1,623
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Affective factors in Korean as a Foreign Language: anxiety and beliefs

Pages 182-195 | Received 13 Jun 2013, Accepted 17 Apr 2014, Published online: 23 May 2014

References

  • ACTFL proficiency guideline. (2012). American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. Retrieved from http://www.actfl.org/publications/guidelines-and-manuals/actfl-proficiency-guidelines-2012
  • Aida, Y. (1994). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese. Modern Language Journal, 78(2), 155–168. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.1994.tb02026.x
  • Alexander, P., & Murphy, P. (1999). Learning and individual differences: Process, trait, and control determinants. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Bae, J. (2005). A study on framing a lecture on ‘Korean culture through the Korean language’ for foreign students. The Review of Korean Studies, 8(1), 179–196.
  • Baker, S. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2000). The role of gender and immersion language orientations. Language Learning, 50(2), 311–341. doi: 10.1111/0023-8333.00119
  • Bates, E., Dale, P., & Thai, D. (1995). Individual differences and their implications for theories of language development. In P. Fletcher & B. McWhinney (Eds.), The handbook of child language (pp. 95–151). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Brown, L. (2013). Teaching ‘casual’ and/or ‘impolite’ language through multimedia: The case of non-honorific panmal speech styles in Korean. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 26(1), 1–18. doi: 10.1080/07908318.2012.745551
  • Byon, A. S. (2008). Korean as a foreign language in the USA: The instructional settings. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 21(3), 244–255. doi: 10.1080/07908310802385915
  • Casado, M., & Dereshiwsy, M. (2001). Foreign language anxiety of university students. College Student Journal, 35(4), 539–549.
  • Cheng, Y. (2002). Factors associated with foreign language writing anxiety. Foreign Language Annals, 35, 647–656. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-9720.2002.tb01903.x
  • Cheng, Y., Horwitz, E. K., & Schallert, D. (1999). Language anxiety: Differentiating writing and speaking components. Language Learning, 49, 417–446. doi: 10.1111/0023-8333.00095
  • Cooper, C. (2002). Individual differences (2nd ed.). London: Arnold.
  • Cornwell, S., & Robinson, P. (Eds.). (2000). Individual differences in foreign language learning: Effects of aptitude, intelligence and motivation. Tokyo: Aoyama Gakuin University.
  • Daly, J. A., & Miller, M. D. (1975). The empirical development of an instrument to measure writing apprehension. Research in Teaching of English, 9, 242–249.
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2005). The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Ehrman, M. E., Leaver, B. L., & Oxford, R. (2003). A brief overview of individual differences in second language learning. System, 31, 313–330. doi: 10.1016/S0346-251X(03)00045-9
  • Ekström, A. (2013). Foreign language communication anxiety in correlation to the sociolinguistic variables gender, age, performance and multilingual competence: A linguistic pilot study of Swedish students’ attitudes. University essay from Södertörns högskola/Lärarutbildningen. Retrieved from http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:628075/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  • Elkhafaifi, H. (2005). Listening comprehension and anxiety in the Arabic language classroom. Modern Language Journal, 89(2), 206–220. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2005.00275.x
  • Ewald, J. D. (2007). Foreign language learning anxiety in upper-level classes: Involving students as researchers. Foreign Language Annals, 40, 122–142. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-9720.2007.tb02857.x
  • Frantzen, D., & Magnan, S. S. (2005). Anxiety and the true beginner-false beginner dynamic in beginning French and Spanish classes. Foreign Language Annals, 38, 171–190. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-9720.2005.tb02483.x
  • Gardner, R. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (1993). A student's contributions to second language learning. Part II: Affective variables. Language Teaching, 26, 1–11. doi: 10.1017/S0261444800000045
  • Horwitz, E. K. (1986). Preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of a foreign language anxiety scale. TESOL Quarterly, 20, 559–562. doi: 10.2307/3586302
  • Horwitz, E. K. (1987). Surveying student beliefs about language learning. In A. L. Wenden & J. Robin (Eds.), Learner strategies in language learning (pp. 119–132). London: Prentice Hall.
  • Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 70, 125–132. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.1986.tb05256.x
  • Hu, H. (2010). Relationship between EFL college students’ beliefs about language learning and language proficiency (Unpublished master's thesis). Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Jee, M. J. (2012). Effects of language anxiety on three levels of classes of Korean as a foreign language. Journal of Korean Language Education, 23(2), 467–487.
  • Jee, M. J. (2013). Beliefs about language learning: A study of American university students learning Korean. Language Research, 49(2), 399–418.
  • Johns, J. F. (2004). A cultural context for language anxiety. English Australia Journal, 21(2), 30–39.
  • Khaldieh, S. A. (2000). Learning strategies and writing processes of proficient vs. less-proficient learners of Arabic. Foreign Language Annals, 33, 522–534. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-9720.2000.tb01996.x
  • Kim, S. Y. (2010). Korean heritage learners’ affect and performance. Studies in Foreign Language Education, 24(1), 243–267.
  • Kim, Y. J., Nam, S. E., & Kwon, Y. J. (2010). The effect of foreign language anxiety and classroom climate on learning achievement: Focusing on Korean language learners. The Academy for Korean Language Education, 85, 381–402.
  • Kitano, K. (2001). Anxiety in the college Japanese language class. Modern Language Journal, 85, 549–566. doi: 10.1111/0026-7902.00125
  • Kojima, E. (2007). Factors associated with second language anxiety in adolescents from different cultural backgrounds (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
  • Kwon, Y. J., & Kim, Y. J. (2011). The influence of foreign language anxiety and risk-taking on the achievement in Korean language learners. Bilingual Research, 45, 27–49.
  • Li, C. (2011). Chinese high school graduates’ beliefs about English learning. Studies in Literature and Language, 3(2), 11–18.
  • Little, D., Singleton, D., & Silvius, W. (1984). Learning second languages in Ireland: Experience, attitudes and needs. Dublin: Trinity College, Center for Language and Communication Studies.
  • Liu, M. (2006). Anxiety in Chinese EFL students at different proficiency levels. System, 34(3), 301–316. doi: 10.1016/j.system.2006.04.004
  • MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S. C., Clément, R., & Donovan, L. A. (2002). Sex and age effects on willingness to communicate, anxiety, perceived competence, and L2 motivation among junior high school French immersion students. Language Learning, 52(3), 537–564. doi: 10.1111/1467-9922.00194
  • Marcos-Llinas, M., & Garau, M. J. (2009). Effects of language anxiety on three proficiency level courses of Spanish as a foreign language. Foreign Language Annals, 42(1), 94–111. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-9720.2009.01010.x
  • Mazer, J. P., Murphy, R. E., & Simonds, C. J. (2007). I'll see you on ‘Facebook’: The effects of computer-mediated teacher self-disclosure on student motivation, affective learning, and classroom climate. Communication Education, 56(1), 1–17. doi: 10.1080/03634520601009710
  • Mori, Y. (1999). Epistemological beliefs and language learning beliefs: What do language learners believe about their learning? Language Learning, 29, 377–415. doi: 10.1111/0023-8333.00094
  • Pappamihiel, N. E. (2001). Moving from the ESL classroom into the mainstream: An investigation of English language anxiety in Mexican girls. Bilingual Research Journal, 25(1 & 2), 31–38. doi: 10.1080/15235882.2001.10162783
  • Park, G. (1995). Language learning strategies and beliefs about language learning of university students learning English in Korea (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The University of Texas, Austin, TX.
  • Richardson, V. (1996). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula, T. J. Buttery, & E. Guyton (Eds.), Handbook of research on teacher education (pp. 102–119). New York: Macmillan.
  • Saito, Y., Horwitz, E., & Garza, J. (1999). Foreign language reading anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 83, 202–218. doi: 10.1111/0026-7902.00016
  • Saito, Y., & Samimy, K. (1996). Foreign language anxiety and language performance: A study of learner anxiety in beginning, intermediate, and advanced-level college students of Japanese. Foreign Language Annals, 29(2), 239–249. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-9720.1996.tb02330.x
  • Samimy, K., & Tabuse, M. (1992). Affective variables and a less commonly taught language: A study in beginning Japanese classes. Language Learning, 42, 377–398. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01341.x
  • Scovel, T. (1978). The effect of affect on foreign language learning: A review of the anxiety research. Language Learning, 28, 129–142. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1978.tb00309.x
  • Shin, H. S. (2009). Korean language education in the world: Programs and textbooks. The Research on Korean Language and Literature, 53, 5–70.
  • Silva, D. (2007). Issues in Korean language teaching in the United States: Recent facts and figures. Korean Languages in America, 12, 106–125.
  • Skehan, P. (1991). Individual differences in second language learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 13, 275–298. doi: 10.1017/S0272263100009979
  • Spielmann, G., & Radnofsky, M. (2001). Learning language under tension: New directions from a qualitative study. Modern Language Journal, 8, 259–278. doi: 10.1111/0026-7902.00108
  • Suleiman, Y. (1991). Affective and personality factors in learning Arabic as a foreign language: A case study. Al-Arabiyya, 24, 83–110.
  • Tabuse, M. (1992). The effects of learner variables, pacing, and types of adjunct questions in computer-assisted reading practice on a recall measure of reading comprehension in intermediated college Japanese (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
  • Tanaka, K., & Ellis, R. (2003). Study-abroad, language proficiency and learner beliefs about language learning. JALT Journal, 25(1), 63–85.
  • Truitt, S. N. (1995). Anxiety and beliefs about language learning: A study of Korean university students learning English (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The University of Texas, Austin, TX.
  • Trylong, V. L. (1987). Aptitude, attitudes, and anxiety: A study of their relationships to achievement in the foreign language classroom (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
  • Wu, C. O. (1994). Communication apprehension, anxiety, and achievement: A study of university students of English in Taiwan (Unpublished master's thesis). The University of Texas, Austin, TX.
  • Ying, H. H. (1993). The effects of anxiety on English learning of the senior high school students in Taiwan (Unpublished master's thesis). National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan.
  • Young, D. J. (1986). The relationship between anxiety and foreign language oral proficiency ratings. Foreign Language Annals, 19, 439–445. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-9720.1986.tb01032.x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.