Understanding the Drivers of Unethical Programming Behavior: The Inappropriate Reuse of Internet-Accessible Code

References

• Ajzen, I. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 2 (1991), 179–211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajzen, I. Constructing a theory of planned behavior questionnaire: Conceptual and methodological considerations, 2002 ( available at http://people.umass.edu/aizen/pdf/tpb.measurement.pdf).
   Google Scholar
• Amabile, T.M. The social psychology of creativity: A componential conceptualization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 2 (1983), 357.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, J.C., and Gerbing, D.W. Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 3 (1998), 411–423.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, R.E.; Johnson, D.G.; Gotterbarn, D.; and Perrolle, J. Using the new ACM code of ethics in decision making. Communications of the ACM, 36, 2 (1993), 98–107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong, J.S., and Overton, T.S. Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research, 14, 3 (1977), 396–402.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin, R.D. The effects of time pressure on quality in software development. Information Systems Research, 12, 2 (2001), 195–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee, D.; Cronan, T.P.; and Jones, T.W. Modeling IT ethics: A study in situational ethics. MIS Quarterly, 22, 1 (1998), 31–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, L., and Ajzen, I. Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 25, 3 (1991), 285–301.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berenbach, B., and Broy, M. Professional and ethical dilemmas in software engineering. Computer, 42, 1 (2009), 74–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boudreau, M.-C.; Gefen, D.; and Straub, D.W. Validation in information systems research: A state-of-the-art assessment. MIS Quarterly, 25, 1 (2001), 1–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, F.P. The Mythical Man-Month: Essays on Software Engineering. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1975.
   Google Scholar
• Buchan, H.F. Ethical decision making in the public accounting profession: An extension of Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 61, 2 (2005), 165–181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulgurcu, B.; Cavusoglu, H.; and Benbasat, I. Information security policy compliance: An empirical study of rationality-based beliefs and information security awareness. MIS Quarterly, 34, 3 (2010), 523–548.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Y.; Ramamurthy, K.; and Wen, K.-W. Organizations’ information security policy compliance: Stick or carrot approach? Journal of Management Information Systems, 29, 3 (2012), 157–188.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chin, W.W. The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. In G.A. Marcoulides (ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1998, pp. 295–358.
   Google Scholar
• Chin, W.W.; Thatcher, J.B.; Wright, R.T.; and Steel, D. Controlling for common method variance in PLS analysis: The measured latent marker variable approach. In H. Abdi, W.W. Chin, V. Esposito Vinzi, G. Russolillo, and L. Trinchera (eds.), New Perspectives in Partial Least Squares and Related Methods. New York: Springer, 2013, pp. 231–239.
   Google Scholar
• Couper, M.P. Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64, 4 (2000), 464–494.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coyle, J.R.; Gould, S.J.; Gupta, P.; and Gupta, R. “To buy or to priate”: The matrix of music consumers’ acquisition-mode decision-making. Journal of Business Research, 62, 10 (2009), 1031–1037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cronan, T.P., and Al-Rafee, S. Factors that influence the intention to pirate software and media. Journal of Business Ethics, 78, 4 (2008), 527–545.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehrlich, I. Participation in illegitimate activities: A theoretical and empirical investigation. Journal of Political Economy, 81, 3 (1973), 521–565.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ershov, A.P. Aesthetics and the human factor in programming. Communications of the ACM, 15, 7 (1972), 501–505.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishburn, P. Utility Theory for Decision Making. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1970.
   Google Scholar
• Flannery, B.L., and May, D.R. Environmental ethical decision making in the U.S. metal-finishing industry. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 4 (2000), 642–662.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frakes, W.B., and Kang, K. Software reuse research: Status and future. IEEE Transactions of Software Engineering, 31, 7 (2005), 529—536
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fredrickson, J.W. An exploratory approach to measuring the perceptions of strategic decision process constructs. Strategic Management Journal, 7, 5 (1986), 473–483.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gino, F., and Ariely, D. The dark side of creativity: Original thinkers can be more dishonest. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 3 (2012), 445–459.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gino, F.; Ayal, S.; and Ariely, D. Contagion and differentiation in unethical behavior: The effect of one bad apple on the barrel. Psychological Science, 20, 3 (2009), 393–398.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gotterbarn, D., and Miller, K.W. Unmasking your software’s ethical risks. IEEE Software, 27, 1 (2010), 12–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haefliger, S.; von Krogh, G.; and Spaeth, S. Code reuse in open source software. Management Science, 54, 1 (2008), 180–193.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrington, S.J. The effect of codes of ethics and personal denial of responsibility on computer abuse judgements and intentions. MIS Quarterly, 20, 3 (1996), 257–278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henkel, J. Champions of revealing—The role of open source developers in commercial firms. Industrial and Corporate Change, 18, 3 (2009), 435–471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henseler, J.; Ringle, C.M.; and Sinkovics, R. The use of partial least squares modeling in international marketing. Advances in International Marketing, 20 (2009), 277–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt, S.D., and Vitell, S. A general theory of marketing ethics. Journal of Macromarketing, 6, 1 (1986), 5–16.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, M.R., and Karsten, H. Giddens’s structuration theory and information systems research. MIS Quarterly, 32, 1 (2008), 127–157.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jöreskog, K.G., and Wold, H. The ML and PLS Technique for Modelling with Latent Variables: Historical and Comparative Aspects. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1982.
   Google Scholar
• Kaptein, M., and Schwartz, M. The effectiveness of business codes: A critical examination of existing studies and the development of an integrated research model. Journal of Business Ethics, 77, 2 (2008), 111–127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y.E., and Stohr, E.A. Software reuse: Survey and research directions. Journal of Management Information Systems, 14, 4 (1998), 113–147.
   Google Scholar
• Knuth, D.E. Computer programming as an art. Communications of the ACM, 17, 12 (1974), 667–673.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohlberg, L. The Philosophy of Moral Development. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Kohlberg, L. The Psychology of Moral Development. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1984.
   Google Scholar
• Krueger, C.W. Software reuse. ACM Computer Surveys, 24, 2 (1992), 131–183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurland, N. Ethical intentions and the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25, 4 (1995), 297–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levi, S.D., and Woodard, A. Open source software: How to use it and control it in the corporate environment. Computer & Internet Lawyer, 21, 8 (2004), 8–13.
   Google Scholar
• Lim, W.C. Effects of reuse on quality, productivity, and economics. IEEE Software, 11, 5 (1994), 23–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Limayem, M., and Hirt, S.G. Force of habit and information systems usage: Theory and initial validation. Journal of the AIS, 4 (2003), 65–97.
   Google Scholar
• Markus, M.L. Towards a theory of knowledge reuse: Types of knowledge reuse situations and factors in reuse success. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18, 1 (2001), 57–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, K., and Cullen, J. Continuities and extensions of ethical climate theory: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Business Ethics, 69, 2 (2006), 175–194.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason, R.O. Four ethical issues of the information age. MIS Quarterly, 10, 1 (1986), 5–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayring, P. Qualitative content analysis. In U. Flick, E; von Kardoff, E., and I. Steinke (eds.), A Companion to Qualitative Research. London: Sage, 2004, pp. 266–269.
   Google Scholar
• Mazar, N., Amir, O., and Ariely, D. The dishonesty of honest people: A theory of self-concept maintenance. Journal of Marketing Research, 45, 6 (2008), 633–644.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGhee, D.D. Free and open source software licenses: Benefits, risks, and steps toward ensuring compliance. Intellectual Property & Technology Law Journal, 19, 11 (2007), 5–9.
   Google Scholar
• Mingers, J., and Walsham, G. Toward ethical information systems: The contribution of discourse ethics. MIS Quarterly, 34, 4 (2010), 833–854.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moores, T.T., and Chang, J.C.J. Ethical decision making in software piracy: Initial development and test of a four-component model. MIS Quarterly, 30, 1 (2006), 167–180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orlikowski, W.J., and Barley, S.R. Technology and institutions: What can research on information technology and research on organizations learn from each other? MIS Quarterly, 25, 2 (2001), 145–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peace, A.G.; Galletta, D.F.; and Thong, J.Y.L. Software piracy in the workplace: A model and empirical test. Journal of Management Information Systems, 20, 1 (2003), 153–177.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierce, M.A., and Henry, J.W. Judgements about computer ethics: Do individual, co-worker, and company judgements differ? Do company codes make a difference. Journal of Business Ethics, 28, 4 (2000), 307–322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P.M.; MacKenzie, S.B.; Lee, J.-Y.; and Podsakoff, N.P. Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 5 (2003), 879–903.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ringle, C.M.; Sarstedt, M.; and Mooi, E.A. Response-based segmentation using FIMIX-PLS: Theoretical foundations and an application to American customer satisfaction index data. In R. Stahlbock, S.F. Crone, and S. Lessmann (eds.), Annals of Information Systems, vol. 8. Special issue. Berlin: Springer, 2010, pp. 19–49.
   Google Scholar
• Ringle, C.M.; Wende, S.; and Will, S. SmartPLS 2.0 (M3). Hamburg: SmartPLS, 2005 ( available online www.smartpls.de).
   Google Scholar
• Rosen, L. Open Source Licensing: Software Freedom and Intellectual Property Law. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Ruffin, C., and Ebert, C. Using open source software in product development: A primer. IEEE Software, 21, 1 (2004), 82–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoemaker, P.J.H. The expected utility model: Its variants, purposes, evidence and limitations. Journal of Economic Literature, 20, 2 (1982), 529–563.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweitzer, M., and Hsee, C. Stretching the truth: Elastic justification and motivated communication of uncertain information. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 25, 2 (2002), 185–201.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalley, C.E.; Zhou, J.; and Oldham, G.R. The effects of personal and contextual characteristics on creativity: Where should we go from here? Journal of Management, 30, 6 (2004), 933–958.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sojer, M., and Henkel, J. Code reuse in open source software development: Quantitative evidence, drivers, and impediments. Journal of the AIS, 11, 12 (2010).
   Google Scholar
• Sojer, M., and Henkel, J. License risks from ad-hoc reuse of code from the Internet: An empirical investigation. Communications of the ACM, 54, 12 (2011), 74–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strahan, R., and Gerbasi, K.C. Short, homogeneous versions of the Marlow-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28, 2 (1972), 191–193.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Straub, D.W. Effective IS security: An Empirical Study. Information Systems Research, 1, 3 (1990), 255–276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Straub, D.W., and Collins, R.W. Key information liability issues facing managers: Software piracy, proprietary databases, and individual rights to privacy. MIS Quarterly, 14, 2 (1990), 143–156.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tetlock, P.E. Accountability: The neglected social context of judgement and choice. In L.L. Cummings and B.M. Staw (eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1985, pp. 297–332.
   Google Scholar
• Thong, J.Y.L., and Yap, C.-S. Testing an ethical decision-making theory: The case of softlifting. Journal of Management Information Systems, 15, 1 (1998), 213–237.
   Google Scholar
• Thornton, D.; Gunningham, N.A.; and Kagan, R.A. General deterrence and corporate environmental behavior. Law & Policy, 27, 2 (2005), 262–288.
   Google Scholar
• Tittle, C.R. Sanctions and Social Deviance: The Question of Deterrence. New York: Praeger, 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Trevino, L. Ethical decision making in organizations: A person-situation interactionist model. Academy of Management Review, 11, 3 (1986), 601–617.
   Google Scholar
• Vance, A.; Lowry, P.B.; and Eggett, D. Using accountability to reduce access policy violations in information systems. Journal of Management Information Systems, 29, 4 (2013), 263–290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VanSandt, C.V.; Shepard, J.M.; and Zappe, S.M. An examination of the relationship between ethical work climate and moral awareness. Journal of Business Ethics, 68, 4 (2006), 409–432.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venkatesh, V.; Morris, M.G.; Davis, G.B.; and Davis, F.D. User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27, 3 (2003), 425–478.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Victor, B., and Cullen, J.B. A theory and measure of ethical climate in organizations. In W.C. Frederick and L.E. Preston (eds.), Research in Corporate Social Performance and Policy, Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1987, pp. 51–71.
   Google Scholar
• Victor, B., and Cullen, J.B. The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33, 1 (1988), 101–125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyld, D.C., and Jones, C.A. The importance of context: The ethical work climate construct and models of ethical decision making—An agenda for research. Journal of Business Ethics, 16, 4 (1997), 465–472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon, C. Digital piracy intention: A comparison of theoretical models. Behaviour & Information Technology, 31, 6 (2012), 565–576.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar