Mixing and segregation of wheat bran and vegetable pieces binary mixtures in fluidized and fluid-spout beds for atmospheric freeze-drying

References

• Claussen, I.; Ustad, T.; Strømmen, I.; Walde, P. Atmospheric freeze drying - A review. Drying Technology 2007, 25(6), 947–957.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fissore, D.; Velardi, S. Freeze drying: Basic concepts and general calculation procedures. In Operations in Food Refrigeration; Mascheroni, R., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2012; Chapter 3, 47–70.
   Google Scholar
• Barresi, A.; Fissore, D. Freeze-drying equipments. In Operations in Food Refrigeration; Mascheroni, R., Ed.; CRC Press - Taylor & Francis Group (CAN), 2012; Chapter 18, 353–369.
   Google Scholar
• Eikevik, T.M.; Alves-Filho, O.; Bantle, M. Microwave-assisted atmospheric freeze drying of green peas: A case of study. Drying Technology 2012, 30, 1592–1599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zielinska, M.; Zapotoczny, P.; Alves-Filho, O.; Eikevik, T.M.; Blaszczak, W. Microwave vacuum-assisted drying of green peas using heat pump and fluidized bed: A comparative study between atmospheric freeze drying and hot air convective drying. Drying Technology 2013, 31(6), 633–642.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bantle, M.; Eikevik, T.M. Parametric study of high-intensity ultrasound in the atmospheric freeze drying of peas. Drying Technology 2011, 29, 1230–1239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santacatalina, J.; Fissore, D.; Cárcel, J.; Mulet, A.; García-Pérez, J. Model-based investigation into atmospheric freeze drying assisted by power ultrasound. Journal of Food Engineering 2015, 151, 7–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pisano, R.; Fissore, D.; Barresi, A. Intensification of freeze-drying for the pharmaceutical and food industry. In Modern Drying Technology Vol. 5: Process Intensification; Tsotsas, E., Mujumdar, A.S., Eds.; Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA: Weinhein, 2014; Chapter 5, 131–161.
   Google Scholar
• Donsì, G.; Ferrari, G.; Di Matteo, P. Utilization of combined processes in freeze-drying of shrimps. Food and Bioproducts Processing, Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, Part C 2001, 79(3), 152–159.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bustos, R.; Vásquez, M.; Vega, R.; Reyes, A.; Bubnovich, V.; Scheuermann, E. Comparative study of different process conditions of freeze drying of “murtilla” berry. Drying Technology 2010, 28, 1416–1425.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boeh-Ocansey, O. Some factors influencing the freeze drying of carrot discs in vacuo and at atmospheric pressure. Journal of Food Engineering 1985, 4, 229–243.
   Google Scholar
• Reyes, A.; Mahn, A.; Huenulaf, P. Drying of apple slices in atmospheric and vacuum freeze dryer. Drying Technology 2011, 29, 1076–1089.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claussen, I.; Strømmen, I.; Hemmingsen, A.T.; Rustad, T. Relationship of product structure, sorption characteristics, and freezing point of atmospheric freeze-dried foods. Drying Technology 2007, 25, 853–865.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claussen, I.; Ansressen, T.; Eikevik, T.; Strømmen, I. Atmospheric freeze drying - Modeling and simulation of a tunnel dryer. Drying Technology 2007, 25, 1959–1965.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, S.; Mujumdar, A. A novel atmospheric freeze drying system using a vibro-fluidized bed with adsorbent. Drying Technology 2008, 26, 393–403.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes, A.; Vega, R.V.; Bruna, R.D. Effect of operating conditions in atmospheric freeze drying of carrot particles in a pulsed fluidized bed. Drying Technology 2010, 28(10), 1185–1192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duan, X.; Yang, X.; Ren, G.; Pang, Y.; Liu, L.; Liu, Y. Technical aspects in freeze-drying of foods. Drying Technology 2016, 34(11), 1271–1285.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donsì, G.; Di Matteo, P.; Ferrari, G. The role of heat and mass transfer phenomena in atmospheric freeze-drying of foods in a fluidised bed. Journal of Food Engineering 2003, 59, 267–275.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Matteo, P. Sviluppo di un processo per la liofilizzazione a pressione atmosferica di sostanze alimentari. Ph.D. thesis. Università degli Studi di Salerno, 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Wolff, E.; Gibert, H. Atmospheric freeze-drying part 2: Modeling drying kinetics using adsorption isotherms. Drying Technology 1990, 2(8), 405–428.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowe, P.; Nienow, A.; Agbim, A. The mechanisms by which particles segregate in gas fluidised beds - binary systems of near-spherical particles. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers 1972, 50(4), 310–323.
   Google Scholar
• Qiaoquna, S.; Huilina, L.; Wentiea, L.; Yuronga, H.; Lidana, Y.; Gidaspow, D. Simulation and experiment of segregating/mixing of rice husk-sand mixture in a bubbling fluidized bed. Fuel 2005, 84, 1739–1748.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, S.; Baeyens, J. Segregation by size difference in gas fluidized beds. Powder Technology 1998, 98, 139–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chew, J.; Hrenya, C. Link between bubbling and segregation patterns in gas-fluidized beds with continuous size distributions. AIChE Journal 2011, 57(11), 3003–3011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geldart, D. Types of gas fluidization. Powder Technology 1973, 7, 285–292.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bi, H.T. A critical review of the complex pressure fluctuation phenomenon in gas–solids fluidized beds. Chemical Engineering Science 2007, 62(13), 3473–3493.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visser, J. van der Waals and other cohesive forces affecting powder fluidization. Powder Technology 1989, 1, 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geldart, D.; Harnby, N.; Wong, A. Fluidization of cohesive powders. Powder Technology 1984, 31(1), 25–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, P.; Raper, J. Role of liquid bridge forces in cohesive fluidization. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, Part A 1998, 76, 753–760.
   Google Scholar
• Sundaresan, S. Instabilities in fluidized beds. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 2003, 35, 63–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, T.; Li, H. Estimation of agglomerate size for cohesive particles during fluidization. Powder Technology 1999, 101, 57–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Wachem, B.; Sasic, S. Derivation, simulation and validation of a cohesive particle flow CFD model. AIChE Journal 2008, 54(1), 9–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutanto, W. Hydrodynamics of spout fluid beds. Ph.D. thesis. University of British Columbia, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.; Zhong, W.; Jin, B.; Xiao, R. Mixing and segregation behavior in a spout-fluid bed: Effect of particle size. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 2012, 51, 14247–14257.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, W.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, B.; Bao, S.; Xu, J.; Wie, W. Pressure drop and pressure fluctuations in spouted beds with binary mixtures of particles. Powder Technology 2015, 276, 134–143.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, B.S.; Vinod, A.V. Mixing characteristics of binary mixtures in a spout-fluid bed. Particulate Science and Technology 2016, In press. doi:10.1080/02726351.2016.1146810.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.; Zhong, W.; Jin, B.; Xiao, R. Mixing and segregation behavior in a spout-fluid bed: Effect of particle density. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 2013, 52, 5489–5497.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Passos, M.L.; Mujumdar, A.S.; Vijaya, G.; Raghavan, V.G. Spouted and spout-fluidized beds for gram drying. Drying Technology 1989, 7(4), 663–696.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lima, A.C.C.; Rocha, S.C.S. Bean drying in fixed, spouted and spout-fluid beds: A comparison and empirical modeling. Drying Technology 1998, 16(9–10), 1881–1901.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong, W.; Chen, X.; Zhang, M. Hydrodynamic characteristics of spout-fluid bed: Pressure drop and minimum spouting/spout-fluidizing velocity. Chemical Engineering Journal 2006, 118(1–2), 37–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Link, J.; Cuypers, L.; Deen, N.; Kuipers, J. Flow regimes in a spout–fluid bed: A combined experimental and simulation study. Chemical Engineering Science 2005, 60(13), 3425–3442.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, J.; Tang, F. Prediction of flow regimes in spout-fluidized beds. China Particuology 2006, 4(3–4), 189–193.
   Google Scholar
• Zhong, W.; Zhang, M.; Jin, B.; Yuan, Z. Three-dimensional simulation of gas/solid flow in spout-fluid beds with kinetic theory of granular flow. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2006, 14(5), 611–617.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, S.; Zhao, L.; Wang, C.; Liu, Y.; Gao, J.; Liu, Y.; Cheng, Q. Numerical simulation of gas–solid flow with two fluid model in a spouted-fluid bed. Particuology 2014, 14, 109–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coletto, M. Atmospheric freeze drying of food in fluidized beds - Practical aspects and CFD simulation. Ph.D. thesis. Politecnico di Torino, 2015. doi:10.6092/polito/porto/2588248.
   Google Scholar
• Coletto, M.; Marchisio, D.; Barresi, A. A new segregation index for solid multicomponent mixtures. Powder Technology 2016, 299, 77–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wormsbecker, M.; Pugsley, T. The influence of moisture on the fluidization behaviour of porous pharmaceutical granule. Chemical Engineering Science 2008, 63, 4063–4069.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, H.; Xiong, Y.; Pei, Y. Effect of moisture content on dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized lignite under high pressure. Powder Technology 2016, 287, 355–363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makkawi, Y.; Wright, P. Tomographic analysis of dry and semi-wet bed fluidization: The effect of small liquid loading and particle size on the bubbling behaviour. Chemical Engineering Science 2004, 59, 201–213.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, L.; Rhodes, M. Prediction of fluidized bed behaviour in the presence of liquid bridges. Powder Technology 2001, 114, 213–223.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malek, M.; Benjamin, C.; Lu, Y. Pressure drop and spoutable bed height in spouted beds. I&EC Process Design and Development 1965, 4(1), 123–128.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Ommen, J.; de Corte, R.; van den Bleek, C. Rapid detection of defluidization using the standard deviation of pressure fluctuations. Chemical Engineering and Processing 2004, 43, 1329–1335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gómez-Hernández, J.; Soria-Verdugo, A.; Villa Briongos, J.; Santana, D. Fluidized bed with a rotating distributor operated under defluidization conditions. Chemical Engineering Journal 2012, 195–196, 198–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano, D.; Sánchez-Delgado, S.; Sobrino, C.; Marugán-Cruz, C. Defluidization and agglomeration of a fluidized bed reactor during Cynara cardunculus L. gasification using sepiolite as a bed material. Fuel Processing Technology 2015, 131, 331–347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Ommen, J.; Srdjan, S.; van der Schaaf, J.; Gheorghiu, S.; Johnsson, F.; Marc-Olivier, C. Time-series analysis of pressure fluctuations in gas-solid fluidized beds - A review. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 2011, 37, 403–428.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar