References
- Arian, A., & Barnes, S. H. (1974). The dominant party system: A neglected model of democratic stability. The Journal of Politics, 36(3), 592–614.
- Bew, P., Patterson, H., & Gibbon, P. (1979). The State in Northern Ireland 1921-1972: Political Forces and Social Classes. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Blondel, J. (1968). Party systems and patterns of government in Western democracies. Canadian Journal of Political Science, 1(2), 180–203.
- Bogaards, M. (2004). Counting parties and identifying dominant party systems in Africa. European Journal of Political Research, 43(2), 173–197.
- Buckland, P. (1986). Review of Graham S. Walker. The politics of frustration: Harry Midgley and the failure of Labour in Northern Ireland. Albion, 18(4), 727–728.
- Campbell, J. (2020, 3 June). Brexit: NI Assembly votes to extend transition period. BBC Northern Ireland News. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-52906604
- Coakley, J. (2008). Ethnic competition and the logic of party system transformation. European Journal of Political Research, 47(6), 766–793.
- Crighton, E., & Iver, M. A. M. (1991). The evolution of protracted ethnic conflict: Group dominance and political underdevelopment in Northern Ireland and Lebanon. Comparative Politics, 23(2), 127–142.
- Duverger, M. (1959 [1951]). Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern State. London: Methuen.
- Edwards, A. (2013). A History of the Northern Ireland Labour Party: Democratic Socialism and Sectarianism. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Emerson, N. (2020a, 26 March). Arlene Foster and Michelle O’Neill are a credible double act. The Irish Times. https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/newton-emerson-arlene-foster-and-michelle-o-neill-are-a-credible-double-act-1.4212006
- Emerson, N. (2020b, 21 May). The real U-turn on a Brexit sea border has been by the DUP. The Irish Times. https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/newton-emerson-the-real-u-turn-on-a-brexit-sea-border-has-been-by-the-dup-1.4258433
- Ferguson, A. (2016, 5 March). UUP to campaign against Brexit. The Irish Times. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/uup-to-campaign-against-brexit-1.2561908
- Giliomee, H., & Simkins, C. (1999). The Awkward Embrace: One-Party Domination and Democracy. Amsterdam: Harwood.
- Hayward, K., & McManus, C. (2019). Neither/nor: The rejection of unionist and nationalist identities in post-agreement Northern Ireland. Capital & Class, 43(1), 139–155.
- Hennessey, T., Braniff, M., McAuley, J. W., Tonge, J., & Whiting, S. A. (2018). The Ulster Unionist Party: Country Before Party? Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Kane, A. (2019, 16 December). Why demonising the Alliance Party as Sinn Fein fellow travellers backfired on DUP. The Belfast Telegraph. https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/news-analysis/alex-kane-why-demonising-the-alliance-party-as-sinn-fein-fellow-travellers-backfired-on-dup-38789601.html
- Kaßner, M. (2013). The Influence of the Type of Dominant Party on Democracy: A Comparison Between South Africa and Malaysia. New York: Springer.
- Loughlin, C. J. V. (2018) Labour and the Politics of Disloyalty in Belfast, 1921–1939. New York: Springer.
- Mair, P. (1979). The autonomy of the political: The development of the Irish party system. Comparative Politics, 11(4), 445–465.
- Mair, P. (1996). Party systems and structures of competition. In L. N. LeDuc, G. Richard, & P. Norris (Eds.), Comparing Democracies: Elections and Voting in Global Perspective (pp. 83–106). London: Sage.
- McKeown, G. (2016, 1 November). All-island Dublin forum on Brexit to take place without Arlene Foster and DUP. The Irish News. https://www.irishnews.com/news/2016/11/02/news/all-island-dublin-brexit-forum-to-go-ahead-without-the-first-minister-765692/
- Mitchell, P. (1995). Party competition in an ethnic dual party system. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 18(4), 773–796.
- Mitchell, P. (1999). The party system and party competition. In P. Mitchell, & R. Wilford (Eds.), Politics in Northern Ireland (pp. 91–116). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- Mitchell, P., Evans, G., & O’Leary, B. (2009). Extremist outbidding in ethnic party systems is not inevitable: Tribune parties in Northern Ireland. Political Studies, 57(2), 397–421.
- Mitchell, P., O’Leary, B., & Evans, G. (2001). Northern Ireland: Flanking extremists bite the moderates and emerge in their clothes. Parliamentary Affairs, 54(4), 725–742.
- Moriarty, G. (2019, 9 November). North will be a ‘place apart’ under Brexit deal, new UUP leader says. The Irish Times. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/north-will-be-a-place-apart-under-brexit-deal-new-uup-leader-says-1.4078106
- Moriarty, G. (2020, 2 June). Northern Assembly supports DUP motion on abortion. The Irish Times. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/northern-assembly-supports-dup-motion-on-abortion-1.4269069
- Moriarty G. & McClements, F. (2020, 9 January). Stormont talks breakthrough: Simon Coveney and Julian Smith present new deal. The Irish Times. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/stormont-talks-breakthrough-simon-coveney-and-julian-smith-present-new-deal-1.4134909
- Nolan, P., Bryan, D., Dwyer, C., Hayward, K., Radford, K., & Shirlow, P. (2014). The Flag Dispute: Anatomy of a Protest. Belfast: Queen’s University Belfast.
- O’Brien, G. (1999). Our Magee problem: Stormont and the new university. In G. O’Brien (Ed.), Derry and Londonderry: History and Society (pp. 647–696). Dublin: Geography Publications.
- Ó Dochartaigh, N. (1999). The politics of housing: Social change and collective action in Derry in the 1960s. In G. O’Brien (Ed.), Derry and Londonderry: History and Society (pp. 625–646). Dublin: Geography Publications.
- O’Leary, B. (2019). A Treatise on Northern Ireland, Volume III: Consociation and Confederation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- O’Leary, B., & McGarry, J. (1996). The Politics of Antagonism: Understanding Northern Ireland. London: Athlone Press.
- RTÉ (2018, 15 Nov). Northern Ireland's pro-remain parties hold ‘positive’ Brexit meeting with Taoiseach. RTÉ News. https://www.rte.ie/news/politics/2018/1115/1011105-brexit-northern-ireland-politics/
- Sartori, G. (1976). Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Smyth, P. (2018, 5 October). North’s Remainer leaders warn against any DUP veto on backstop. The Irish Times. Retrieved from: https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/north-s-remainer-leaders-warn-against-any-dup-veto-on-backstop-1.3652959
- Tonge, J. (2020). Beyond unionism versus nationalism: The rise of the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland. The Political Quarterly, 91(2), 461–466.
- Walker, G. S. (1985). The Politics of Frustration: Harry Midgley and the Failure of Labour in Northern Ireland. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Whitten, L. C. (2020). Breaking walls & norms: A report on the UK general election in Northern Ireland, 2019. Irish Political Studies, 35(2), 313–330.