Lithostratigraphy of the late Early Permian (Kungurian) Wandrawandian Siltstone, New South Wales: record of glaciation?

References

• Arditto , P. A. 2001 . “ Distribution and hydrocarbon potential of the Permian Nowra Sandstone, southern Sydney Basin, New South Wales, Australia ” . In Eastern Australasian Basins Symposium: a Refocused Energy Perspective for the Future , Edited by: Hill , K. C. and Bernecker , T. 239 – 249 . Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia Special Publication .
   Google Scholar
• Bann , K. L. 1998 . “ Ichnology and sequence stratigraphy of the Early Permian Pebbley Beach Formation and Snapper Point Formation in the southern Sydney Basin ” . Wollongong : University of Wollongong . PhD thesis (unpubl.)
   Google Scholar
• Bann , K. L. , Fielding , C. R. , MacEachern , J. A. and Tye , S. C. 2004 . “ Differentiation of estuarine and offshore marine deposits using integrated ichnology and sedimentology: Permian Pebbley Beach Formation, Sydney Basin Australia ” . In Application of Ichnology to Palaeoenvironmental and Stratigraphic Analysis Edited by: McIlroy , D. 179 – 212 . Geological Society of London Special Publication 228
   Google Scholar
• Battersby , D. G. 1981 . New discoveries in the Surat/Bowen Basin . APEA Journal , 21 : 39 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Briggs , D. J. C. 1998 . Permian Productidina and Strophalosiidina from the Sydney – Bowen Basin and New England Orogen; systematics and biostratigraphic significance . Australasian Association of Palaeontologists Memoir , 19
   Google Scholar
• Bromley , R. G. 1996 . Trace Fossils: Biology, Taphonomy, and Applications , (2nd edition) , London : Chapman & Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , I. A. 1925 . Notes on the occurrence of glendonites and glacial erratics in Upper Marine Beds at Ulladulla, NSW . Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales , 50 : 25 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Cant , D. J. and Stockmal , G. S. 1993 . “ Some controls on sedimentary sequences in foreland basins: examples from the Alberta Basin ” . In Tectonic Controls and Signatures in Sedimentary Successions , Edited by: Frostick , L. E. 49 – 65 . Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Carr , P. F. 1998 . Subduction-related Late Permian shoshonites of the Sydney Basin, Australia . Mineralogy and Petrology , 63 : 49 – 71 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr , P. F. , Jones , B. G. and Middleton , R. B. 1989 . Precursor and formation of glendonites in the Sydney Basin . Australian Mineralogist , 4 : 3 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Crowell , J. C. 1999 . Pre-Mesozoic ice ages: their bearing on understanding the climate system . Geological Society of America Memoir , 192
   Google Scholar
• David , T. W. E. , Taylor , T. G. , Woolnough , W. G. and Foxall , N. G. 1905 . Occurrence of the pseudomorph glendonite in New South Wales, with notes on the microscopic and crystallographic characters . Geological Survey of New South Wales Records , 8 : 161 – 179 .
   Google Scholar
• Eyles , C. H. , Eyles , N. and Gostin , V. A. 1998 . Facies and allostratigraphy of high-latitude, glacially influenced marine strata of the Early Permian southern Sydney Basin, Australia . Sedimentology , 45 : 121 – 161 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyles , N. , Eyles , C. H. and Gostin , V. A. 1997 . Iceberg rafting and scouring in the Early Permian Shoalhaven Group of New South Wales, Australia: evidence of Heinrich-like events? . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 136 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fielding , C. R. , Bann , K. L. , MacEachern , J. A. , Tye , S. C. and Jones , B. G. 2006 . Cyclicity in the nearshore marine to coastal Lower Permian Pebbley Beach Formation, southern Sydney Basin, Australia: a record of relative sea-level fluctuations at the close of the Late Palaeozoic Gondwanan Ice Age . Sedimentology , 53 : 435 – 463 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fielding , C. R. , Falkner , A. J. , Kassan , J. and Draper , J. J. Permian and Triassic depositional systems in the Bowen Basin . Bowen Basin Symposium Proceedings . pp. 21 – 25 . Brisbane : Geological Society of Australia, Queensland Division .
   Google Scholar
• Fielding , C. R. , Sliwa , R. , Holcombe , R. J. and Jones , A. T. 2001 . “ A new palaeogeographic synthesis for the Bowen, Gunnedah, and Sydney basins of Eastern Australia ” . In Eastern Australasian Basins Symposium: a Refocused Energy Perspective for the Future , Edited by: Hill , K. C. and Bernecker , T. 269 – 278 . Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia Special Publication .
   Google Scholar
• Fielding , C. R. , Stephens , C. J. and Holcombe , R. J. 1997 . Submarine mass-wasting deposits as an indicator of the onset of foreland thrust loading—Late Permian Bowen Basin, Queensland, Australia . Terra Nova , 9 : 14 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey , R. W. and Pemberton , S. G. 1984 . “ Trace fossils facies models ” . In Facies Models , (2nd edition) , Edited by: Walker , R. G. 189 – 207 . Toronto : Geoscience Canada .
   Google Scholar
• Galloway , W. E. and Hobday , D. K. 1996 . Terrigenous Clastic Depositional Systems , (2nd edition) , Berlin : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Gostin , V. A. 1968 . “ Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Lower Permian sequence in the Durras – Ulladulla area, Sydney Basin, New South Wales ” . Canberra : Australian National University . PhD thesis (unpubl.)
   Google Scholar
• Gostin , V. A. and Herbert , C. 1973 . Stratigraphy of the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian sequence, southern Sydney Basin . Journal of the Geological Society of Australia , 20 : 49 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Gradstein , F. M. , Ogg , J. G. and Smith , A. G. 2005 . A Geologic Time Scale 2004 , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Herbert , C. 1980 . “ Southwestern Sydney Basin ” . In A Guide to the Sydney Basin Edited by: Herbert , C. and Helby , R. 82 – 99 . Geological Survey of New South Wales Bulletin 26
   Google Scholar
• Isbell , J. L. , Miller , M. F. , Wolfe , K. L. and Lenaker , P. A. 2003 . “ Timing of late Paleozoic glaciation in Gondwana: was glaciation responsible for the development of Northern Hemisphere cyclothems? ” . In Extreme Depositional Environments: Mega End Members in Geologic Time Edited by: Chan , M. A. and Archer , A. W. 5 – 24 . Geological Society of America Special Paper 370
   Google Scholar
• Le Roux , J. P. and Jones , B. G. 1994 . Lithostratigraphy and depositional environment of the Permian Nowra Sandstone in the southwestern Sydney Basin, Australia . Australian Journal of Earth Sciences , 41 : 191 – 203 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe , D. R. 1975 . Water escape structures in coarse-grained sediments . Sedimentology , 22 : 157 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe , D. R. and LoPiccolo , R. D. 1974 . The characteristics and origins of dish and pillar structures . Journal of Sedimentary Petrology , 44 : 484 – 501 .
   Google Scholar
• MacEachern , J. A. , Bechel , D. J. and Pemberton , S. G. 1992a . Ichnology and sedimentology of transgressive deposits, transgressively related deposits and transgressive systems tracts in the Viking Formation of Alberta . Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Core Workshop , 17 : 251 – 290 .
   Google Scholar
• MacEachern , J. A. , Raychaudhuri , I. and Pemberton , S. G. 1992b . Stratigraphic applications of the Glossifungites Ichnofacies: delineating discontinuities in the rock record . Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Core Workshop , 17 : 169 – 198 .
   Google Scholar
• Maslin , M. , Owen , M. , Day , S. and Long , D. 2004 . Linking continental-slope failures and climate change: testing the clathrate gun hypothesis . Geology , 32 : 53 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meigs , A. and Sauber , J. 2000 . Southern Alaska as an example of the long-term consequences of mountain building under the influence of glaciers . Quaternary Science Reviews , 19 : 1543 – 1562 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray , C. G. Tectonic evolution and metallogeny of the Bowen Basin . Bowen Basin Symposium Proceedings . pp. 201 – 212 . Brisbane : Geological Society of Australia, Queensland Division .
   Google Scholar
• Pauly , H. 1963 . Ikaite, a new mineral from Greenland . Arctic , 16 : 263 – 264 .
   Google Scholar
• Pemberton , S. G. , MacEachern , J. A. and Frey , R. W. 1992 . “ Trace fossil facies models: environmental and allostratigraphic significance ” . In Facies Models: Response to Sea Level Change , Edited by: Walker , R. G. and James , N. P. 47 – 72 . Toronto : Geological Association of Canada .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , C. McA. and Li , Z. X. 1994 . “ Reconstruction of the Panthalassan margin of Gondwanaland ” . In Permian – Triassic Pangean Basins and Foldbelts along the Panthalassan Margin of Gondwanaland Edited by: Veevers , J. J. and Powell , C. McA. 5 – 9 . Geological Society of America Special Paper 184
   Google Scholar
• Ramli , N. and Crook , K. A. W. 1978 . Early Permian depositional environments, southern Sydney Basin . APEA Journal , 18 : 70 – 76 .
   Google Scholar
• Reineck , H. E. 1967 . “ Layered sediments of tidal flats, beaches and shelf bottoms of the North Sea ” . In Estuaries Edited by: Lauff , G. H. 191 – 208 . American Association for the Advancement of Science Publication 83
   Google Scholar
• Roberts , J. , Offler , R. and Fanning , M. 2006 . Carboniferous to Lower Permian stratigraphy of the southern Tamworth Belt, southern New England Orogen, Australia: boundary sequences of the Werrie and Rouchel blocks . Australian Journal of Earth Sciences , 53 : 249 – 284 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runnegar , B. 1980 . “ Montague Roadstead, Jervis Bay (Early Permian, Shoalhaven Group) ” . In A Guide to the Sydney Basin Edited by: Herbert , C. and Helby , R. 531 – 537 . Geological Survey of New South Wales Bulletin 26
   Google Scholar
• Savrda , C. E. , Bottjer , D. J. and Gorsline , D. S. 1984 . Development of a comprehensive oxygen-deficient marine biofacies model: evidence from Santa Monica, Sand Pedro, and Santa Barbara Basins, California continental borderland . AAPG Bulletin , 68 : 1179 – 1192 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheibner , E. 1974 . A plate tectonic model of the Palaeozoic tectonic history of New South Wales . Journal of the Geological Society of Australia , 20 : 405 – 426 .
   Google Scholar
• Seilacher , A. 1964 . “ Biogenic sedimentary structures ” . In Approaches to Paleoecology , Edited by: Imbrie , J. and Newell , N. 296 – 316 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Shaw , S. E. , Conaghan , P. J. and Flood , R. H. Late Permian and Triassic igneous activity in the New England Batholith and contemporaneous tephra in the Sydney and Gunnedah Basins . 25th Newcastle Symposium on Advances in the Study of the Sydney Basin . pp. 44 – 51 . Newcastle : Department of Geology, University of Newcastle .
   Google Scholar
• Shi , G. R. and Du , Y. Soft-sediment deformation structures in the Middle Permian Wandrawandian Siltstone, Southern Sydney Basin: implications for depositional environment and basin tectonics . Proceedings of the 35th Symposium on Advances in the Study of the Sydney Basin . pp. 307 – 314 . Wollongong : University of Wollongong .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , J. V. 2000 . Flow pattern within a Permian submarine slump recorded by oblique folds and deformed fossils, Ulladulla, south-eastern Australia . Sedimentology , 47 : 357 – 366 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suess , E. , Balzer , W. , Hesse , K-F. , Muller , P. J. , Ungerer , C. A. and Wefer , G. 1982 . Calcium carbonate hexahydrate from organic rich sediments of the Antarctic shelf: precursors of glendonites . Science , 216 : 1128 – 1131 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , A. M. and Goldring , R. 1993 . Description and analysis of bioturbation and ichnofabric . Journal of the Geological Society of London , 150 : 141 – 148 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twiss , R. J. and Moores , E. M. 1992 . Structural Geology , New York : W. H. Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Tye , S. C. , Fielding , C. R. and Jones , B. G. 1996 . Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Permian Talaterang and Shoalhaven Groups in the southernmost Sydney Basin, New South Wales . Australian Journal of Earth Sciences , 43 : 57 – 69 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Wagoner , J. C. , Posamentier , H. W. , Mitchum , R. M. , Vail , P. R. , Sarg , J. F. , Loutit , T. S. and Hardenbol , J. 1988 . “ An overview of the fundamentals of sequence stratigraphy and key definitions ” . In Sea-Level Changes: an Integrated Approach Edited by: Wilgus , C. K. , Hastings , B. S. , Posamentier , H. W. , Van Wagoner , J. C. , Ross , C. A. and Kendall , C. G. St C. 39 – 45 . Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 42
   Google Scholar
• Veevers , J. J. , Conaghan , P. J. and Powell , C. McA. 1994 . “ Eastern Australia ” . In Permian – Triassic Pangean Basins and Foldbelts along the Panthalassan Margin of Gondwanaland Edited by: Veevers , J. J. and Powell , C. McA. 11 – 171 . Geological Society of America Special Paper 184
   Google Scholar
• Veevers , J. J. and Powell , C. McA. 1987 . Late Paleozoic glacial episodes in Gondwanaland reflected in transgressive – regressive depositional sequences in Euramerica . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 98 : 475 – 487 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar