Can processes make relationships work? The Triple Helix between structure and action

References

• Annala, K. and Ylä-Jääski, J. (2011) Strategy, Excellence, Centres? The Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation (SHOKs) CLEEN, FIMECC, Forest Cluster and TIVIT from the Company Perspective, Federation of Finnish Technology Industries, Helsinki.
   Google Scholar
• Anstett, E. and Lamari, M. (2013) ‘Cost–benefit analysis of Triple Helix technology transfer programs in Canada: what counts and what can be counted?’, paper presented at the 11th International Triple Helix conference, Bringing Businesses, Universities and Governments Together, July 2013, London.
   Google Scholar
• Arthur, D. and Moizer, J. (2013) ‘Systems modelling of the UK industrial strategy: the contribution of regional higher education institutions to wealth creation’, paper presented at the 11th International Triple Helix conference, Bringing Businesses, Universities and Governments Together, July 2013, London.
   Google Scholar
• Capra, F. (2003) The Hidden Connections: A Science for Sustainable Living, HarperCollins, London.
   Google Scholar
• Carayannis, E. and Campbell, D. (2009) ‘“Mode 3” and “Quadruple helix”: toward a 21st century fractal innovation ecosystem’, International Journal of Technology Management, 36, pp.201–34.
   Google Scholar
• Checkland, B. (1981) Systems Thinking, Systems Practice, Wiley, Chichester.
   Google Scholar
• Checkland, P.B. (1985) ‘From optimizing to learning: a development of systems thinking for the 1990s’, Journal of the Operational Research Society, 36, 9, pp.757–767.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Checkland, P. and Casar, A. (1986) ‘Vickers’ concept of an appreciative system: a systemic account’, Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, 13, pp.3–7.
   Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H. (2003) ‘Innovation in innovation: the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations’, Social Science Information, 42, pp.293–337.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H. (2008) The Triple Helix: University–Industry–Government. Innovation in Action, Routledge, London.
   Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H. and Leydesdorff, L. (1995) ‘The Triple Helix university-industry-government relations: a laboratory for knowledge-based economic development’, EASST Review, 14, pp.14–19.
   Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H. and Leydesdorff, L. (1998) ‘The Triple Helix as a model for innovation studies’, Science & Public Policy, 25, pp.195–203.
   Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H. and Leydesdorff, L. (2000) ‘The dynamics of innovation: from national systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations’, Research Policy, 29, pp.109–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H. and Ranga, M. (2009) ‘A trans-Keynesian vision of innovation for the contemporary economic crisis: “picking winners” revisited’, Science and Public Policy, 36, 10, pp.799–808.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H., Webster, A., Gebhardt, C. and Cantisano Terra, B. (2000) ‘The future of the university and the university of the future: evolution of ivory tower to entrepreneurial paradigm’, Research Policy, 29, pp.313–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H. (2003) ‘Research groups as “quasi-firms”: the invention of the entrepreneurial university’, Research Policy, 32, pp.109–121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman, C. (1987) Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan, Pinter, London.
   Google Scholar
• Grant, K., Hackney, R. and Edgar, D. (2014) ‘Postgraduate research supervision: an “agreed” conceptual view of good practice through derived metaphors’, International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 9, pp.43–60.
   Google Scholar
• Grant, K. and Wakelin, S. (2009) ‘Reconceptualising the nexes: a survey of twelve Scottish IS/IM academics’ perceptions of a nexus between teaching, research, scholarship and consultancy’, Teaching in Higher Education, 14, pp.133–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guba, E.G. and Lincoln, Y.S. (1994) ‘Competing paradigms in qualitative research’ in Denzin, N. K. and Lincoln, Y.S. (eds.) Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage, Thousand Oaks CA, pp.105–117.
   Google Scholar
• Gustafsson, R. and Järvenpää, S. (2011) ‘Organizing for competition and collaboration in an innovation network: the case of the Finnish metals and engineering competence cluster’, paper presented at the 9th Triple Helix Conference, July 2011, Stanford University.
   Google Scholar
• Hackney, R., Grant, K. and Birtwistle, G. (2006) ‘The UK grocery business: towards a sustainable model for virtual markets’, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 34, pp.354–68.
   Google Scholar
• Hardee, K., Feranil, I., Boezwinkle, J. and Clark, B. (2004) The Policy Circle: A Framework for Analysing the Components of Family Planning, Reproductive Health, Maternal Health, and HIV/AIDS Policies, US Agency for International Development (USAID), available from http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnacy528.pdf [accessed April 2014].
   Google Scholar
• House of Commons (2013) Bridging the Valley of Death: Improving the Commercialisation of Research, House of Commons Science and Technology Committee, London, March.
   Google Scholar
• Howells, J. and Edler, J. (2011) ‘Structural innovations: towards a unified perspective?’, Science & Public Policy, 38, pp.157–67.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kavlie, D. (2010) ‘The Centres for Research-based Innovation Scheme (SFI)’, seminar presentation, Research Council of Norway, Oslo.
   Google Scholar
• Kavlie, D. and Sleeckx, E. (2011) Report on Monitoring and Evaluation of Competence Research Centres (CRC), Research Council of Norway, Oslo.
   Google Scholar
• Kuusi, O. and Meyer, M. (2002) ‘Technological generalizations and leitbilder – the anticipation of technological opportunities’, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 69, pp.625–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lähteenmäki-Smith, K., Halme, K., Lemola, T., Piirainen, K., Viljamaa, K., Haila, K., Kotiranta, A., Hjelt, M., Raivio, T., Polt, W., Dinges, M., Ploder, M., Meyer, S., Luukkonen, T. and Geroghiou, L. (2013) ‘License to SHOK?’ External Evaluation of the Strategic Centres of Excellence for Science Technology and Innovation, Ministry of Employment and the Economy, Helsinki.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, H. (1960) To Kill a Mockingbird, J. B, Lippincott, Philadelphia.
   Google Scholar
• Leydesdorff, L. and Meyer, M. (2010) ‘The decline of university patenting and the end of the Bayh-Dole effect’, Scientometrics, 83, pp.355–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mead, G. (1934) Mind, Self and Society, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
   Google Scholar
• Meyer M., Kuusisto J. and Grant, K. (2014) ‘Creating user driven research and innovation environments: towards hybrid Triple Helix organisations?’ R&D Management, in press.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, R. (ed.) (1993) National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Study, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Orlikowski, W.J. and Baroudi, J.J. (1991) ‘Studying information technology in organizations: research approaches and assumptions’, Information Systems Research, 2, pp.1–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Performance Management Network (2012) Evaluation of the Business-led Networks of Centres of Excellence (BL-NCE) Program, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Ottawa.
   Google Scholar
• Rescher, N. (1995) Process Metaphysics, University of New York Press, Albany.
   Google Scholar
• Rescher, N. (2001) Process Philosophy: A Survey of Basic Issues, University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh.
   Google Scholar
• Rip, A. (2011) ‘The future of research universities’, Prometheus, 29, pp.443–53.
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Clare, A. (1996) ‘Multinationals, linkages, and economic development’, American Economic Review, 86, pp.852–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saad, M. and Zawdie, G. (2008) ‘Triple Helix in developing countries – issues and challenges’, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 20, 6, pp.649–52.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwandt, T.A. (2001) Dictionary of Qualitative Inquiry, 2nd edn, Sage, London.
   Google Scholar
• Stacey, R. (1996) Complexity and Creativity in Organisations, Brerrett-Koehler, Oakland.
   Google Scholar
• Stacey, R. (2005) Experiencing Emergence in Organisations: Local Interaction and the Emergence of Global Patterns, Routledge, Abingdon.
   Google Scholar
• Stokes, D. (1997) Pasteur’s Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation, Brookings Institution Press, Washington DC.
   Google Scholar
• Vickers, G. (1965) The Art of Judgement: A Study of Policy Making, Chapman and Hall, London.
   Google Scholar
• Whitley, R. (1992) Societies, Firms and Markets: The Social Structuring of Business Systems, Sage, London.
   Google Scholar
• Zulkifli, A. (2009) ‘Business-led Networks of Centres of Excellence’, presentation to the Trade Commission, Embassy of Canada, Oslo.
   Google Scholar