5,139
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The Race of Defendants and Victims in Pennsylvania Death Penalty Decisions: 2000–2010

, &
Pages 955-983 | Received 19 Mar 2019, Accepted 26 Sep 2019, Published online: 22 Oct 2019

References

  • Anderson, A., & Spohn, C. (2010). Lawlessness in the federal sentencing process: A test for uniformity and consistency in sentencing practices. Justice Quarterly, 27(3), 362–393. doi:10.1080/07418820902936683
  • Apel, R., & Sweeten, G. (2010). Propensity score matching in criminology and criminal justice. In A. Piquero & D. Weisburd (Eds.), Handbook of quantitative criminology (pp. 543–562). New York: Springer.
  • Austin, P. (2011). An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46(3), 399–424. doi:10.1080/00273171.2011.568786
  • Baldus, D., Woodworth, G., & Pulaski, C. D. (1990). Equal justice and the death penalty. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
  • Baldus, D., Woodworth, G., Zuckerman, D., & Weiner, N. A. (1998). Racial discrimination and the death penalty in the post-Furman era: An empirical and legal overview with recent findings from Philadelphia. Cornell Law Review, 83, 1638–1770.
  • Baldus, D., Woodworth, G., Grosso, C. M., & Christ, A. M. (2003). Arbitrariness and discrimination in the administration of the death penalty: A legal and empirical analysis of the Nebraska experience (1973-1999). Nebraska Law Review, 81(2), 486–756.
  • Banner, S. (2002). The death penalty: An American history. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Baumer, E. (2013). Reassessing and redirecting research on race and sentencing. Justice Quarterly, 30(2), 231–261. doi:10.1080/07418825.2012.682602
  • Beckett, K., & Evans, H. (2014). The role of race in Washington State capital sentencing, 1981-2012. Report to the Supreme Court of the State of Washington, Seattle, WA. Retrieved from https://soc.washington.edu/research/reports/role-race-washington-state-capitol-sentencing
  • Blankenship, M. B., & Blevins, K. R. (2001). Inequalities in capital punishment in Tennessee based on race: An analytical study of aggravating and mitigating factors in death penalty cases. The University of Memphis Law Review, 31(4), 823.
  • Bowers, W. J., & Pierce, G. L. (1980). Arbitrariness and discrimination under the post-Furman capital statutes. Crime & Delinquency, 26(4), 563–635. doi:10.1177/001112878002600409
  • Bridges, G. S., & Steen, S. (1998). Racial disparities in official assessments of juvenile offenders: attributional stereotypes as mediating mechanism. American Sociological Review, 63(4), 554–570. doi:10.2307/2657267
  • Brock, D. E., Sorensen, J., & Marquart, J. W. (1999). Racial disparities in capital punishment in Texas after Penry. The Justice Professional, 12(2), 159. doi:10.1080/1478601X.1999.9959539
  • Curry, T. (2010). The conditional effects of victim and offender ethnicity and victim gender on sentences for non-capital cases. Punishment & Society, 12(4), 438–462. doi:10.1177/1462474510376585
  • Curry, T., Lee, G., & Rodriguez, F. (2004). Does victim gender increase sentence severity? Further explorations of gender dynamics and sentencing outcomes. Crime & Delinquency, 50(3), 319–343. doi:10.1177/0011128703256265
  • Death Penalty Information Center. (2017). The death penalty in 2017: Year end report. Washington, DC: Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved from www.deathpenaltyinfo.org
  • Death Penalty Information Center. (2018). Facts about the death penalty. Washington, DC: Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved from https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/documents/FactSheet.pdf
  • Donohue, J. J. III. (2014). An empirical evaluation of the Connecticut death penalty system since 1973: Are there unlawful racial, gender, and geographic disparities? Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 11(4), 637–696. doi:10.1111/jels.12052
  • Eisenstein, J., Flemming, R. B., & Nardulli, P. F. (1988). The contours of justice: Communities and their courts. Boston: Little, Brown.
  • Garland, D. (2010). Peculiar institution: America’s death penalty in an age of abolition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • General Accountability Office. (1990). Death penalty sentencing: Research indicates pattern of racial disparities. Washington, DC: General Accountability Office.
  • Gross, S. R., & Mauro, R. (1984). Patterns of death: An analysis of racial disparities in capital sentencing and homicide victimization. Stanford Law Review, 37(1), 27–153. doi:10.2307/1228652
  • Hindson, S., Potter, H., & Radelet, M. (2006). Race, gender, region and death sentencing in Colorado, 1980-1999. University of Colorado Law Review, 77, 549.
  • Holcomb, J., Williams, M., & Demuth, S. (2004). White female victims and death penalty disparity research. Justice Quarterly, 77, 877–902. doi:10.1080/07418820400096021
  • Jennings, W. G., Richards, T. N., Smith, M. D., Bjerregaard, B., & Fogel, S. J. (2014). A critical examination of the ‘white victim effect’ and death penalty decision-making from a propensity score matching approach: The North Carolina experience. Journal of Criminal Justice, 42(5), 384–398. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2014.05.004
  • Johnson, S. L., Blume, J. H., Eisenberg, T., Hans, V. P., & Wells, M. T. (2012). The Delaware death penalty: An empirical study. Iowa Law Review, 97, 1–41.
  • Keil, T. J., & Vito, G. F. (1995). Race and the death penalty in Kentucky murder trials: An analysis of post-Gregg outcomes. Justice Quarterly, 19(4), 633–672. doi:10.1080/07418829000090531
  • Kramer, J. H., & Ulmer, J. T. (2009). Sentencing guidelines: Lessons from Pennsylvania. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Lenza, M., Keys, D., & Guess, T. (2005). The prevailing injustices in application of the Missouri death penalty (1978 to 1996). Social Justice, 32(2), 151–166.
  • Li, F., Zaslavsky, A. M., & Landrum, M. B. (2013). Propensity score weighting with multilevel data. Statistics in Medicine, 32(19), 3373–3387. doi:10.1002/sim.5786
  • Lynch, M. (2013). Institutionalizing bias: The death penalty, federal drug prosecutions, and mechanisms of disparate punishment. American Journal of Criminal Law, 41(1), 91–131.
  • Mangino, M. T., & Champion, D. (2013). Prosecutorial discretion and the death penalty: An integral perspective. Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 2, 426–437.
  • Marceau, J., Kamin, S., & Foglia, W. (2013). Death eligibility in Colorado: Many are called, few are chosen. University of Colorado Law Review, 84, 1069–1115.
  • Ohio Joint Task Force to Review the Death Penalty. (2014). Final report and recommendations. Columbus, OH: Ohio State Supreme Court. Retrieved from https://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/Boards/deathPenalty/resources/finalReport.pdf
  • Paternoster, R. (1984). Prosecutorial discretion in requesting the death penalty: The case of victim-based discrimination. Law & Society Review, 18(3), 437–478. doi:10.2307/3053431
  • Paternoster, R. (2011). Capital punishment. In M. Tonry (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of crime and criminal justice (pp. 1–22). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Paternoster, R., & Brame, R. (2008). Reassessing race disparities in Maryland capital cases. Criminology, 46(4), 971–1008. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2008.00132.x
  • Paternoster, R., Brame, R., Bacon, S., & Ditchfield, A. (2004). Justice by geography and race: The administration of the death penalty in Maryland, 1978-1999. Margins: The University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender, and Class, 4, 1–98.
  • Paternoster, R., Soltzman, L., Waldo, G. P., & Chiricos, T. G. (1983). Race of victim and location of crime: The decision to seek the death penalty in South Carolina. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 74, 701–731.
  • Radelet, M. L., & Pierce, G. L. (1985). Race and prosecutorial discretion in homicide cases. Law & Society Review, 19, 587–621. doi:10.2307/3053422
  • Rios, V. M. (2011). Punished: Policing the lives of Black and Latino boys. New York: New York University Press.
  • Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1985). Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score. The American Statistician, 39(1), 33–38. doi:10.1080/00031305.1985.10479383
  • Songer, M. J., & Unah, I. (2006). The effects of race, gender, and location on prosecutorial decisions to seek the death penalty in South Carolina. South Carolina Law Review, 58, 161–210.
  • Sorensen, J. & Wallace, D.H. (1999). Prosecutorial discretion in seeking death: An analysis of racial disparity in the pretrial stages of case processing in a midwestern county. Justice Quarterly 16(3), 559–578.
  • Spohn, C. (2015). Race, crime, and punishment in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Crime and Justice, 44(1), 49–97. doi:10.1086/681550
  • Spohn, C., & Fornango, R. (2009). US Attorneys and substantial assistance departures: Testing for interprosecutor disparity. Criminology, 47(3), 813–847. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2009.00163.x
  • Steen, S., Engen, R., & Gainey, R. (2005). Images of danger and culpability: Racial stereotyping, case processing, and criminal sentencing. Criminology, 43(2), 435–469. doi:10.1111/j.0011-1348.2005.00013.x
  • Ulmer, J. T. (1997). Social worlds of sentencing: Court communities under sentencing guidelines. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  • Ulmer, J. T. (2005). The localized uses of federal sentencing guidelines in four U.S. district courts: Evidence of processual order. Symbolic Interaction, 28(2), 255–279. doi:10.1525/si.2005.28.2.255
  • Ulmer, J. T. (2012). Recent developments and new directions in sentencing research. Justice Quarterly, 29(1), 1–40. doi:10.1080/07418825.2011.624115
  • Ulmer, J. T., & Johnson, B. D. (2017). Organizational conformity and punishment: Federal court communities and judge-initiated guideline departures. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 107(2), 253–292.
  • Unah, I. (2011). Empirical analysis of race and the process of capital punishment in North Carolina. Michigan State Law Review 2011(3), 610–658.
  • Vito, G. F., Higgins, G. E., & Vito, A. G. (2014). Capital sentencing in Kentucky, 2000-2010. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 39(4), 753–770. doi:10.1007/s12103-014-9258-2
  • Williams, M., Demuth, S., & Holcomb, J. E. (2008). Understanding the influence of victim gender in death penalty cases: The importance of victim race, sex-related victimization, and jury decision-making. Criminology, 45(4), 865–892. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2007.00095.x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.