References
- Bruno RM, Palagini L, Gemignani A, et al. Poor sleep quality and resistant hypertension. Sleep Med. 2013;14(11):1157–1163. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2013.04.020.
- Telzer EH, Fuligni AJ, Lieberman MD, Galván A. The effects of poor quality sleep on brain function and risk taking in adolescence. Neuroimage. 2013;71:275–283. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.025.
- Fatima Y, Doi SAR, Mamun AA. Sleep quality and obesity in young subjects: a meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2016;17(11):1154–1166. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12444.
- Kita T, Yoshioka E, Satoh H, et al. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality increase the risk of diabetes in Japanese workers with no family history of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(2):313–318. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-1455.
- Park EM, Meltzer-Brody S, Stickgold R. Poor sleep maintenance and subjective sleep quality are associated with postpartum maternal depression symptom severity. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2013;16(6):539–547. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-013-0356-9.
- Ohayon M, Wickwire EM, Hirshkowitz M, et al. National Sleep Foundation’s sleep quality recommendations: first report. Sleep Heal. 2017;3(1):6–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2016.11.006.
- Barnes CM, Schaubroeck J, Huth M, Ghumman S. Lack of sleep and unethical conduct. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 2011;115(2):169–180. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.01.009.
- Doane LD, Gress-Smith JL, Breitenstein RS. Multi-method Assessments of Sleep over the Transition to College and the Associations with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms. J Youth Adolesc. 2014;44(2):389–404. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0150-7.
- Chang ET. The impact of daytime naps en the relation between sleep duration and cardiovascular events. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(7):717. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.29.
- Lohsoonthorn V, Khidir H, Casillas G, et al. Sleep quality and sleep patterns in relation to consumption of energy drinks, caffeinated beverages, and other stimulants among Thai college students. Sleep Breath. 2013;17(3):1017–1028. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-012-0792-1.
- Barnes C. Working in our sleep: Sleep and self-regulation in organizations. Organ Psychol Rev. 2012;2(3):234–257. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/2041386612450181.
- Bassett SM, Lupis SB, Gianferante D, Rohleder N, Wolf JM. Sleep quality but not sleep quantity effects on cortisol responses to acute psychosocial stress. Stress. 2015;18(6):638–644. doi:https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2015.1087503.
- Mauss IB, Troy AS, LeBourgeois MK. Poorer sleep quality is associated with lower emotion-regulation ability in a laboratory paradigm. Cogn Emot. 2013;27(3):567–576. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2012.727783.
- Hoevenaar-Blom MP, Spijkerman AMW, Kromhout D, van den Berg JF, Verschuren W. Sleep duration and sleep quality in relation to 12-year cardiovascular disease incidence: the MORGEN study. Sleep. 2011;34(11):1487–1492. doi:https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.1382.
- Byberg S, Hansen ALS, Christensen DL, et al. Sleep duration and sleep quality are associated differently with alterations of glucose homeostasis. Diabet Med. 2012;29(9):e354–e360. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03711.x.
- Ju YES, McLeland JS, Toedebusch CD, et al. Sleep quality and preclinical Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(5):587. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.2334.
- Chang KJ, Son SJ, Lee Y, et al. Perceived sleep quality is associated with depression in a Korean elderly population. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014;59(2):468–473. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2014.04.007.
- Fortier-Brochu É, Beaulieu-Bonneau S, Ivers H, Morin CM. Relations between sleep, fatigue, and health-related quality of life in individuals with insomnia. J Psychosom Res. 2010;69(5):475–483. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.05.005.
- Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28(2):193–213. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4.
- Actigraphy A-IS. In: Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC, Eds. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders: Philadelphia; 2000. p. 1295–1301.
- Landry GJ, Best JR, Liu-Ambrose T. Measuring sleep quality in older adults: A comparison using subjective and objective methods. Front Aging Neurosci. 2015;7:166. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2015.00166.
- Tworoger SS, Davis S, Vitiello MV, Lentz MJ, McTiernan A. Factors associated with objective (actigraphic) and subjective sleep quality in young adult women. J Psychosom Res. 2005;59(1):11–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.03.008.
- Jackowska M, Dockray S, Hendrickx H, Steptoe A. Psychosocial factors and sleep efficiency: discrepancies between subjective and objective evaluations of sleep. Psychosom Med. 2011;73(9):810–816. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182359e77.
- Westerlund A, Lagerros YT, Kecklund G, Axelsson J, Åkerstedt T. Relationships between Questionnaire ratings of sleep quality and polysomnography in healthy adults. Behav Sleep Med. 2016;14(2):185–199. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2014.974181.
- O’Donnell D, Silva EJ, MÜnch M, Ronda JM, Wang W, Duffy JF. Comparison of subjective and objective assessments of sleep in healthy older subjects without sleep complaints. J Sleep Res. 2009;18(2):254–263. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00719.x.
- Borbely AA. A two process model of sleep regulation. Hum Neurobiol. 1982;1(3):195–204.
- Yang CK, Kim JK, Patel SR, Lee JH. Age-related changes in sleep/wake patterns among Korean teenagers. Pediatrics. 2005;115(1):250–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-0815G.
- Hershner SD, Chervin RD. Causes and consequences of sleepiness among college students. Nat Sci Sleep. 2014;6:73–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S62907.
- Lund HG, Reider BD, Whiting AB, Prichard JR. Sleep Patterns and Predictors of Disturbed Sleep in a Large Population of College Students. J Adolesc Heal. 2010;46(2):124–132. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.06.016.
- Vargas PA, Flores M, Robles E. Sleep quality and body mass index in college students: The role of sleep disturbances. J Am Coll Heal. 2014;62(8):534–541. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2014.933344.
- Guo S, Sun W, Liu C, Wu S. Structural validity of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index in Chinese undergraduate students. Front Psychol. 2016;7:1126. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01126.
- Ye YL, Wang PG, Qu GC, Yuan S, Phongsavan P, He QQ. Associations between multiple health risk behaviors and mental health among Chinese college students. Psychol Heal Med. 2016;21(3):377–385. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2015.1070955.
- Gilbert SP, Weaver CC. Sleep quality and academic performance in university students: A wake-up call for college psychologists. J College Stud Psychother. 2010;24(4):295–306. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2010.509245.
- Benitez A, Gunstad J. Poor sleep quality diminishes cognitive functioning independent of depression and anxiety in healthy young adults. Clin Neuropsychol. 2012;26(2):214–223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2012.658439.
- Beard KW, Wolf EM. Modification in the proposed diagnostic criteria for Internet addiction. Cyberpsychology Behav. 2001;4(3):377–383. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/109493101300210286.
- Mihajlov M, Vejmelka L. Internet addiction: A review of the first twenty years. Psychiatr Danub. 2017;29(3):260–272. doi:https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2017.260.
- CINIC. The 41st Statistical Report on Internet Development in China. Beijing; 2018. https://cnnic.com.cn/IDR/ReportDownloads/201807/P020180711391069195909.pdf.
- Cheng C, Li A. Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: a meta-Analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw. 2014;17(12):755–760. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0317.
- Young KS. Internet addiction: a new clinical phenomenon and its consequences. Am Behav Sci. 2004;48(4):402–415. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764204270278.
- Higuchi S, Motohashi Y, Liu Y, Maeda A. Effects of playing a computer game using a bright display on presleep physiological variables, sleep latency, slow wave sleep and REM sleep. J Sleep Res. 2005;14(3):267–273. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2005.00463.x.
- Öksüz E, Guvenc G, Mumcu Ş. Relationship between problematic internet use and time management among nursing students. CIN - Comput Informatics Nurs. 2018;36(1):55–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000391.
- An J, Sun Y, Wan Y, Chen J, Wang X, Tao F. Associations between problematic internet use and adolescents’ physical and psychological symptoms: possible role of sleep quality. J Addict Med. 2014;8(4):282–287. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000026.
- Chen YL, Gau S. Sleep problems and internet addiction among children and adolescents: a longitudinal study. J Sleep Res. 2016;25(4):458–465. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12388.
- Tan Y, Chen Y, Lu Y, Li L. Exploring associations between problematic internet use, depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance among southern chinese adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2016;13(3):313. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13030313.
- Cheng SH, Shih CC, Lee IH, et al. A study on the sleep quality of incoming university students. Psychiatry Res. 2012;197(3):270–274. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2011.08.011.
- Lemola S, Ledermann T, Friedman EM. Variability of sleep duration is related to subjective sleep quality and subjective well-being: an actigraphy study. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e71292. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071292.
- Resnik D. Bioethical issues in providing financial incentives to research participants. Medicolegal Bioeth. 2015;2015(5):35–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/mb.s70416.
- Grady C, Dickert N, Jawetz T, Gensler G, Emanuel E. An analysis of U.S. practices of paying research participants. Contemp Clin Trials. 2005;26(3):365–375. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2005.02.003.
- Kline P. The Handbook of Psychological Testing/Paul Kline; 1999. doi:https://trove.nla.gov.au/version/18879975.
- Nunnally J. Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1978.
- Fornell C, Larcker DF. Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: algebra and statistics. J Mark Res. 1981;18(3):382–389. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/3150980.
- Young KS. Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychology Behav. 1998;1(3):237–244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237.
- American Psychological Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1994.
- Lai CM, Mak KK, Watanabe H, Ang RP, Pang JS, Ho R. Psychometric properties of the internet addiction test in chinese adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol. 2013;38(7):794–807. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jst022.
- Yao MZ, He J, Ko DM, Pang K. The influence of personality, parental behaviors, and self-Esteem on internet addiction: A study of Chinese college students. Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw. 2014;17(2):104–110. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0710.
- Young KS. Caught in the Net: How to Recognize the Signs of Internet Addiction – and a Winning Strategy for Recovery. 1st ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1998.
- Hinz A, Glaesmer H, Brähler E, et al. Sleep quality in the general population: psychometric properties of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, derived from a German community sample of 9284 people. Sleep Med. 2017;30(2017):57–63. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2016.03.008.
- Valerio TD, Kim MJ, Sexton-Radek K. Association of stress, general health, and alcohol use with poor sleep quality among U.S. college students. Am J Heal Educ. 2016;47(1):17–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2015.1111173.
- Angarita GA, Emadi N, Hodges S, Morgan PT. Sleep abnormalities associated with alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and opiate use: a comprehensive review. Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2016;11(1):9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/s13722-016-0056-7.
- Derogatis LR, Lipman RS, Covi L. The SCL-90: an outpatient psychiatric rating scale. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1973;9(1):13–28.
- Zhang J, Zhang X. Chinese college students’ SCL-90 scores and their relations to the college performance. Asian J Psychiatr. 2013;6(2):134–140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2012.09.009.
- Deng YQ, Liu XH, Rodriguez MA, Xia CY. The five facet mindfulness questionnaire: psychometric properties of the Chinese Version. Mindfulness (N Y). 2011;2(2):123–128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-011-0050-9.
- Liu Y, Song H, Wang T, et al. Determinants of tobacco smoking among rural-to-urban migrant workers: a cross-sectional survey in Shanghai. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):131. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1361-x.
- Jin H, Wu W, Zhang M. The preliminary results of SCL-90 analysis in a Chinese normal population. Chinese J Nerv Ment Dis. 1986;12(5):260–263.
- DeMaris A. Modeling continuous and limitedresponse variables. In: Regression with Social Data. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2004.
- CINIC.The 39th Statistical Report on Internet Development in China. Beijing; 2017. https://cnnic.com.cn/IDR/ReportDownloads/201706/P020170608523740585924.pdf.
- Yu D, Ren Q, Dong B, Zhao D, Sun Y. The sleep quality of medical students in China: a meta-analysis. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2017;15:299–310. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-017-0118-6.
- Li L, Wang YY, Bin WS, et al. Sleep duration and sleep patterns in Chinese university students: A comprehensive meta-analysis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2017;13(10):1153–1162. doi:https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.6760.
- Becker SP, Jarrett MA, Luebbe AM, Garner AA, Burns GL, Kofler MJ. Sleep in a large, multi-university sample of college students: sleep problem prevalence, sex differences, and mental health correlates. Sleep Heal. 2018;4(2):174–181. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2018.01.001.
- Sing CY, Wong WS. Prevalence of insomnia and its psychosocial correlates among college students in Hong Kong. J Am Coll Heal. 2011;19:660. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.497829.
- Huang RL, Lu Z, Liu JJ, et al. Features and predictors of problematic internet use in Chinese college students. Behav Inf Technol. 2009;28(5):485–490. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290701485801.
- Derbyshire KL, Lust KA, Schreiber LRN, et al. Problematic Internet use and associated risks in a college sample. Compr Psychiatry. 2013;54(5):415–422. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.11.003.
- Tateno M, Teo AR, Shirasaka T, Tayama M, Watabe M, Kato TA. Internet addiction and self-evaluated attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder traits among Japanese college students. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016;70(12):567–572. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12454.
- Chi X, Lin L, Zhang P. Internet addiction among college students in China: prevalence and psychosocial correlates. Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw. 2016;19(9):567–573. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0234.
- Dong G, Wang J, Yang X, Zhou H. Risk personality traits of Internet addiction: A longitudinal study of Internet-addicted Chinese university students. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry. 2013;5(4):316–321. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5872.2012.00185.x.
- Johnson EO, Breslau N. Sleep problems and substance use in adolescence. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2001;64(1):1–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-8716(00)00222-2.
- Wong MM, Robertson GC, Dyson RB. Prospective relationship between poor sleep and substance-related problems in a national sample of adolescents. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2015;39(2):355–362. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.12618.
- Sivertsen B, Skogen JC, Jakobsen R, Hysing M. Sleep and use of alcohol and drug in adolescence. A large population-based study of Norwegian adolescents aged 16 to 19 years. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015;149:180–186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.045.
- Gromov I, Gromov D. Sleep and substance use and abuse in adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2009;18(4):929–946. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2009.04.004.
- Kakinami L, O’Loughlin EK, Brunet J, et al. Associations between physical activity and sedentary behavior with sleep quality and quantity in young adults. Sleep Heal. 2017;3(1):56–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2016.11.001.
- Lang C, Brand S, Feldmeth AK, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Pühse U, Gerber M. Increased self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity predict sleep quality among adolescents. Physiol Behav. 2013;120:46–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.07.001.
- Lang C, Kalak N, Brand S, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Pühse U, Gerber M. The relationship between physical activity and sleep from mid adolescence to early adulthood. A systematic review of methodological approaches and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2016;28:32–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2015.07.004.