12,440
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Cardiology & Cardiovascular Disorders

Comparison between the world health organization (WHO) and international society of hypertension (ISH) guidelines for hypertension

, , , &
Pages 837-845 | Received 27 Sep 2021, Accepted 15 Feb 2022, Published online: 15 Mar 2022

References

  • Guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021.
  • Unger T, Borghi C, Charchar F, et al. 2020 International society of hypertension global hypertension practice guidelines. Hypertension. 2020;75(6):1334–1357.
  • What are clinical practice guidelines? - InformedHealth.org - NCBI Bookshelf [Internet]. [cited 2021 Aug 28]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK390308/
  • Chalmers J, MacMahon S, Mancia G, et al. 1999 World health Organization-International society of hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension. Guidelines Sub-committee of the world health organization. Clin Exp Hypertens. 1999;21(5-6):1009–1060.
  • Whitworth J, World Health Organization, International Society of Hypertension Writing Group. 2003 World health organization (WHO)/international society of hypertension (ISH) statement on management of hypertension. J Hypertens. 2003;21(11):1983–1992.
  • Mills KT, Stefanescu A, He J. The global epidemiology of hypertension. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020;16(4):223–237.
  • Zhou B, Carrillo-Larco RM, Danaei G, et al. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. Lancet. 2021;398(10304):957–980.
  • Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. ESC/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the european society of cardiology and the european society of hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(33):3021–3104. 2018;
  • Phillips RA, Xu J, Peterson LE, et al. Impact of cardiovascular risk on the relative benefit and harm of intensive treatment of hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(15):1601–1610.
  • Lonn EM, Bosch J, López-Jaramillo P, et al.; HOPE-3 Investigators. Blood-Pressure lowering in Intermediate-Risk persons without cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(21):2009–2020.
  • The Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration. Pharmacological blood pressure lowering for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease across different levels of blood pressure: an individual participant-level data Meta-analysis. Lancet. 2021;397(10285):1625–1636.
  • Brunström M, Carlberg B. Association of blood pressure lowering with mortality and cardiovascular disease across blood pressure Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(1):28–36.
  • Constanti M, Floyd CN, Glover M, et al. Cost-Effectiveness of initiating pharmacological treatment in stage one hypertension based on 10-Year cardiovascular disease risk: a markov modeling study. Hypertension. 2021;77(2):682–691.
  • Gaziano TA, Steyn K, Cohen DJ, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of hypertension guidelines in South Africa: Absolute risk versus blood pressure level. Circulation. 2005;112(23):3569–3576.
  • Gorostidi M, Vinyoles E, Banegas JR, et al. Prevalence of white-coat and masked hypertension in national and international registries. Hypertens Res. 2015;38(1):1–7.
  • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management. London: Clinical Guideline 136 National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE); 2019.
  • Philip R, Beaney T, Appelbaum N, et al. Variation in hypertension clinical practice guidelines: a global comparison. BMC Med. 2021;19(1):117.
  • Thomopoulos C, Parati G, Zanchetti A. Effects of blood pressure lowering on outcome incidence in hypertension.1. Overview, Meta-analyses, and Meta-regression analyses of randomized trials. J Hypertens. 2014;32(12):2285–2295.
  • Rea F, Corrao G, Merlino L, et al. Initial antihypertensive treatment strategies and therapeutic inertia evidence from a large population-based cohort. Hypertension. 2018;72(4):846–853.
  • Parati G, Kjeldsen S, Coca A, et al. Adherence to single-pill versus free-equivalent combination therapy in hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertension. 2021;77(2):692–705.
  • Zhang ZY, Yu YL, Asayama K, et al. Starting antihypertensive drug treatment with combination therapy: Controversies in Hypertension - Con side of the argument. Hypertension. 2021;77(3):788–798.
  • Engberink RHGO, Frenkel WJ, Van Den Bogaard B, et al. Van den born BJH. Effects of thiazide-type and thiazide-like diuretics on cardiovascular events and mortality: Systematic review and Meta-analysis. Hypertension. 2015;65(5):1033–1040.
  • Liang W, Ma H, Cao L, et al. Comparison of thiazide-like diuretics versus thiazide-type diuretics: a Meta-analysis. J Cell Mol Med. 2017;21(11):2634–2642.
  • Pareek A, Ram CVS, Joshi S, et al. 2020 International society of hypertension guidelines: preference of calcium channel blocker over thiazide-like diuretics lacks evidence. J Hypertens. 2020;38(11):2335–2336.
  • Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian cardiac outcomes Trial-Blood pressure lowering arm (ASCOT-B. Lancet. 2005;366(9489):895–906.(05)67185-1
  • The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). J Am Med Assoc. 2002;288(23):2981–2997.
  • Poulter N, Williams B, Unger T. Reply. J Hypertens [Internet]. 2020;38(11):2336–2337.
  • Williams B, Macdonald TM, Morant S, et al. Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (PATHWAY-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. Lancet. 2015;386(10008):2059–2068.
  • Williams B, MacDonald TM, Morant SV, et al. Endocrine and haemodynamic changes in resistant hypertension, and blood pressure responses to spironolactone or amiloride: the PATHWAY-2 mechanisms substudies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6(6):464–475.(18)30071-8
  • Sinnott SJ, Tomlinson LA, Root AA, et al. Comparative effectiveness of fourth-line anti-hypertensive agents in resistant hypertension: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017;24(3):228–238.
  • Bochud M, Staessen JA, Maillard M, et al. Ethnic differences in proximal and distal tubular sodium reabsorption are heritable in black and white populations. J Hypertens. 2009;27(3):606–612.
  • Huisman HW, Schutte AE, Schutte R, et al. Exploring the link between cardiovascular reactivity and end-organ damage in african and caucasian men: the SABPA study. Am J Hypertens. 2013;26(1):68–75.
  • Mokwatsi GG, Schutte AE, Kruger R. Ethnic differences regarding arterial stiffness of 6-8-year-old black and white boys. J Hypertens. 2017;35(5):960–967.
  • Brewster LM, van Montfrans GA, Oehlers GP, et al. Systematic review: antihypertensive drug therapy in patients of african and South asian ethnicity. Intern Emerg Med. 2016;11(3):355–374.
  • Sareli P, Radevski IV, Valtchanova ZP, et al. Efficacy of different drug classes used to initiate antihypertensive treatment in black subjects: Results of a randomized trial in johannesburg, South Africa. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(7):965–971.
  • Böhm M, Schumacher H, Teo KK, et al. Achieved blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk patients: results from ONTARGET and TRANSCEND trials. Lancet. 2017;389(10085):2226–2237.(17)30754-7
  • Murad MH, Larrea-Mantilla L, Haddad A, et al. Antihypertensive agents in older adults: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104(5):1575–1584.
  • Reboussin DM, Allen NB, Griswold ME, et al. Systematic review for the 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults a report of the american college of cardiology//American Heart Association. Hypert. 2018;71(6):e595–616.
  • Wright JT, Williamson JD, Whelton PK, et al. A randomized trial of intensive versus standard Blood-Pressure control. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2103–2116.
  • Cushman C, Evans GW, Byington RP, et al. Effects of intensive Blood-Pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(17):1575–1585.
  • Benavente OR, Coffey CS, Conwit R, et al.; SPS3 Study Group. Blood-pressure targets in patients with recent lacunar stroke: the SPS3 randomised trial. Lancet. 2013;382(9891):507–515.
  • Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, et al. Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a Meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360(9349):1903–1913.
  • Birtwhistle RV, Godwin MS, Delva MD, et al. Randomised equivalence trial comparing three month and six month follow up of patients with hypertension by family practitioners. BMJ. 2004;328(7433):204.
  • Mills K, Bundy J, Kelly T, et al. Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control: a systematic analysis of Population-Based studies from 90 Countries. Circulation. 2016;134(6):441–450.
  • Sriram V, Bennett S. Strengthening medical specialisation policy in low-income and Middle-income countries. BMJ Glob Health. 2020;5(2):e002053.
  • Hearts: technical package for cardiovascular disease management in primary health care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.
  • HEARTS technical package for cardiovascular disease management in primary health care: evidence-based treatment protocols. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.
  • Husain MJ, Allaire BT, Hutchinson B, et al. Assessing costs of a hypertension management program: an application of the HEARTS costing tool in a program planning workshop in Thailand. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2020;22(1):111–117.