Mental health and substance use of sexual minority college athletes

References

• National Collegiate Athletic Association. Student-athlete participation rates. Available at: http://www.ncaapublications.com/productdownloads/PR1314.pdf. Published October 2014. Accessed June 18, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Oswalt S, Vargas TM. How safe is the playing field? Collegiate coaches’ attitudes towards gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. Sport Soc. 2013;16:120–132.
   Google Scholar
• Calzo JP, Roberts AL, Corliss HL, et al. Physical activity disparities in heterosexual and sexual minority youth ages 12–22 years old: roles of childhood gender nonconformity and athletic self-esteem. Ann Behav Med. 2014;47:17–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson E, McCormack M. Comparing the black and gay male athlete: patterns in American oppression. J Mens Stud. 2010;18:145–158.
   Google Scholar
• Elling A, Janssens J. Sexuality as a structural principle in sport participation negotiating sports spaces. Int Rev Sociol Sport. 2009;44:71–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hekma G. “As Long as They Don't Make an Issue of It…” Gay men and lesbians in organized sports in the Netherlands. J Homosex. 1998;35:1–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krane V, Barber H. Lesbian experiences in sport: a social identity perspective. Quest. 2003;55:328–346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams A, Anderson E. Exploring the relationship between homosexuality and sport among the teammates of a small, Midwestern Catholic college soccer team. Sport Educ Soc. 2012;17:347–363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolnes LJ. Heterosexuality as an organizing principle in women's sport. Int Rev Sociol Sport. 1995;30:61–77.
   Google Scholar
• Krane V. We can be athletic and feminine, but do we want to? Challenging hegemonic femininity in women's sport. Quest. 2001;53:115–133.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldron JJ. It's complicated: negotiations and complexities of being a lesbian in sport. Sex Roles. 2016; 74:335–346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bullingham R, Magrath R, Anderson E. Sport and a cultural shift away from homohysteria. In: Hargreaves J, Anderson E, eds. Routledge Handbook of Sport, Gender and Sexuality. New York, NY: Routledge; 2014: 275–280.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson E. Masculinities and sexualities in sport and physical cultures: three decades of evolving research. J Homosex. 2011;58:565–578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson E. Masculinity and homophobia in high school and college sports. In Bullying: Experiences and Discourses of Sexuality and Gender. 2013; 120–130.
   Google Scholar
• Adams A. ‘Josh wears pink cleats’: inclusive masculinity on the soccer field. J Homosex. 2014;58:579–596.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrack-Walters A, O'Donnell KA, Wardlow DL. Deconstructing the myth of the monolithic male athlete: a qualitative study of men's participation in athletics. Sex Roles. 2009;60:81–99.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavalier ES. Men at sport: gay men's experiences in the sport workplace. J Homosex. 2011;58:626–646.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bush A, Anderson E, Carr S. The declining existence of men's homophobia in British sport. J Stud Sports Athletes Educ. 2012;6:107–120.
   Google Scholar
• Fink J, Burton L, Farrell A, Parker H. Playing it out. J Stud Sports Athletes Educ. 2012;6:83–106.
   Google Scholar
• Gill DL, Morrow RG, Collins KE, Lucey AB, Schultz AM. Perceived climate in physical activity settings. J Homosex. 2010;57:895–913.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Brien KS, Shovelton H, Latner JD. Homophobia in physical education and sport: the role of physical/sporting identity and attributes, authoritarian aggression, and social dominance orientation. Int J Psychol. 2013;48:891–899.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Collegiate Athletic Association. UMass’ Derrick Gordon becomes first openly gay player in DI basketball. Available at: http://www.ncaa.com/news/basketball-men/article/2014-04-09/umass-derrick-gordon-becomes-first-openly-gay-player-di. Published April 9, 2014. Updated April 9, 2014. Accessed June 18, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Kerr DL, Santurri L, Peters P. A comparison of lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual college undergraduate women on selected mental health issues. J Am Coll Health. 2013;61:185–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oswalt SB, Wyatt TJ. Sexual health behaviors and sexual orientation in a US national sample of college students. Arch Sex Behav. 2013;42:1561–1572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer IH. Minority stress and mental health in gay men. J Health Soc Behav. 1995;36:38–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer IH. Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychol Bull. 2003;129:674–697.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everett BG, Rosario M, McLaughlin KA, et al. Sexual orientation and gender differences in markers of inflammation and immune functioning. Ann Behav Med. 2014; 47:57–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drabble L, Trocki KF, Hughes TL, et al. Sexual orientation differences in the relationship between victimization and hazardous drinking among women in the National Alcohol Survey. Psychol Addict Behav. 2013;27:639–648.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatzenbuehler ML, Corbin WR, Fromme K. Discrimination and alcohol-related problems among college students: a prospective examination of mediating effects. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011;115:213–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCabe SE, Bostwick WB, Hughes TL, et al. The relationship between discrimination and substance use disorders among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1946–1952.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodford MR, Krentzman AR, Gattis MN. Alcohol and drug use among sexual minority college students and their heterosexual counterparts: the effects of experiencing and witnessing incivility and hostility on campus. Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2012;3:11–23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eisenberg ME, Wechsler H. Social influences on substance-use behaviors of gay, lesbian, and bisexual college students: findings from a national study. Soc Sci Med. 2003;57:1913–1923.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolverton B. Athletes’ hours renew debate over college sports. Chronicle of Higher Education. Available at:http://chronicle.com/article/Athletes-Hours-Renew-Debate/22003. Published January 25, 2008. Retrieved on June 15, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Jolly CJ. Raising the question is the student-athlete population unique? And why should we care? Commun Educ. 2008;57:145–151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Southall RM, Nagel MS, Anderson E, et al. An investigation of male college athletes’ attitudes toward sexual-orientation. J Issues Intercoll Athletics. 2009;2009:62–77.
   Google Scholar
• Roper EA, Halloran E. Attitudes toward gay men and lesbians among heterosexual male and female student-athletes. Sex Roles. 2007;57:919–928.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Southall RM, Anderson ED, Nagel MS, et al. An investigation of ethnicity as a variable related to US male college athletes’ sexual-orientation behaviours and attitudes. Ethn Racial Stud. 2011;34:293–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ensign KA, Yiamouyiannis A, White KM, et al. Athletic trainers’ attitudes toward lesbian, gay, and bisexual National Collegiate Athletic Association student-athletes. J Athletic Train. 2011;46:69–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heath J, Goggin K. Attitudes towards male homosexuality, bisexuality, and the down low lifestyle: demographic differences and HIV implications. J Bisex. 2009;9:17–31.
   Google Scholar
• American College Health Association. American College Health Association–National College Health Assessment, Fall 2008, Spring 2009, Fall 2009, Spring 2010, Fall 2010, Spring 2011, Fall 2011, Fall 2012 ACHA-NCHA II, ACHA-NCHA IIb. Hanover, MD: American College Health Association; October 31, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• American College Health Association. American College Health Association–National College Health Assessment II: Reliability and Validity Analyses 2011. Hanover, MD: American College Health Association; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Hu L, Bentler PM. Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychol Methods. 1998;3:424–453.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentler PM, Bonett DG. Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychol Bull. 1980;88:588–606.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategy and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;51:1173–1182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King JE. Standardized coefficients in logistic regression. Paper presented at Southwest Educational Research Association; February 7–10, 2007; San Antonio, TX. Available at: www.ccitonline.org/jking/homepage/standardized_paper.doc. Accessed September 1, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Borden S. Female star comes out as gay, and sports world shrugs. The New York Times. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/19/sports/ncaabasketball/brittney-griner-comes-out-and-sports-world-shrugs.html?_r=0. Published April 18, 2013. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Lenskyj HJ. Reflections on communication and sport on heteronormativity and gender identities. Commun Sport. 2013;1:138–150.
   Google Scholar
• Kauer KJ, Krane V. Sexual identity and sport. In Roper A, ed. Gender Relations in Sport. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Noelle-Neumann E. The spiral of silence a theory of public opinion. J Commun. 1974;24:43–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar