Comparative study of effectiveness of augmentation with ECT in clozapine resistant schizophrenia (CRS) and non-clozapine resistant schizophrenia (Non-CRS)

References

• Kellner CH, Fink M, Knapp R, et al. Relief of expressed suicidal intent by ECT: a consortium for research in ECT study. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(5):977–982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pagnin D, de Queiroz V, Pini S, et al. Efficacy of ECT in depression: a meta-analytic review. J Ect. 2004;4:155–162.
   Google Scholar
• Pompili M, Lester D, Dominici G, et al. Indications for electroconvulsive treatment in schizophrenia: a systematic review. Schizophr Res. 2013;146(1–3):1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanghani SN, Petrides G, Kellner CH. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in schizophrenia: a review of recent literature. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2018;31(3):213–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waite J, Easton A. The ECT handbook. RCPsych Publications; Cambridge University Press, London, 2013; p. 288.
   Google Scholar
• Cerletti U. Old and new information about electroshock. Am J Psychiatry. 1950;107(2):87–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott A. The ECT handbook: the third report of the royal college of psychiatrists’ special committee of ECT. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists [Champaign, Ill.] : Distributed in North America by Balogh International, ©2005.
   Google Scholar
• Lehman AF, Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, second edition. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(2 Suppl):1–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover S, Chakrabarti S, Kulhara P, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for management of schizophrenia. Indian J Psychiatry. 2017;59(Suppl 1):S19–S33.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leiknes KA, Jarosh-von Schweder L, Høie B. Contemporary use and practice of electroconvulsive therapy worldwide. Brain Behav. 2012;2(3):283–344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang Y, Ungvari GS, Correll CU, et al. Use of electroconvulsive therapy for Asian patients with schizophrenia (2001–2009). Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2015;69(8):489–496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tharyan P, Adams CE. Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005:CD000076.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grover S, Hazari N, Chakrabarti S, et al. Augmentation of clozapine With ECT: observations from India. Am J Psychiatry. 2015;172(5):487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lally J, Tully J, Robertson D, et al. Augmentation of clozapine with electroconvulsive therapy in treatment resistant schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr Res. 2016;171(1–3):215–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrides G, Malur C, Braga RJ, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy augmentation in clozapine-resistant schizophrenia: a prospective, randomized study. Am J Psychiatry. 2015;172(1):52–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed S, Khan AM, Mekala HM, et al. Combined use of electroconvulsive therapy and antipsychotics (both clozapine and non-clozapine) in treatment resistant schizophrenia: A comparative meta-analysis. Heliyon. 2017;3(11):e00429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover S, Avasthi A, Sinha V, et al. Indian Psychiatric Society multicentric study: prescription patterns of psychotropics in India. Indian J Psychiatry. 2014;56(3):253–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(2):261–276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Yazaji M, Battas O, Agoub M, et al. Validity of the depressive dimension extracted from principal component analysis of the PANSS in drug-free patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2002;56(1–2):121–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baran X, Docherty J. The A-effect of aripiprazole. Presented at the American Psychiatric Association meeting. Washington, May 3–8, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Howes OD, McCutcheon R, Agid O, et al. Treatment-resistant schizophrenia: treatment response and resistance in psychosis (TRRIP) working group consensus guidelines on diagnosis and terminology. Am J Psychiatry. 2017;174(3):216–229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiker TS, Gjestad R, Mellesdal LS, et al. Supported accommodation for people with schizophrenia. Nord J Psychiatry. 2019;73(4–5):211–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rund BR. A review of factors associated with severe violence in schizophrenia. Nord J Psychiatry. 2018;72(8):561–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover S, Sahoo S, Rabha A, et al. ECT in schizophrenia: a review of the evidence. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2019;31(3):115–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Painuly N, Chakrabarti S. Combined use of electroconvulsive therapy and antipsychotics in schizophrenia: the Indian evidence. A review and a meta-analysis. J Ect. 2006;22:59–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang W, Pu C, Jiang J, et al. Efficacy and safety of treating patients with refractory schizophrenia with antipsychotic medication and adjunctive electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry. 2015;27(4):206–219.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zheng W, Cao X-L, Ungvari GS, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy added to non-clozapine antipsychotic medication for treatment resistant schizophrenia: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0156510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover S, Hazari N, Kate N. Combined use of clozapine and ECT: a review. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2015;27(3):131–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover S, Chakrabarti S, Hazari N, et al. Effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia: a retrospective study. Psychiatry Res. 2017;249:349–353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kho KH, Blansjaar BA, de Vries S, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of clozapine nonresponders suffering from schizophrenia-an open label study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;254(6):372–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawełczyk T, Kołodziej-Kowalska E, Pawełczyk A, et al. Effectiveness and clinical predictors of response to combined ECT and antipsychotic therapy in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and dominant negative symptoms. Psychiatry Res. 2014;220(1–2):175–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Leon J, Rajkumar AP, Kaithi AR, et al. Do Asian patients require only half of the clozapine dose prescribed for caucasians? A critical overview. Indian J Psychol Med. 2020;42(1):4–10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flamarique I, Castro-Fornieles J, Garrido JMM, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy and clozapine in adolescents with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: is it a safe and effective combination. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012;32(6):756–766.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar