DETERMINING THE SOURCE OF CHANGING SHRINKAGE RATES DURING KILN DRYINGFootnote∗

∗Patented 5,873,182

REFERENCES

• Bello , E. ,} 1972 , Effects of temperature and moisture content on the tangential shrinkage and stress-strain behavior of wood and their relation to drying , Ph.D. Thesis , University of Wisconsin-Madison , WI .
   Google Scholar
• Boone , S. , Kozlik , C. , Bois , P. , Wengen , E. , 1988 , Dry kiln schedule for commercial woods: Temperate and tropical. FPL-GTR-57. , U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory Madison , Wisconsin .
   Google Scholar
• Erickson , R. , 1994 , The effect of drying temperature on the mechano-sorptive behavior of red oak lumber. Drying Technology. , 12 ( 8 ). pp. 1943 – 1961 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forest Products Laboratory , 1987 , Wood Handbook: Wood as an engineering material , Agric. Handbook 72 , Washington , DC , U.S. Department of Agriculture : Rev 1987 , 466pp.
   Google Scholar
• Fonin , Y. , Ilieva , M. , Cloutier , A. , Laforest , P. , 1994 , Potential use of a semi-ring extensiometer for continuous wood surface strain measurement during kiln drying , 4^th IUFRO International Wood Drying Conference. , Rotorua , New Zealand , pp. 329 – 334 .
   Google Scholar
• Fuller , James , 1993 , Lumber drying stress development and prong test implications , Ph.D. Thesis , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina .
   Google Scholar
• McMillen , I. , 1963 , Stresses in wood during drying , Repon 1651 , U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory , Madison . WI .
   Google Scholar
• Olson , I. , Chang , S. , 1990 , Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: A noninvasive analysis of moisture distributions in white oak lumber , Canadian Journal of Forest Resources , 20 ( 5 ), pp. 586 – 591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peck , E. , 1928 , Shrinkage of boards of Douglas fir , western yellow and southern pines , American Lumberman , 52 , pp. 12 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Perre , P. , Canteri , L. , Martin , M. , 1994 , Surface strain measurements during convective drying at high temperature as a quality criterion. 4^th IUFRD International Wood Drying Conference , Rotorua , New Zealand , pp. 465 – 466 .
   Google Scholar
• Rice , R. , Youngs , R. , 1990 . The mechanism and development of creep during drying of red oak. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff , 48 , pp. 13 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Rietz , R. , 1955 , Accelerating the kiln drying of hardwoods , Southern Lumberman 181 (2262), pp. 43 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Ross , R. , 1981 , Refinements of the shrinkage-strain control (S-S-C) method of lumber dry kiln schcdule analysis , MS. Thesis , Michigan Technological University , Houghton Michigan .
   Google Scholar
• Ugolev , B. , 1955 , Method of measuring internal stresses in wood during air drying , Zavodskaya Laboratory , Moscow. , PST Cat No. 167.
   Google Scholar
• Worsley , K.J. , 1983 , Testing for a two-phase multiple regression , Technometrics , 25 ( 1 ). pp. 3542 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ∗Patented 5,873,182
   Google Scholar