . In The New England Journal of Medicine Vol. 334 , 1738 – 1739 .
   Google Scholar
• Cattan , M. , White , M. , Bond , J. and Learmouth , A. 2005 . “ Preventing social isolation and loneliness among older people: A systematic review of health promotion interventions. ” . In Ageing & Society Vol. 25 , 41 – 67 .
   Google Scholar
• Chandler , J. , Williams , M. , Maconachie , M. , Collett , T. and Dodgeon , B. 2004 . Living alone: Its place in household formation and change. . Sociological Research Online , 9 (3)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chou , K. L. and Chi , I. 2000 . Comparison between elderly Chinese living alone and those living with others. . Journal of Gerontological Social Work , 33 : 51 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Costa , D. L. 1999 . A house of her own: Old age assistance and the living arrangements of older nonmarried women. . Journal of Public Economics , 72 : 39 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis , M. A. , Moritz , D. J. , Neuhaus , J. M. , Barclay , J. D. and Gee , L. 1997 . Living arrangements, changes in living arrangements, and survival among community dwelling older adults. . American Journal of Public Health , 87 : 371 – 377 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis , M. A. , Neuhaus , J. M. , Moritz. , D. J. and Segal , M. R. 1992 . Living arrangements and survival among middle-aged and older adults in the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-Up Study. . American Journal of Public Health , 82 : 401 – 406 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dean , A. , Kolody , B. , Wood , P. and Matt , G. E. 1992 . The influence of living alone on depression in elderly persons. . Journal of Aging and Health , 4 : 3 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Findlay , R. A. 2003 . Interventions to reduce social isolation amongst older people: Where is the evidence? . Ageing & Society , 23 : 647 – 658 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurley , R. J. , Lum , N. , Sande , M. , Lo , B. and Katz , M. H. 2001 . Persons found in their homes helpless or dead. . New England Journal of Medicine , 334 : 1710 – 1716 .
   Google Scholar
• Iliffe , S. , Tai , S. S. , Haines , A. , Gallivan , S. , Goldenberg , A. B. and Morgan , P. 1992 . Are elderly people living alone an at risk group? . British Medical Journal , 305 : 1001 – 1005 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irwin , M. , Artin , H A. and Oxman , M. N. 1999 . Screening for depression in the older adult. . Archives of Internal Medicine , 159 : 1701 – 1704 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins , C. L. 2003 . Introduction: Widows and divorcees in later life. . Journal of Women & Aging , 15 : 1 – 6 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , C. and Rhee , K. 1997 . Variations in preferred living arrangements among Korean elderly parents. . Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology , 12 : 189 – 202 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kinsella , K. 1995 . “ Aging and the family: Present and future demographic issues ” . In Handbook of aging and the family , Edited by: Blieszner , R. and Bedford , V. H. 32 – 94 . Westport, CT : Greenwood Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kramarow , E. A. 1995 . The elderly who live alone in the United States: Historical perspectives on household change. . Demography , 32 : 335 – 353 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Letvak , S. 1997 . Relational experiences of elderly women living alone in rural communities: A phenomenological inquiry. . Journal of the New York State Nurses Association , 28 : 20 – 25 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Macunovich , D. J. , Easterlin , R. A. , Schaeffer , C. M. and Crimmins , E. M. 1995 . Echoes of the Baby Boom and bust: Recent and prospective changes in the living alone among elderly widows in the United States. . Demography , 32 : 17 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrissey , S. 1998 . Resources and characteristics of elderly women who live alone. . Health Care for Women International , 19 : 411 – 421 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mui , A. C. and Burnette , J. D. 1994 . A comparative profile of frail elderly persons living alone and those living with others. . Journal of Gerontological Social Work , 21 : 5 – 26 .
   Google Scholar
• Nakonezny , P. A. , Rodgers , J. L. and Nussbaum , J. F. 2003 . The effect of later life parental divorce on adult-child/older-parent solidarity: A test of the buffering hypothesis. . Journal of Applied Psychology , 33 : 1153 – 1179 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Center for Health Statistics , Cohen , R. A. and Van Nostrand , J. F. 1995 . Trends in the health of older Americans: United States, 1994 , Washington, DC : Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Perry , G. 1990 . Loneliness and coping among tertiary level adult cancer patients in the home. . Cancer Nursing , 13 : 293 – 302 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter , E. J. 1998 . Older widows' intention to keep the generations separate. . Health Care for Women International , 19 : 395 – 410 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Porter , E. J. 1994 . “Reducing my risks”: A phenomenon of older widows' lived experience. . Advances in Nursing Science , 17 : 54 – 65 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radloff , L. S. 1977 . The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. . Applied Psychological Measurement , 1 : 385 – 401 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Routasalo , P. E. , Savikko , N. , Tilvis , R. S. , Strandberg , T. E. and Pitkala , K. H. 2006 . Social contacts and their relationship to loneliness among aged people—A population-based study. . Gerontology , 52 : 181 – 187 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell , D. , Peplau , L. A. and Cutrona , M. 1980 . The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 39 : 472 – 480 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarwari , A. R. , Freedman , L. , Langenberg , P. and Magaziner , J. 1998 . Prospective study on the relation between living arrangement and change in functional health status of elderly women. . American Journal of Epidemiology , 147 : 370 – 378 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinbach , U. 1992 . Social networks, institutionalization, and mortality among elderly people in the United States. . Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences , 47 : S183 – S190 .
   Google Scholar
• Stroup , A. L. and Pollock , G. E. 1999 . Economic well-being among white elderly divorced. . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 31 : 53 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Swenson , M. M. 1998 . The meaning of home to five elderly women. . Health Care for Women International , 19 : 381 – 393 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tomaka , J. , Thompson , S. and Palacios , R. 2006 . The relation of social isolation, loneliness, and social support to disease outcomes among the elderly. . Journal of Aging and Health , 18 : 359 – 384 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolinsky , F. D. , Callahan , C. M. , Fitzgerald , J. F. and Johnson , R. J. 1992 . The risk of nursing home placement and subsequent death among older adults. . Journal of Gerontology: Social Science , 47 : S173 – S182 .
   Google Scholar
• Yeh , S. J. and Lo , S. K. 2004 . Living alone, social support, and feeling lonely among the elderly. . Social Behavior and Personality , 32 : 129 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmer , Z. 2005 . Health and living arrangement transitions among China's oldest-old. . Research on Aging , 27 : 526 – 555 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar