References
- Akenson, D. H. (1992). God’s peoples: Covenant and land in South Africa, Israel and Ulster. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
- Altermatt, U. (1994). Le catholicisme au défi de la modernité: L’histoire sociale des catholiques suisses aux xix et xx siecles. Lausanne: Payot Lausanne.
- Alvis, R. E. (2005). Religion and the rise of nationalism: A profile of an East-Central European city. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
- Anderson, M. L. (1995). The limits of secularization: On the problem of the Catholic revival in nineteenth-century Germany. The Historical Journal, 38(3), 647–670.
- Anderson, M. L. (2001). Afterword: Living apart and together in Germany. In H. W. Smith (Ed.), Protestants, Catholics, and Jews in Germany: 1800–1919 (pp. 319–332). Oxford: Berg.
- Arnold, J. (Ed.). (2014). The Oxford handbook of medieval Christianity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Aston, N. (2000). Religion and revolution in France, 1780–1804. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press.
- Aston, N. (2002). Christianity and revolutionary Europe, c. 1750-1830. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Aston, N. (2012). The established church. In W. Doyle (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of the ancien regime (pp. 285–301). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bank, J., & Gevers, L. (2016). Churches and religion in the Second World War. London: Bloomsbury.
- Bar-Tal, D. (2013). Intractable conflicts: Socio-psychological foundations and dynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Bartlett, T. (1992). The fall and rise of the Irish nation: The Catholic Question, 1690–1830. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan.
- Bew, P. (2007). Ireland: The politics of enmity 1789–2006. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Blaschke, O. (2013). Anti-Protestantism and anti-Catholicism in the 19th century: A comparison. In Y. Werner & J. Harvard (Eds.), European anti-Catholicism in a comparative and transnational perspective (pp. 115–134). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
- Borello, C. (Dir). (2013). Les oeuvres protestantes en Europe. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes.
- Bourke, R. (2011). Languages of conflict and the Northern Ireland troubles. The Journal of Modern History, 83(3), 544–578.
- Bowen, K. (1983). Protestants in a Catholic state: Ireland’s privileged minority. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
- Boyce, D. G. (1995). Nationalism in Ireland (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.
- Boyer, J. C. M. (1996). La frontière entre protestantisme et catholicisme en Europe. Annales de Géographie, 588, 119–140.
- Brewer, J. D., & Higgins, G. (1998). Anti-Catholicism in Northern Ireland, 1600–1998. Houndmills: Macmillan.
- Brewer, J. D., Higgins, G., & Teeney, F. (2011). Religion, Civil Society and Peace in Northern Ireland. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Briggs, R. (2012). Popular religion. In W. Doyle (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of the ancien regime (pp. 302–317). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bruce, S. (1994). The edge of the union: The Ulster loyalist political vision. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bury, R. (2016). Buried lives: The Protestants of Southern Ireland. Dublin: History Press.
- Butler, D., & Ruane, J. (2009). Difference, identity and community in Southern Irish Protestantism: The Protestants of West Cork. National Identities, 11(1), 73–86.
- Caiani, A. (2017). Re-inventing the ancienrRégime in post-Napoleonic Europe. European History Quarterly, 47(3), 437–460.
- Canny, N. (2003). Making Ireland British, 1580–1650. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Carroll, C., & King, P. (Eds.). (2002). Ireland and post-colonial theory. Cork: Cork University Press.
- Chadwick, O. (2001). The early Reformation on the continent. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Chappel, J. (2018). Catholic modern: The challenge of totalitarianism and the remaking of the Church. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Clark, C. (2003). The new Catholicism and the European culture wars. In C. Clark & W. Kaiser (Eds.), Culture wars: Secular-Catholic culture conflict in nineteenth-century Europe (pp. 11–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Clayton, P. (1996). Enemies and passing friends: Settler ideologies in twentieth-century Ulster. London: Pluto Press.
- Connolly, S. J. (2007). Contested Island: Ireland 1460–1630. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Connolly, S. J. (2008). Divided kingdom: Ireland 1630–1800. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Connolly, S. J. (2017). Settler colonialism in Ireland from the English conquest to the nineteenth century. In E. Cavanagh & L. Veracini (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of the history of settler colonialism (pp. 49–64). London: Routledge.
- Conway, M. (1997). Catholic politics in Europe, 1918–1945. London: Routledge.
- Crawford, H. (2017). Outside the glow: Protestants and Irishness in independent Ireland. Dublin: UCD Press.
- Crotty, R. (2001). When histories collide: The development and impact of individualistic capitalism. Oxford: AltaMira Press.
- Cullen, L. (1981). The emergence of modern Ireland, 1600–1900. London: Batsford.
- d’Alton, I., & Milne, I. (2019). Protestant and Irish: The minority’s search for place in independent Ireland. Cork: Cork University Press.
- Davis, N. Z. (1973). The rites of violence. Past and Present, 59, 51–91.
- Dickson, J. N. I. (2007). Beyond religious discourse: Sermons, preaching and evangelical Protestants in nineteenth-century Irish society. Milton Keynes: Paternoster.
- Dixon, S., Freist, D., & Greengrass, M. (Eds.). (2009). Living with religious diversity in early-modern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Dornschneider, S., & Todd, J. (2020). Everyday sentiment among unionists and nationalists in a Northern Irish town. Irish Political Studies, published online: 09 Apr 2020.
- Eire, C. M. N. (1986). War against the idols: The Reformation of worship from Erasmus to Calvin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Eire, C. M. N. (2016). Reformations: The early modern world, 1450–1650. New Haven: Yale University Press.
- Elliott, M. (2009). When God took sides: Religion and identity in Ireland. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Ellis, S. G. (2014). The making of the British Isles: The state of Britain and Ireland, 1450–1660. London: Routledge.
- Fahey, T., Hayes, B., & Sinnott, R. (2006). Conflict and consensus: A study of values and attitudes in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Leiden: Brill.
- Farrell, S. (2000). Rituals and riots. Sectarian violence and political culture in Ulster, 1784–1886. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
- Foster, R. (1988). Modern Ireland 1600–1972. London: Allen Lane.
- François, E. (1993). Protestants et Catholiques en Allemagne: Identités et pluralisme. Augsbourg, 1648–1806. Paris: Albin Michel.
- Frijhoff, W. (2006). Popular religion. In S. J. Brown & T. Tackett (Eds.), Cambridge history of the Reformation Vol VII (pp. 185–207). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Fulton, J. (1991). The tragedy of belief: Division, politics, and religion in Ireland. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Ganiel, G. (2008). Evangelicalism and conflict in Northern Ireland. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ganiel, G. (2016). Transforming post-Catholic Ireland: Religious practice in late modernity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Gibbon, P. (1975). The origins of Ulster Unionism. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Gordon, B. (Ed.). (1996). Protestant history and identity in sixteenth-century Europe (vols. l and II). Aldershot: Scolar Press.
- Greengrass, M. (2013). Europe’s ‘wars of religion’ and their legacies. In J. Wolffe (Ed.), Protestant-Catholic conflict from the Reformation to the 21st century (pp. 22–45). London: Palgrave.
- Gregory, B. (2001). Salvation at stake: Christian martyrdom in early modern Europe. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Gross, M. B. (2005). The War against Catholicism: Liberalism and the anti-Catholic imagination in nineteenth-century Germany. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
- Hall, C. (2002). Civilising subjects: Metropole and colony in the English imagination, 1830–1867. Oxford: Polity.
- Halvorson, M., & Spierling, K. (Eds.). (2008). Defining community in early modern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Hause, S. C. (1989). Anti-Protestant rhetoric in the early Third Republic. French Historical Studies, 16(1), 183–201.
- Hayes, B., & McAllister, I. (2013). Conflict to peace: Politics and society in Northern Ireland over half a century. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Heilbronner, O. (2000). From ghetto to ghetto: The place of German Catholic society in recent historiography. The Journal of Modern History, 72(2), 453–495.
- Heilbronner, O. (2006). The age of Catholic revival. In S. Berger (Ed.), A companion to nineteenth-century Europe, 1789–1914 (pp. 236–247). Oxford: Blackwell.
- Hempton, D., & Hill, M. (1992). Evangelical Protestantism in Ulster society 1740–1890. London: Routledge.
- Hickey, J. (1984). Religion and the Northern Ireland problem. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
- Hill, J. (1988). Popery and Protestantism, civil and religious liberty: The disputed lessons of Irish history 1690–1812. Past and Present, 118, 96–129.
- Hill, J. (2002). Protestant ascendancy challenged: The Church of Ireland laity and the public sphere, 1740–1869. In R. Gillespie & W. G. Neely (Eds.), The laity and the Church of Ireland, 1000–2000 (pp. 152–169). Dublin: Four Courts Press.
- Hoppen, K. T. (2013). Ireland since 1800: Conflict and conformity. London: Routledge.
- Howe, S. (2000). Ireland and empire: Colonial legacies in Irish history and culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Howe, S. (2014). Colonized and colonizers: Ireland in the British Empire. In A. Jackson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of modern Irish history (pp. 65–82). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Hsia, R. P. (Ed.). (2007). The Cambridge history of Christianity, Vol 6: Reform and expansion 1500–1660. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Jackson, A. (2010). Ireland 1798–1998: War, peace and beyond. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Kaplan, B. J. (2007). Divided by faith: Religious conflict and the practice of toleration in early modern Europe. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Kaplan, B. J. (2014). Cunegonde's kidnapping: A story of religious conflict in the age of Enlightenment. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
- Karant-Nunn, S. (2010). Reformation of feeling: Shaping the religious emotions in early modern Germany. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Kennedy, D. (1988). The widening Gulf: Northern attitudes to the independent Irish state, 1919–49. Belfast: Blackstaff.
- Kinealy, C. (2006). At home with the empire: The example of Ireland. In C. Hall, & S. O. Rose (Eds.), At home with the empire: Metropolitan culture and the imperial world (pp. 77–100). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Leerssen, J. (1996). Mere Irish and Fíor-Ghael: Studies in the idea of Irish nationality, its development and literary expression prior to the nineteenth century. Cork: Cork University Press.
- Leighton, C. D. A. (1994). Catholicism in a Protestant kingdom: A study of the Irish ancien régime. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
- Lenihan, P. (2007). Consolidating conquest: Ireland 1603–1727. London: Routledge.
- Liedtke, R., & Wendehorst, S. (Eds.). (1999). The emancipation of Catholics, Jews and Protestants: Minorities and the nation state in nineteenth-century Europe. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Lloyd, D. (2011). Irish culture and colonial modernity 1800–2000: The transformation of oral space. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- MacCulloch, D. (2003). Reformation: Europe’s house divided 1490–1700. London: Allen Lane.
- MacDonald, M. (1986). Children of wrath: Political violence in Northern Ireland. Cambridge: Polity.
- McBride, I. (2009). Eighteenth century Ireland: The isles of slaves. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
- McDonough, T. (Ed.). (2005). Was Ireland a colony? Economics, politics and culture in nineteenth-century Ireland. Dublin: Irish Academic Press.
- Mcgarry, J., & O’Leary, B. (1995). Explaining Northern Ireland: Broken images. London: John Wiley.
- McGrattan, C. (2010). Explaining Northern Ireland? The limitations of the ethnic conflict model. National Identities, 12(2), 181–197.
- McLeod, H. (1986). Building the ‘Catholic ghetto’: Catholic organisations 1870–1914. Studies in Church History, 23, 411–444.
- McLeod, H. (1995). European religion in the age of great cities: 1830–1930. London: Routledge.
- Mcleod, H. (1997). Religion and the people of Western Europe 1789-1989. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- McLeod, H. (2000). Religion and the people of Western Europe 1789–1989. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Merriman, J C. (1991). The margins of city life: Explorations on the French urban frontier, 1815–1851. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Mitchell, C. (2006). Religion, identity and politics in Northern Ireland: Boundaries of belonging and belief. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Montaño, J. P. (2011). The roots of English colonialism in Ireland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Morgan, H. (1991/92). Mid-Atlantic blues. The Irish Review, 11, 50–55.
- Mulholland, M. (2000). Northern Ireland at the crossroads: Ulster unionism in the O'Neill years, 1960–9. London: Palgrave MacMillan.
- Murdock, G. (2017). Geographies of the Protestant Reformation. In U. Rublack (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of the Oxford Reformations (pp. 105–123). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Murphy, N. (2019). The Tudor occupation of Boulogne: Conquest, colonization and imperial monarchy, 1544–1550. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Nelsen, B., Guth, J., & Fraser, C. R. (2001). Does religion matter? Christianity and public support for the European Union. European Union Politics, 2(2), 191–217.
- Nelson, B. (2012). Irish nationalists and the making of the Irish race. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Nockles, P., & Westbrook, V. (Eds.). (2014). Reinventing the Reformation in the nineteenth century: A cultural history. Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, xc, 1.
- Nuttall, D. (2020). Different but the same: A folk history of the Protestants of independent Ireland. Dublin: Eastwood Books.
- Ó Corráin, D. (2018). Catholicism in Ireland, 1880-2015: Rise, ascendancy and retreat. In T. Bartlett (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Ireland, Volume 4, 1880 to the Present (pp. 726–764). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Ó Gráda, C. (1995). Ireland: A new economic history 1780–1939. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Ohlmeyer, J. (2004). A laboratory for empire? Early modern Ireland and English imperialism. In K. Kenny (Ed.), Ireland and the British empire (pp. 26–60). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- O’Leary, B. (2019). A treatise on Northern Ireland, volume I: Colonialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Palaver, W., Rudolph, H., & Regensburger, D. (Eds.). (2016). The European wars of religion: An interdisciplinary reassessment of sources, interpretations, and myths. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Pettegree, A. (Ed.). (2000). The Reformation World. London: Routledge.
- Pettegree, A. (2005). Reformation and the culture of persuasion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Pew Research Centre. (2017). Five centuries after Reformation, Catholic-Protestant divide in Western Europe has faded. Retrieved from https://www.pewforum.org/2017/08/31/five-centuries-after-reformation-catholic-protestant-divide-in-western-europe-has-faded
- Pilbeam, P. (2000). From orders to classes: European society in the nineteenth century Europe. In T. C. Blanning (Ed.), The Oxford history of modern Europe (pp. 101–125). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Prince, S. (2018). Against ethnicity: Democracy, equality, and the Northern Irish conflict. Journal of British Studies, 57(4), 783–811.
- Rafferty, O. (2008). The Catholic Church and the Protestant state: Nineteenth-century Irish realities. Dublin: Four Courts.
- Randall, C. (1999). Building codes: The aesthetics of Calvinism in early modern France. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
- Roy, O. (2019). Is Europe Christian? London: Hurst.
- Ruane, J. (2012). Ireland’s ethno-religious conflicts: Path dependence and its legacies. In P. J. Duffy & W. Nolan (Eds.), At the anvil: Essays in honour of William J. Smyth (pp. 631–652). Dublin: Irish Geography Publications.
- Ruane, J. (2014a). Comparing Protestant–Catholic conflict in France and Ireland: The significance of the ethnic and colonial dimension. In J. Wolffe (Ed.), Irish religious conflict in comparative perspective (pp. 146–165). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ruane, J. (2014b). After conflict: Protestant identity in the Gard today. In P. Benedict, H. Daussy, & P. Léchot (Dir.), L’identité huguenote. Faire mémoire et écrire l’histoire (XVIe–XXIe siècle) (pp. 591–610). Paris: Droz.
- Ruane, J. (2019). Ireland’s mysterious minority: A French-Irish comparison. In I. D’Alton & I. Milne (Eds.), Protestant and Irish: The minority’s search for place in independent Ireland (pp. 283–302). Cork: Cork University Press.
- Ruane, J., & Butler, D. (2007). Southern Irish Protestants: An example of de-ethnicisation? Nations and Nationalism, 13(4), 619–635.
- Rublack, U. (Ed.). (2017). The Oxford handbook of the Oxford Reformations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Ryrie, A. (Ed.). (2006). The European Reformations. London: Palgrave.
- Safley, T. M. (Ed.). (2011). A companion to multiconfessionalism in the early modern world. Leiden: Brill.
- Schmitt, A. P. (1992). Mulhouse au XIXème siècle. La montée du catholicisme. Strasbourg: Coprur.
- Scribner, B. (1978). Reformation, carnival and the world turned upside-down. Social History, 3(3), 303–329.
- Scribner, B., Porter, R., & Teich, M. (Eds.). (1994). The Reformation in national context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Smyth, W. J. (2006). Map-making, landscapes and memory: A geography of colonial and early modern Ireland, c.1530–1750. Cork: Cork University Press.
- Sperber, J. (1984). Popular Catholicism in nineteenth century Germany. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Steinhoff, A. (2008). The gods of the city: Protestantism and religious culture in Strasbourg, 1870–1914. Leiden: Brill.
- Swanson, R. N. (2000). The pre-reformation church. In A. Pettegree (Ed.), The reformation world (pp. 9–30). London: Routledge.
- Terpstra, N. (2015). Religious refugees in the early modern world: An alternative history of the reformation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Todd, J. (2014). Social structure and religious division: Comparing the form of religious distinction in the two Irish states. In J. Wolffe (Ed.), Irish religious conflict in comparative perspective (pp. 42–58). London: Palgrave MacMillan.
- Tournier, D. (2010). La construction des deux Saint-Etienne. Revue d’Alsace, 136, 71–99.
- Tulchin, A. (2012). Massacres during the French wars of religion. Past and Present, 7, 100–126.
- Van Molle, L. (Ed.). (2017). Charity and social welfare: The dynamics of religious reform in Northern Europe, 1780-1920. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
- Wahl, A. (2004). Petites haines ordinaires: histoire des conflits entre catholiques et protestants en alsace. Strasbourg: La Nuée Bleue.
- Walker, B. (2012). A history of the two Irelands: From partition to peace. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Walker, M. (1993). The Salzburg transaction: Expulsion and redemption in eighteenth-century Germany. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
- Walsham, A. (2012). The reformation of the landscape: Religion, identity, and memory in early modern Britain and Ireland. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Wandel, L. P. (1994). Voracious idols and violent hands: Iconoclasm in Reformation Zurich, Strasbourg, and Basel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Werner, Y., & Harvard, J. (Eds.). (2013). European anti-Catholicism in a comparative and trans-national perspective. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
- Whelan, K. (2018). Religion, landscape and settlement in Ireland. Dublin: Four Courts.
- Whelan, K., & Power, T. (Eds.). (1990). Endurance and emergence: Catholics in Ireland in the eighteenth century. Dublin: Irish Academic Press.
- Wolffe, J. (Ed.). (2013). Protestant-Catholic conflict from the reformation to the 21st century: The dynamics of religious difference. London: Palgrave.
- Wright, F. (1987). Northern Ireland: A comparative analysis. Dublin: Gill and MacMillan.
- Wright, F. (1996). Two lands on one soil: Ulster politics before home rule. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.