References
- Adams, E. A., & Zulu, L. C. (2015). Participants or customers in water governance? Community–public partnerships for peri-urban water supply. Geoforum, 65, 112–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2015.07.017
- Adank, M., & Tuffour, B. (2013). Management models for the provision of Small Town and Peri-urban water services in Ghana. TPP Synthesis Report. WASH Resource Centre Network (RCN) Ghana. Retrieved May 20, 2016, from https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/tpp_synthesis_report_final_medium_res_min_size.pdf
- Bakker, K., Kooy, M., Shofiani, N. E., & Martijn, E.-J. (2008). Governance failure: Rethinking the institutional dimensions of urban water supply to poor households. World Development, 36(10), 1891–1915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.09.015
- Berg, S. V., & Mugisha, S. (2010). Pro-poor water service strategies in developing countries: Promoting justice in Uganda’s urban project. Water Policy, 12(4), 589–601. https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.120
- Boakye-Ansah, A. S., Ferrero, G., Rusca, M., & van der Zaag, P. (2016). Inequalities in microbial contamination of drinking water supplies in urban areas: The case of Lilongwe, Malawi. Journal of Water and Health, 14(5), 851–863. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2016.258
- Boakye-Ansah, A. S. (2020). Pro-poor strategies in urban water provisioning. What Kenyan water utilities do and why they do it [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Amsterdam.
- Boakye-Ansah, A. S., Schwartz, K., & Zwarteveen, M. (2019a). Unravelling pro-poor water services: What does it mean and why is it so popular? Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 9(2), 187–197. https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.086
- Boakye-Ansah, A. S., Schwartz, K., & Zwarteveen, M. (2019b). From rowdy cartels to organized ones? The transfer of power in urban water supply in Kenya. The European Journal of Development Research, 31(5), 1246–1262. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41287-019-00209-3
- Castro, V., & Morel, A. (2008). Can delegated management help water utilities improve services to informal settlements? Waterlines, 27(4), 289–306. https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2008.034
- Chakava, Y., & Franceys, R. (2016). What hope for the transition? Evaluating pro-poor water supply interventions in urban low-income settlements in Kenya. Waterlines, 35(4), 365–387.
- Cross, P., & Morel, A. (2005). Pro-poor strategies for urban water supply and sanitation services delivery in Africa. Water Science and Technology, 51(8), 51–57. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0223
- Graham, S., & Marvin, S. (2001). Splintering urbanism: Networked infrastructures, technological mobilities and the urban condition (1st ed). Routledge.
- Gulyani, S., Talukdar, D., & Kariuki, R. M. (2005). Universal (non)service? Water markets, household demand and the poor in urban Kenya. Urban Studies, 42(8), 1247–1274. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980500150557
- Hadzovic, L. (2015) Water pricing regimes and production of the urban waterscape. A case study of Lilongwe, Malawi [Master’s Thesis]. UNESCO-IHE, Delft (ES.14.03).
- Haque, M. (2019). Urban water governance: Pricing of water for the slum dwellers of Dhaka metropolis. In B. Ray & R. Shaw (Eds.), Urban drought (pp. 385–397). Springer.
- Harris, L. M., & Morinville, C. (2013). Improving participatory water governance in Accra, Ghana. CIGI-Africa Initiative Policy Brief Series.
- Heymans, C., Eales, K., & Franceys, R. (2014). The limits and possibilities of prepaid water in Urban Africa: Lessons from the field. World Bank. Retrieved May 14, 2016, from http://wwwwds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/8/26/000470435_20140826140705/Rendered/PDF/901590REPLACEM0Prepaid0WaterAfrica.pdf
- Jaglin, S. (2008). Differentiating networked services in Cape Town: Echoes of splintering urbanism? Geoforum, 39(6), 1897–1906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.04.010
- Jiménez, A., LeDeunff, H., Giné, R., Sjödin, J., Cronk, R., Murad, S., Takane, M., & Bartram, J. (2019). The enabling environment for participation in water and sanitation: A conceptual framework. Water, 11(2), 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020308
- Kenya National Bureau of Statistica (KNBS). (2009). Kenya population and housing census 2009.
- Kericho Water and Sanitation Company (KEWASCO). (2018). Pro-poor strategy for Kericho’s Informal Settlements (Low Income Areas) January 2018 – June 2022.
- Lauria, D. T., Hopkins, O. S., & Debomy, S. (2005). Pro-poor subsidies for water connections in West Africa. Water Supply and Sanitation Working Note No. 3. World Bank.
- Loftus, A. (2006). Reification and the dictatorship of the water meter. Antipode, 38(5), 1023–1045. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8330.2006.00491.x
- Mara, D., & Alabaster, G. (2008). A new paradigm for low-cost urban water supplies and sanitation in developing countries. Water Policy, 10(2), 119. https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.034
- Mitlin, D., Beard, V. A., Satterthwaite, D., & Du, J. (2019). Unaffordable and undrinkable: Rethinking urban water access in the global south.
- Nakuru Water and Sanitation Company. (2013). Strategies and actions towards improving water and sanitation service provision to Nakuru’s low income areas. Nakuru Water and Sanitation Service Company Pro-poor Strategy, January 2013-December 2017.
- Njiru, C., Smout, I., & Sansom, K. (2001). Managing water services through service differentiation and pricing in an African city. Water and Environment Journal, 15(4), 277–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2001.tb00354.x
- Nzengya, D. M. (2017). Improving water service to the urban poor through delegated management: Lessons from the city of Kisumu, Kenya. Development Policy Review, 36(2), 190–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12361
- Rusca, M., Boakye-Ansah, A. S., Loftus, A., Ferrero, G., & Van Der Zaag, P. (2017). An interdisciplinary political ecology of drinking water quality. Exploring socio-ecological inequalities in Lilongwe’s water supply network. Geoforum, 84, 138–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.06.013
- Schwartz, K., Tutusaus, M., & Savelli, E. (2017). Water for the urban poor: Balancing financial and social objectives through service differentiation in the Kenyan water sector. Utilities Policy, 48, 22–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2017.08.001
- United Nations (2010). Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on July 2010. The human right to water and sanitation. UN. http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/human_right_to_water.shtm
- Van Ryneveld, P., Parnell, S., & Muller, D. (2003). Indigent Policy: Including the poor in the City of Cape Town’s income strategy. City of Cape Town.
- WASREB. (2020). Website. Retrieved January 7, 2020, from https://wasreb.go.ke/about-wasreb/
- Water Act. (2016). Republic of Kenya Water Act: Laws of Kenya
- Water and Sanitation Program. (2009). Improving water utility services through delegated management. Lessons from the utility and small-scale providers in Kisumu, Kenya. Retrieved April 22, 2016, from https://www.wsp.org/sites/wsp.org/fles/publications/Af-imp_through_delegated_mgmt.pdf
- WaterAid (2016). Water: At what cost? The state of the world’s water 2016. Retrieved August 28, 2020, from https://www.womenforwater.org/uploads/7/7/5/1/77516286/water_at_what_cost_wateraid_2016.pdf
- WHO & UNICEF. (2017). Joint monitoring programme for water supply and sanitation, 2017. Safely managed drinking water – Thematic report on drinking water 2017. World Health Organization. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- WHO & WEDC (Water, Engineering and Development Centre). (2013). ‘How much water is needed in emergencies.’ Technical Notes on Drinking-Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies. Geneva
- World Bank. (2015). Leveraging water global practice knowledge and lending: Improving services for the Nairobi water and sewerage utility to reach the urban poor in Kenya.
- World Health Organization. (2003). The right to water. http://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/water/docs/Right_to_Water.pdf