Response Format in Writing Self-Efficacy Assessment: Greater Discrimination Increases Prediction

REFERENCES

• Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1995). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. (Available from Frank Pajares, Division of Educational Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 36322)
   Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
   Google Scholar
• Betz, N. E. (1992). Career assessment: A review of critical issues. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of counseling psychology (2nd ed., pp. 453–484). New York: Wiley-Interscience.
   Google Scholar
• Betz, N. E., & Hackett, G. (1997). Applications of self-efficacy theory to the career assessment of women. Journal of Career Assessment, 5, 383–482.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cattell, R. B. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, I, 245–276.
   Google Scholar
• Eccles, J. (1983). Expectancies, values, and academic behaviors. In J. T. Spence (Ed.), Achievement and achievement motives: Psychological and sociological approaches (pp. 75–146). San Francisco: Freeman.
   Google Scholar
• Daly, J. A., & Miller, M. D. (1975). The empirical development of an instrument to measure writing apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English, 9, 272–289.
   Google Scholar
• Fouad, N. A., & Smith, P. L. (1996). A test of asocial cognitive model for middle school students: Math and science. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 338–346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fouad, N. A., Smith, P. L., & Enochs, L. (1997). Reliability and validity evidence for the Middle School Self-Efficacy Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 30, 17–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hackett, G. (1995). Self-efficacy in career choice and development. In A. Bandura (Ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies (pp. 232–258). New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hackett, G., & Betz, N. E. (1989). An exploration of the mathematics self-efficacy/mathematics performance correspondence. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 20, 261–273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, J. C. (1997). The measurement of self-efficacy. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 30, 2–3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jöreskog, K. G., & Lawley, D. N. (1968). New methods in maximum likelihood factor analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 21, 85–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lapan, R. T., Adams, A., Turner, S., & Hinkelman, J. M. (2000). Seventh graders' vocational interest and efficacy expectation patterns. Journal of Career Development, 26, 215–229.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lapan, R. T., Boggs, K. R., & Morrill, W. H. (1989). Self-efficacy as a mediator of investigative and realistic general occupational themes on the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36, 176–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lent, R. W., Brown, S. B., & Hackett, G. (1994). Toward a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45, 79–122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lent, R. W., Brown, S. B., & Hackett, G. (1996). Career development from a social cognitive perspective. In D. Brown, L. Brooks, & Associates (Eds.), Career choice and development (3rd ed., pp. 373–422). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Lent, R. W., & Hackett, G. (1987). Career self-efficacy: Empirical status and future directions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 30, 347–382.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lent, R. W., & Maddux, J. E. (1997). Self-efficacy: Building a sociocognitive bridge between social and counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 25, 240–255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W. (1990). The structure of academic self-concept: The Marsh—Shavelson model. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 623–636.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maurer, T. J., & Pierce, H. R. (1998). A comparison of Likert scale and traditional measures of self-efficacy. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 324–329.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy, P., Meier, S., & Rinderer, R. (1985). Self-efficacy and writing. College Composition and Communication, 36, 465–471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meece, J. L., Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (1990). Predictors of math anxiety and its influence on young adolescents' course enrollment and performance in mathematics. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 60–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, S., McCarthy, P. R., & Schmeck, R. R. (1984). Validity of self-efficacy as a predictor of writing performance. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 8, 107–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Middleton, M. J., & Midgley, C. (1997). Avoiding the demonstration of lack of ability: An underexplored aspect of goal theory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89, 710–718.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pajares, F., & Johnson, M. J. (1994). Confidence and competence in writing: The role of writing self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, and apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English, 28, 313–331.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pajares, F., Miller, M. D., & Johnson, M. J. (1999). Gender differences in writing self-beliefs of elementary school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 50–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pajares, F., & Valiante, G. (1997). The predictive and mediational role of the writing self-efficacy beliefs of upper elementary students. Journal of Educational Research, 90, 353–360.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedhazur, E. J. (1982). Multiple regression in behavioral research: Explanation and prediction (2nd ed.). New York: Harcourt Brace.
   Google Scholar
• Rowell, R. K. (1996). Partitioning predicted variance into constituent parts: How to conduct regression commonality analysis. In B. Thompson (Ed.), Advances in social science methodology (Vol. 4, pp. 33–43). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
   Google Scholar
• SAS Institute, Inc. (1989). SAS/STAT users' guide (Version 6, 4th ed., Vol. 1). Cary, NC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Seegers, G., & Boekaerts, M. (1996). Gender-related differences in self-referenced cognitions in relation to mathematics. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 27, 215–240.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shell, D. F., Colvin, C., & Bruning, R. H. (1995). Self-efficacy, attributions, and outcome expectancy mechanisms in reading and writing achievement: Grade-level and achievement-level differences. Journal of Educational Psychology, 87, 386–398.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shell, D. F., Murphy, C. C., & Bruning, R. H. (1989). Self-efficacy and outcome expectancy mechanisms in reading and writing achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 91–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Streiner, D. L., & Norman, G. R. (1989). Health measurement scales: A practical guide to their development and use. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, B., & Borrello, G. M. (1985). The importance of structure coefficients in regression research. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 45, 203–209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, E. J. (1959). The comparison of regression variables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 21, 396–399.
   Google Scholar
• Young, R. A., & Chen, C. P. (1999). Annual review: Practice and research in career counseling and development—1998. The Career Development Quarterly, 48, 98–141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman, B. J., & Martinez-Pons, M. (1990). Student differences in self-regulated learning: Relating grade, sex, and giftedness to self-efficacy and strategy use. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 51–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar