References
- Acker , J. , Barry , K. and Esseveld , J. 1991 . “ Objectivity and truth: Problems in doing feminist research ” . In Beyond methodology: Feminist scholarship as lived research Edited by: Fonow , M. M. and Cook , J. A. 133 – 153 . Bloomington, IN : Indiana U Press .
- Allen , M. R. 1993 . Critical and traditional science: Implications for communication research . Western Journal of Communication , 57 : 200 – 208 .
- Bakhtin , M. 1981 . The dialogic imagination. Austin, TX : U of Texas Press .
- Blair , C. , Brown , J. R. and Baxter , L. 1994 . Disciplining the feminine . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 80 : 383 – 409 .
- Bleier , R. 1984 . Science and gender. New York : Pergamon .
- Borg , W. R. and Gall , M. D. 1989 . Educational research: An introduction, , 5th ed. New York : Longman .
- Bostrom , R. and Donohew , L. 1992 . The case for empiricism: Clarifying fundamental issues in communication theory . Communication Monographs , 42 : 12 – 20 .
- Burrell , G. and Morgan , G. 1979 . Sociological paradigms and organizational analysis. London : Heinemann Educational Books .
- Comstock , D. E. 1994 . “ A method for critical research ” . In Readings in the philosophy of social science Edited by: Martin , M. and McIntyre , L. C. 625 – 639 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
- Deetz , S. 1973 . An understanding of science and a hermeneutic science of understanding . Journal of Communication , 23 : 139 – 159 .
- Deetz , S. and Mumby , D. 1990 . “ Power, discourse and workplace control: Reclaiming the critical tradition ” . In Communication yearbook Edited by: Anderson , J. 18 – 47 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage . 13)
- Ferguson , K. E. 1993 . The man question: Visions of subjectivity in feminist theory. Berkeley, CA : U. of California Press .
- Fitch , K. L. 1994 . Criteria for evidence in qualitative research . Western Journal of Communication , 58 : 32 – 38 .
- Fonow , M. M. and Cook , J. A. 1991 . “ Back to the future: A look at the second wave of feminist epistemology and methodology ” . In Beyond methodology: Feminist scholarship as lived research Edited by: Fonow , M. M. and Cook , J. A. 1 – 15 . Bloomington, IN : Indiana U Press .
- Foss , K. A. and Foss , S. K. 1994 . Personal experience as evidence in feminist scholarship . Western Journal of Communication , 58 : 39 – 43 .
- Foss , S. K. and Foss , K. A. 1988 . What distinguishes feminist scholarship in communication studies? . Women's Studies in Communication , 11 : 9 – 11 .
- Frey , L. R. , Botan , C. H. , Friedman , P. G. and Kreps , G. L. 1991 . Investigating communication: An introduction to research methods. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
- Ginsberg , E. and Lennox , S. 1996 . “ Antifeminism in scholarship and publishing ” . In Antifeminism in the academy Edited by: Clark , V. V. , Gardner , S. N. , Higonnet , M. and Katrack , K. H. 169 – 199 . New York : Routledge .
- Glesne , C. and Peshkin , A. 1992 . Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. White Plains, NY : Longman .
- Harding , S. 1987 . “ Is there a feminist method? ” . In Feminism and methodology Edited by: Harding , S. 1 – 14 . Bloomington, IN : Indiana U Press .
- Harding , S. 1991 . Whose science? Whose knowledge?: Thinking from women's lives. Ithaca, NY : Cornell U. Press .
- Hartsock , N. 1979 . “ Feminist theory and the development of revolutionary strategy ” . In Capitalist patriarchy and the case for socialist feminism. Edited by: Einstein , Z. R. New York : Monthly Review Press .
- Hawes , L. C. 1994 . Revisiting reflexivity . Western Journal of Communication , 58 : 5 – 10 .
- Hikins , J. W. 1995 . Nietzsche, eristic, and the rhetoric of the possible: A commentary on the Whitson and Poulakos 'aesthetic view' of rhetoric . The Quarterly Journal of Speech , 79 : 131 – 145 .
- Jacobson , W. 1998 . Defining the quality of practitioner research . Adult Education Quarterly , 48 ( 3 ) : 125 – 138 .
- Jayaratne , T. E. 1983 . “ The value of quantitative methodology for feminist research ” . In Theories of women's studies Edited by: Bowles , G. and Klein , R. D. 140 – 161 . Boston : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Jayaratne , T. E. and Stewart , A. J. 1991 . “ Quantitative and qualitative methods in the social sciences: Current feminist issues and practical strategies ” . In Beyond methodology: Feminist scholarship as lived research Edited by: Fonow , M. M. and Cook , J. A. 85 – 106 . Bloomington, IN : Indiana U Press .
- Kauffman , B. J. 1992 . Feminist facts: interview strategies and political subjects in ethnography . Communication Theory , 2 : 187 – 206 .
- Kolodny , A. 1996 . “ Paying the price of antifeminist intellectual harassment ” . In Antifeminism in the academy Edited by: Clark , V. V. , Gardner , S. N. , Higonnet , M. and Katrack , K. H. 3 – 33 . New York : Routledge .
- LeCompte , M. D. and Goetz , J. P. 1982 . Problems of reliability and validity in ethnographic research . Review of Educational Research , 52 : 31 – 60 .
- Lincoln , Y. S. and Guba , E. G. 1985 . Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .
- Lincoln , Y. S. and Guba , E. G. 1989 . Fourth generation evaluation. Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
- Lykes , M. B. and Stewart , A. J. 1986 . Evaluating the feminist challenge to research in personality and social psychology: 1963–1983 . Psychology of Women Quarterly , 10 : 393 – 412 .
- Miller , G. R. 1983 . Taking stock of a discipline . Journal of Communication , 33 : 31 – 39 .
- Nagel , E. 1994 . “ The value-oriented bias of social inquiry ” . In Readings in the philosophy of social science Edited by: Martin , M. and McIntyre , L. C. 571 – 584 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
- O'Keefe , D. J. 1975 . Logical empiricism and the study of human communication . Speech Monographs , 42 : 169 – 183 .
- Oakley , A. 1981 . “ Interviewing women: A contradiction in terms ” . In Doing feminist research Edited by: Roberts , H. 30 – 61 . London : Routledge and Kegan Paul .
- Phelan , S. 1994 . Getting specific: Postmodern lesbian politics. Minneapolis, MN : U. of Minnesota Press .
- Presnell , M. 1994 . “ Postmodern ethnography: From representing the other to co-producing a text ” . In Interpretive approaches to interpersonal communication Edited by: Carter , K. and Presnell , M. 11 – 43 . Albany : SUNY Press .
- Putnam , L. L. 1983 . “ The interpretive perspective: An alternative to functionalism ” . In Communication and organizations: An interpretive approach Edited by: Putnam , L. L. and Pacanowsky , M. E. 31 – 53 . Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .
- Reinharz , S. 1992 . Feminist methods in social research. New York : Oxford U Press .
- Rose , H. 1982 . “ Making science feminist ” . In The changing experience of women Edited by: Whitelegg , E. , Arnot , M. , Bartels , E. , Beechly , V. , Birke , L. , Himmelweit , S. , Leonard , D. , Ruehl , S. and Speakman , M. A. 353 – 372 . Oxford : Martin Robinson .
- Scheidel , T. M. 1994 . On evidence . Western Journal of Communication , 58 : 67 – 71 .
- Shields , V. R. and Dervin , B. 1993 . Sense-making in feminist social science research: A call to enlarge the methodological options of feminist studies . Women's Studies International Forum , 16 : 65 – 81 .
- Self , L. S. 1988 . What distinguishes/ought to distinguish feminist scholarship in communication studies?: Progress toward engendering a feminist academic practice . Women's Studies in Communication , 11 : 1 – 3 .
- Smith , D. 1974 . Women's perspective as a radical critique of sociology . Sociological Inquiry , 44 : 7 – 13 .
- Smith , D. 1977 . “ Some implications of a sociology for women ” . In Women in a man-made world: A socioeconomic handbook, , 2nd ed. Edited by: Glazer , N. and Waehrer , H. Chicago : Rand McNally .
- Smith , R. and Eisenberg , E. 1987 . Conflict at Disneyland: A root-metaphor analysis . Communication Monographs , 54 : 367 – 380 .
- Stanley , L. and Wise , S. 1983 . Breaking out: Feminist consciousness and feminist research. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Stewart , J. 1994 . “ An interpretive approach to validity in interpersonal communication research ” . In Interpretive approaches to interpersonal communication Edited by: Carter , K. and Presnell , M. 45 – 81 . Albany : SUNY Press .
- Strine , M. S. 1992 . Understanding “how things work”: Sexual harassment and academic culture . Journal of Applied Communication Research , 20 : 361 – 400 .
- Susman , G. I. 1983 . “ Action research: A sociotechnical systems perspective ” . In Beyond method: Strategies for social research Edited by: Morgan , G. 95 – 113 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
- Taylor , C. 1994 . “ Interpretation and the sciences of man ” . In Readings in the philosophy of social science Edited by: Martin , M. and McIntyre , L. C. 181 – 211 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
- Tompkins , P. K. 1994 . Principles of rigor for assessing evidence in 'qualitative' communication research . Western Journal of Communication , 58 : 44 – 50 .
- Wallston , B. 1981 . What are the questions in psychology of women? A feminist approach to research . Psychology of Women Quarterly. , 5 : 597 – 617 .
- Ward , K. B. and Grant , L. 1991 . “ Coauthorship, gender, and publication among sociologists ” . In Beyond methodology: Feminist scholarship as lived research Edited by: Fonow , M. M. and Cook , J. A. 248 – 264 . Bloomington, IN : Indiana U Press .
- Westkott , M. 1979 . Feminist criticism of the social sciences . Harvard Educational Review , 49 ( 4 ) : 422 – 430 .
- Wylie , A. 1994 . “ Reasoning about ourselves: Feminist methodology in the social sciences ” . In Readings in the philosophy of social science Edited by: Martin , M. and McIntyre , L. C. 611 – 624 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .