Investigating the mechanism of Sinisan formula in depression treatment: a comprehensive analysis using GEO datasets, network pharmacology, and molecular docking

References

• Anderson, H. D., Pace, W. D., Libby, A. M., West, D. R., & Valuck, R. J. (2012). Rates of 5 common antidepressant side effects among new adult and adolescent cases of depression: A retrospective US claims study. Clinical Therapeutics, 34(1), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.11.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bansal, Y., Singh, R., Saroj, P., Sodhi, R. K., & Kuhad, A. (2018). Naringenin protects against oxido-inflammatory aberrations and altered tryptophan metabolism in olfactory bulbectomized-mice model of depression. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 355, 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2018.07.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belmaker, R. H., & Agam, G. (2008). Major depressive disorder. The New England Journal of Medicine, 358(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra073096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blendy, J. A. (2006). The role of CREB in depression and antidepressant treatment. Biological Psychiatry, 59(12), 1144–1150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bo, P., Chen, Q. M., Zhu, H. H., Zhang, X. D., Xu, H. R., Zhang, Y., & Cao, Y. J. (2010). Clinical observations on 46 cases of globus hystericus treated with modified Banxia Houpu decoction. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine = Chung i Tsa Chih Ying Wen Pan, 30(2), 103–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6272(10)60023-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bortolotto, V., Cuccurazzu, B., Canonico, P. L., & Grilli, M. (2014). NF-κB mediated regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Relevance to mood disorders and antidepressant activity. BioMed Research International, 2014, 612711–612798. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/612798
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bull, S. A., Hunkeler, E. M., Lee, J. Y., Rowland, C. R., Williamson, T. E., Schwab, J. R., & Hurt, S. W. (2002). Discontinuing or switching selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 36(4), 578–584. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1A254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao, K., Shen, C., Yuan, Y., Bai, S., Yang, L., Guo, L., Zhang, R., & Shi, Y. (2019). SiNiSan ameliorates the depression-like behavior of rats that experienced maternal separation through 5-HT1A receptor/CREB/BDNF pathway. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10, 160. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlezon, W. A., Jr., Duman, R. S., & Nestler, E. J. (2005). The many faces of CREB. Trends in Neurosciences, 28(8), 436–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2005.06.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, A. F., Sharma, M. S., Brunoni, A. R., Vieta, E., & Fava, G. A. (2016). The safety, tolerability and risks associated with the use of newer generation antidepressant drugs: A critical review of the literature. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 85(5), 270–288. https://doi.org/10.1159/000447034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, F., Sun, J., Chen, C., Zhang, Y., Zou, L., Zhang, Z., Chen, M., Wu, H., Tian, W., Liu, Y., Xu, Y., Luo, H., Zhu, M., Yu, J., Wang, Q., & Wang, K. (2022). Quercetin mitigates methamphetamine-induced anxiety-like behavior through ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 15, 829886. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.829886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhiman, P., Malik, N., Sobarzo-Sánchez, E., Uriarte, E., & Khatkar, A. (2019). Quercetin and related chromenone derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitors: targeting neurological and mental disorders. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24(3), 418. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dygalo, N. N., Kalinina, T. S., Bulygina, V. V., & Shishkina, G. T. (2012). Increased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL in the brain is associated with resilience to stress-induced depression-like behavior. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 32(5), 767–776. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-011-9794-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ersahin, T., Tuncbag, N., & Cetin-Atalay, R. (2015). The PI3K/AKT/mTOR interactive pathway. Molecular BioSystems, 11(7), 1946–1954. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5mb00101c
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Feng, D. D., Tang, T., Lin, X. P., Yang, Z. Y., Yang, S., Xia, Z. A., Wang, Y., Zheng, P., Wang, Y., & Zhang, C. H. (2016). Nine traditional Chinese herbal formulas for the treatment of depression: An ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 12, 2387–2402. https://doi.org/10.2147/ndt.S114560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frankowska, M., Wydra, K., Suder, A., Zaniewska, M., Gawliński, D., Miszkiel, J., Furgała-Wojas, A., Sałat, K., Filip, M., Müller, C. E., Kieć-Kononowicz, K., & Kotańska, M. (2023). Novel GPR18 ligands in rodent pharmacological tests: effects on mood, pain, and eating disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(10), 9046. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24109046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedrich, M. J. (2017). Depression is the leading cause of disability around the world. JAMA, 317(15), 1517. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.3826
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao, W., Wang, W., Peng, Y., & Deng, Z. (2019). Antidepressive effects of kaempferol mediated by reduction of oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of AKT/β-catenin cascade. Metabolic Brain Disease, 34(2), 485–494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-019-0389-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan, X., Wang, Q., Liu, M., Sun, A., & Li, X. (2021). Possible involvement of the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in the hypothalamus in depressive-like behavior of rats exposed to chronic mild stress. Neuropsychobiology, 80(4), 279–287. https://doi.org/10.1159/000509908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, X., Xu, T., Fang, Q., Zhang, H., Yue, L., Hu, G., & Sun, L. (2021). Quercetin hinders microglial activation to alleviate neurotoxicity via the interplay between NLRP3 inflammasome and mitophagy. Redox Biology, 44, 102010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2021.102010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harmer, C. J., Duman, R. S., & Cowen, P. J. (2017). How do antidepressants work? New perspectives for refining future treatment approaches. The Lancet. Psychiatry, 4(5), 409–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30015-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, S., Deng, Z., Li, Z., Gao, W., Zeng, D., Shi, Y., Zhao, N., Xu, F., Li, T., Li, H., & Peng, D. (2021). Signatures of 4 autophagy-related genes as diagnostic markers of MDD and their correlation with immune infiltration. Journal of Affective Disorders, 295, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedrich, C. M., Rauen, T., Apostolidis, S. A., Grammatikos, A. P., Rodriguez Rodriguez, N., Ioannidis, C., Kyttaris, V. C., Crispin, J. C., & Tsokos, G. C. (2014). Stat3 promotes IL-10 expression in lupus T cells through trans-activation and chromatin remodeling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(37), 13457–13462. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1408023111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopkins, A. L. (2008). Network pharmacology: The next paradigm in drug discovery. Nature Chemical Biology, 4(11), 682–690. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, C., Zhang, F., Li, P., & Song, C. (2022). Low-dose IL-2 attenuated depression-like behaviors and pathological changes through restoring the balances between IL-6 and TGF-β and between Th17 and Treg in a chronic stress-induced mouse model of depression. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213856
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung, Y. Y. (2018). Antidepressants improve negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling in monocytes from patients with major depression. Neuroimmunomodulation, 25(1), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.1159/000489562
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, K. M., Smith, J. A., & Mezuk, B. (2021). Depression and interleukin-6 signaling: A Mendelian Randomization study. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 95, 106–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.02.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kibble, M., Saarinen, N., Tang, J., Wennerberg, K., Mäkelä, S., & Aittokallio, T. (2015). Network pharmacology applications to map the unexplored target space and therapeutic potential of natural products. Natural Product Reports, 32(8), 1249–1266. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5np00005j
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko, Y. H., Kim, S. K., Lee, S. Y., & Jang, C. G. (2020). Flavonoids as therapeutic candidates for emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 43(11), 1128–1143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-020-01292-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kong, E., Sucic, S., Monje, F. J., Savalli, G., Diao, W., Khan, D., Ronovsky, M., Cabatic, M., Koban, F., Freissmuth, M., & Pollak, D. D. (2015). STAT3 controls IL6-dependent regulation of serotonin transporter function and depression-like behavior. Scientific Reports, 5(1), 9009. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09009
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kou, J. J., Shi, J. Z., He, Y. Y., Hao, J. J., Zhang, H. Y., Luo, D. M., Song, J. K., Yan, Y., Xie, X. M., Du, G. H., & Pang, X. B. (2022). Luteolin alleviates cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease mouse model via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent neuroinflammation. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 43(4), 840–849. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41401-021-00702-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubera, M., Obuchowicz, E., Goehler, L., Brzeszcz, J., & Maes, M. (2011). In animal models, psychosocial stress-induced (neuro)inflammation, apoptosis and reduced neurogenesis are associated to the onset of depression. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 35(3), 744–759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.08.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, S., & Zhang, B. (2013). Traditional Chinese medicine network pharmacology: Theory, methodology and application. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, 11(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1875-5364(13)60037-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López-Vallejo, F., Caulfield, T., Martínez-Mayorga, K., Giulianotti, M. A., Nefzi, A., Houghten, R. A., & Medina-Franco, J. L. (2011). Integrating virtual screening and combinatorial chemistry for accelerated drug discovery. Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 14(6), 475–487. https://doi.org/10.2174/138620711795767866
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Losenkov, I. S., Vyalova, N. M., Simutkin, G. G., Bokhan, N. A., & Ivanova, S. A. (2016). An association of AKT1 gene polymorphism with antidepressant treatment response. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry: The Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, 17(3), 239–242. https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1112921
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, Y., Zhou, K., Fan, J., & Sun, S. (2016). Traditional Chinese medicine: Potential approaches from modern dynamical complexity theories. Frontiers of Medicine, 10(1), 28–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-016-0434-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado-Vieira, R., Zanetti, M. V., Teixeira, A. L., Uno, M., Valiengo, L. L., Soeiro-de-Souza, M. G., Oba-Shinjo, S. M., de Sousa, R. T., Zarate, C. A., Jr., Gattaz, W. F., & Marie, S. K. (2015). Decreased AKT1/mTOR pathway mRNA expression in short-term bipolar disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology: The Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 25(4), 468–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maes, M., Bosmans, E., Scharpé, S., D'Hondt, P., & Desnyder, R. (1995). Plasma soluble interleukin-2-receptor in depression: Relationships to plasma neopterin and serum IL-2 concentrations and HPA-axis activity. European Psychiatry: The Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 10(8), 397–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)80345-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mao, L. M., & Wang, J. Q. (2016). Synaptically localized mitogen-activated protein kinases: Local substrates and regulation. Molecular Neurobiology, 53(9), 6309–6315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9535-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins, H. C., Gilardi, C., Sungur, A., Winterer, J., Pelzl, M. A., Bicker, S., Gross, F., Kisko, T. M., Malikowska-Racia, N., Braun, M. D., Brosch, K., Nenadic, I., Stein, F., Meinert, S., Schwarting, R. K. W., Dannlowski, U., Kircher, T., Wöhr, M., & Schratt, G. (2022). Bipolar-associated miR-499-5p controls neuroplasticity by downregulating the Cav1.2 subunit CACNB2. EMBO Reports, 23(10), e54420. https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202154420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta, D., Grewen, K., Pearson, B., Wani, S., Wallace, L., Henders, A. K., Binder, E. B., Frokjaer, V. G., Meltzer-Brody, S., Wray, N. R., & Stuebe, A. M. (2021). Genome-wide gene expression changes in postpartum depression point towards an altered immune landscape. Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 155. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01270-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng, X. Y., Zhang, H. X., Mezei, M., & Cui, M. (2011). Molecular docking: A powerful approach for structure-based drug discovery. Current Computer-Aided Drug Design, 7(2), 146–157. https://doi.org/10.2174/157340911795677602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monroe, S. M., & Harkness, K. L. (2022). Major depression and its recurrences: Life course matters. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 18(1), 329–357. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072220-021440
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Olugbemide, A. S., Ben-Azu, B., Bakre, A. G., Ajayi, A. M., Femi-Akinlosotu, O., & Umukoro, S. (2021). Naringenin improves depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice exposed to repeated hypoxic stress through modulation of oxido-inflammatory mediators and NF-kB/BDNF expressions. Brain Research Bulletin, 169, 214–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.12.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Riordan, K. J., Huang, I. C., Pizzi, M., Spano, P., Boroni, F., Egli, R., Desai, P., Fitch, O., Malone, L., Ahn, H. J., Liou, H. C., Sweatt, J. D., & Levenson, J. M. (2006). Regulation of nuclear factor kappaB in the hippocampus by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 26(18), 4870–4879. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4527-05.2006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otte, C., Gold, S. M., Penninx, B. W., Pariante, C. M., Etkin, A., Fava, M., Mohr, D. C., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2016). Major depressive disorder. Nature Reviews. Disease Primers, 2(1), 16065. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi, G., Mi, Y., Fan, R., Li, R., Liu, Z., & Liu, X. (2019). Nobiletin protects against systemic inflammation-stimulated memory impairment via MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 67(18), 5122–5134. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ru, J., Li, P., Wang, J., Zhou, W., Li, B., Huang, C., Li, P., Guo, Z., Tao, W., Yang, Y., Xu, X., Li, Y., Wang, Y., & Yang, L. (2014). TCMSP: A database of systems pharmacology for drug discovery from herbal medicines. Journal of Cheminformatics, 6(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1758-2946-6-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw, R. J., & Cantley, L. C. (2006). Ras, PI(3)K and mTOR signalling controls tumour cell growth. Nature, 441(7092), 424–430. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, C., Cao, K., Cui, S., Cui, Y., Mo, H., Wen, W., Dong, Z., Lin, H., Bai, S., Yang, L., Zhang, R., & Shi, Y. (2020). SiNiSan ameliorates depression-like behavior in rats by enhancing synaptic plasticity via the CaSR-PKC-ERK signaling pathway. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie, 124, 109787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, X., Zhao, Z., Luo, X., Wang, H., Hu, B., & Guo, Z. (2016). Systems pharmacology based study of the molecular mechanism of SiNiSan formula for application in nervous and mental diseases. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: ECAM, 2016, 9146311–9146378–. () https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9146378
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, Y. (2009). Methodology of modernization research in traditional Chinese medicine based on systems biology and network biology. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines,
   Google Scholar
• Silva Dos Santos, J., Gonçalves Cirino, J. P., de Oliveira Carvalho, P., & Ortega, M. M. (2020). The pharmacological action of Kaempferol in central nervous system diseases: A Review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11, 565700. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.565700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, Y., Zhang, H., Wu, Z., Yu, X., Yin, Y., Qian, S., Wang, Z., Huang, J., Wang, W., Liu, T., Xue, W., & Chen, G. (2021). Quercitrin rapidly alleviated depression-like behaviors in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice: The involvement of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling suppression and CREB/BDNF signaling restoration in the hippocampus. ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 12(18), 3387–3396. https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tayyab, M., Farheen, S., M, M. M. P., Khanam, N., Mobarak Hossain, M., & Shahi, M. H. (2019). Antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of naringenin via sonic hedgehog-gli1 cell signaling pathway in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress. Neuromolecular Medicine, 21(3), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-019-08538-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsimberidou, A. M., Skliris, A., Valentine, A., Shaw, J., Hering, U., Vo, H. H., Chan, T. O., Armen, R. S., Cottrell, J. R., Pan, J. Q., & Tsichlis, P. N. (2022). AKT inhibition in the central nervous system induces signaling defects resulting in psychiatric symptomatology. Cell & Bioscience, 12(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13578-022-00793-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volmat, V., & Pouysségur, J. (2001). Spatiotemporal regulation of the p42/p44 MAPK pathway. Biology of the Cell, 93(1-2), 71–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0248-4900(01)01129-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H., Guo, Y., Qiao, Y., Zhang, J., & Jiang, P. (2020). Nobiletin ameliorates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation through promoting autophagy via the AMPK pathway. Molecular Neurobiology, 57(12), 5056–5068. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-020-02071-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J. Q., & Mao, L. (2019). The ERK pathway: Molecular mechanisms and treatment of depression. Molecular Neurobiology, 56(9), 6197–6205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-019-1524-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. S., Shen, C. Y., & Jiang, J. G. (2019). Antidepressant active ingredients from herbs and nutraceuticals used in TCM: Pharmacological mechanisms and prospects for drug discovery. Pharmacological Research, 150, 104520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., Fan, R., & Huang, X. (2012). Meta-analysis of the clinical effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine formula Chaihu-Shugan-San in depression. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(2), 571–577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., Gao, S. M., Li, R., Zhang, M., Gao, S., & Yu, C. Q. (2016). Antidepressant-like effects of the Radix Bupleuri and Radix Paeoniae Alba drug pair. Neuroscience Letters, 633, 14–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2016.09.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., Meng, Z., & Chen, C. (2022). Screening of potential biomarkers in peripheral blood of patients with depression based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning algorithms. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 1009911. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1009911
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, X., Zhang, C., Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M., Wang, L., Li, L., Zhou, D., Yuan, T. F., Wang, C., Chang, H., Wu, Y., Li, Y., Wu, D. D., Yao, Y. G., & Li, M. (2018). The cAMP responsive element-binding (CREB)-1 gene increases risk of major psychiatric disorders. Molecular Psychiatry, 23(9), 1957–1967. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2017.243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, C., Sun, N., Ren, Y., Sun, Y., Xu, Y., Li, A., Wu, K., & Zhang, K. (2012). Association between AKT1 gene polymorphisms and depressive symptoms in the Chinese Han population with major depressive disorder. Neural Regeneration Research, 7(3), 235–239. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.03.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, Y., Tan, X., Xu, J., Wang, T., Liang, T., Xu, X., Ma, C., Xu, Z., Wang, W., Li, H., Shen, H., Li, X., Dong, W., & Chen, G. (2020). Luteolin alleviates neuroinflammation via downregulating the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie, 126, 110044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, Y., Liu, X., Liu, J., Cai, E., Zhao, Y., Li, H., Zhang, L., Li, P., & Gao, Y. (2018). The effect of beta-sitosterol and its derivatives on depression by the modification of 5-HT, DA and GABA-ergic systems in mice. RSC Advances, 8(2), 671–680. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ra11364a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Zhang, S., Hu, M., Chen, Y., Wang, W., Zhang, K., Kuang, H., & Wang, Q. (2020). An integrative metabolomics and network pharmacology method for exploring the effect and mechanism of Radix Bupleuri and Radix Paeoniae Alba on anti-depression. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 189, 113435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Sun, H., Ni, H., Sun, J., Yang, X., Chen, W., Zhao, W., Zhong, X., He, C., Ao, H., & He, S. (2021). Sinisan protects primary hippocampal neurons against corticosterone by inhibiting autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 627056. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.627056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X., Kang, D., Zhang, L., & Peng, L. (2014). Shuganjieyu capsule for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults: A systematic review. Aging & Mental Health, 18(8), 941–953. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.899975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y., Han, M., Liu, Z., Wang, J., He, Q., & Liu, J. (2012). Chinese herbal formula Xiao Yao San for treatment of depression: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: ECAM, 2012, 931636. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/931636
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang, Z. H., Liu, J. Q., Hu, C. D., Zhao, X. T., Qin, F. Y., Zhuang, Z., & Zhang, X. S. (2021). Luteolin confers cerebroprotection after subarachnoid hemorrhage by suppression of NLPR3 inflammasome activation through Nrf2-dependent pathway. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021, 5838101. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5838101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, Y. T., Deng, J., Liu, H. M., Wei, J. Y., Fan, H. T., Liu, M., Xu, T., Chen, T. F., He, J. Y., Sun, W. M., Jia, T. Y., Zhang, X. Q., & Xin, W. J. (2022). Adaptation of prelimbic cortex mediated by IL-6/STAT3/Acp5 pathway contributes to the comorbidity of neuropathic pain and depression in rats. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 19(1), 144. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-022-02503-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar