References
- Davidson AE, Hayes S, Hardcastle AJ, et al. The pathogenesis of keratoconus. Eye. 2013;28:189–195.
- Gomes JAP, Tan D, Rapuano CJ, et al. Global consensus on keratoconus and ectatic diseases. Cornea. 2015;34:359–369.
- Cunningham WJ, Brookes NH, Twohill HC, et al. Trends in the distribution of donor corneal tissue and indications for corneal transplantation: the New Zealand National Eye Bank Study 2000–2009. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012;40:141–147.
- Shetty R, Kaweri L, Pahuja N, et al. Current review and a simplified “five-point management algorithm” for keratoconus. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2015 Jan;63(1):46.
- Ferdi AC, Nguyen V, Gore DM, et al. Keratoconus natural progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 529 eyes. Ophthalmology. 2019 Jul 1;126(7):935–945.
- Giri P, Azar DT. Risk profiles of ectasia after keratorefractive surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2017;28:337–342.
- Bower KS, Woreta F. Update on contraindications for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2014;25:251–257.
- Efe YK, Ugurbas SC, Alpay A, et al. The course of corneal and intraocular pressure changes during pregnancy. Can J Ophthalmol. 2012;47:150–154.
- Goldich Y, Cooper M, Barkana Y, et al. Ocular anterior segment changes in pregnancy. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2014;40:1868–1871.
- Park SB, Lindahl KJ, Temnycky GO, et al. The effect of pregnancy on corneal curvature. CLAO J. 1992;18:256–259.
- Ataş M, Duru N, Ulusoy DM, et al. Evaluation of anterior segment parameters during and after pregnancy. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2014;37:447–450.
- Raiskup F, Spoerl E. Corneal crosslinking with riboflavin and ultraviolet A. Part II. clinical indications and results. Ocul Surf. 2013;11:93–108.
- Craig J, Mahon J, Yellowlees A, et al. Photochemical corneal collagen cross-linkage using riboflavin and ultraviolet A for keratoconus: a systematic review [Internet]. The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals and York Health Economics Consortium External Assessment Centre; 2013 [cited 2020 May 15]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ipg466/resources/photochemical-corneal-collagen-crosslinkage-using-riboflavin-and-ultraviolet-a-for-keratoconus-systematic-review2.
- Sykakis E, Karim R, Evans JR, et al. Corneal collagen cross‐linking for treating keratoconus [Internet]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 [cited 2019 Nov 1]. Available from:: www.cochranelibrary.com
- Beckman KA, Gupta PK, Farid M, et al. Corneal crosslinking: current protocols and clinical approach. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2019;45:1670–1679.
- Wen D, Song B, Li Q, et al. Comparison of epithelium-off versus transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cornea. 2018;37:1018–1024.
- Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169:467–473.
- OCEBM Levels of Evidence Working Group. The Oxford 2011 levels of evidence [Internet]. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine; 2016 [cited 2020 May 17]. Available from: http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=5653.
- Bilgihan K, Hondur A, Sul S, et al. Pregnancy-induced progression of keratoconus. Cornea. 2011;30:991–994.
- Gatzioufas Z, Thanos S. Acute keratoconus induced by hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy. J Endocrinol Invest. 2008;31:262–266.
- Gatzioufas Z, Panos GD, Gkaragkani E, et al. Recurrence of keratoconus after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty following pregnancy. Int J Ophthalmol. 2017;10:1011–1013.
- Glicéria J, Valbon BF, Santos RT, et al. Pregnancy-induced progression of keratoconus in a 37-year-old patient. Int J Keratoconus Ectatic Corneal Dis. 2013 May 1;2(2):84.
- Hoogewoud F, Gatzioufas Z, Hafezi F. Transitory topographical variations in keratoconus during pregnancy. J Refract Surg. 2013;29:144–146.
- Lahoud S, Brownstein S, Laflamme MY, et al. Keratoconus with spontaneous perforation of the cornea. Can J Ophthalmol. 1987;22:230–233.
- Naderan M, Jahanrad A. Topographic, tomographic and biomechanical corneal changes during pregnancy in patients with keratoconus: a cohort study. Acta Ophthalmol. 2017;95:e291–e296.
- Scott DAR, Wilson GA, McKelvie J. Pregnancy associated new-onset progressive keratoconus with horizontally aligned Vogt’s Striae in a 36-year-old female. Int J Keratoconus Ectatic Corneal Dis. 2020. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1183. [Epub ahead of print].
- Soeters N, Tahzib NG, Bakker L, et al. Two cases of keratoconus diagnosed after pregnancy. Optom Vis Sci. 2012;89:112–116.
- Stock RA, Thumé T, Luiz Bonamigo E. Acute corneal hydrops during pregnancy with spontaneous resolution after corneal cross-linking for keratoconus: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2017;11:53.
- Taneja M, Vadavalli PK, Veerwal V, et al. Pregnancy-induced keractesia – a case series with a review of the literature. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020;68:3077–3081.
- Withington JB. Doncaster infirmary: double conical cornea, occurring during pregnancy; excision. Lancet. 1880;115:878.
- Hafezi F, Iseli HP. Pregnancy-related exacerbation of iatrogenic keratectasia despite corneal collagen crosslinking. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34:1219–1221.
- Hafezi F, Koller T, Derhartunian V, et al. Pregnancy may trigger late onset of keratectasia after LASIK. J Refract Surg. 2012;28:242–243.
- Padmanabhan P, Radhakrishnan A, Natarajan R. Pregnancy-triggered iatrogenic (Post-laser in situ keratomileusis) corneal ectasia - a case report. Cornea. 2010;29:569–572.
- Said A, Hamade IH, Tabbara KF, et al. Late onset corneal ectasia after LASIK surgery. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2011;25:225–230.
- Speicher LE, Philipp WE, Gottinger W. Iatrogenic keratoconus after LASIK in pregnancy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42:S496.
- Galvis V, Tello A, Ortiz AI, et al. Patient selection for corneal collagen cross-linking: an updated review. Clin Ophthalmol. 2017;11:657.
- Vinciguerra R, Belin MW, Borgia A, et al. Evaluating keratoconus progression prior to crosslinking: maximum keratometry vs the ABCD grading system. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2021 Jan 1;47(1):33–39.
- Giuffrè G, Di Rosa L, Fiorino F, et al. Variations in central corneal thickness during the menstrual cycle in women. Cornea. 2007;26:144–146.
- Soni PS. Effects of oral contraceptive steroids on the thickness of human cornea. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1980;57:825–834.
- Imafidon CO, Imafidon JE. Contact lens wear in pregnancy. J Br Contact Lens Assoc. 1991;14:75–78.
- Corbett MC, O’Brart DPS, Warburton FG, et al. Biologic and environmental risk factors for regression after photorefractive keratectomy. Ophthalmology. 1996;103:1381–1391.
- O’Doherty MA, O’Doherty JV, O’Keefe M. Outcome of LASIK for myopia in women on hormone replacement therapy. J Refract Surg. 2006;22:350–353.
- Coco G, Kheirkhah A, Foulsham W, et al. Keratoconus progression associated with hormone replacement therapy. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2019;15:100519.
- Fink BA, Sinnott LT, Wagner H, et al. The influence of gender and hormone status on the severity and progression of keratoconus. Cornea. 2010;29:65–72.
- Yuksel E, Yalinbas D, Aydin B, et al. Keratoconus progression induced by in vitro fertilization treatment. J Refract Surg. 2016;32:60–63.
- Torres-Netto EA, Randleman JB, Hafezi NL, et al. Late-onset progression of keratoconus after therapy with selective tissue estrogenic activity regulator. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2019;45:101–104.
- Spoerl E, Zubaty V, Raiskup-Wolf F, et al. Oestrogen-induced changes in biomechanics in the cornea as a possible reason for keratectasia. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007;91:1547–1550.
- Suzuki T, Kinoshita Y, Tachibana M, et al. Expression of sex steroid hormone receptors in human cornea. Curr Eye Res. 2001;22:28–33.
- Unemori EN, Amento EP. Relaxin modulates synthesis and secretion of procollagenase and collagen by human dermal fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1990;265(18):10681–10685.
- Shetty R, D’Souza S, Khamar P, et al. Biochemical markers and alterations in keratoconus. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol. 2020 Nov 1;9(6):533–540.
- Hampel U, Klonisch T, Makrantonaki E, et al. Relaxin 2 is functional at the ocular surface and promotes corneal wound healing. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Nov 1;53(12):7780–7790.
- Hampel U, Holland D, Paulsen FP. Relaxin 2 augments tissue growth factor β effects on keratocytes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Sep 26;57(12):1272.
- Yenerel NM, Küçümen RB. Pregnancy and the eye. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2015;45:213–219.
- Schoenen J, Jacquy J, Lenaerts M. Effectiveness of high-dose riboflavin in migraine prophylaxis: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology. 1998;50:466–470.
- Elsen C, Rivas-Echeverría C, Sahland K, et al. Vitamins E, A and B2 as possible risk factors for preeclampsia–under consideration of the PROPER study (“Prevention of preeclampsia by high-dose riboflavin supplementation”). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2012;72:846–852.
- Ma AG, Schouten EG, Zhang FZ, et al. Retinol and riboflavin supplementation decreases the prevalence of anemia in Chinese pregnant women taking iron and folic acid supplements. J Nutr. 2008;138:1946–1950.
- Salmon HA, Chalk D, Stein K, et al. Cost effectiveness of collagen crosslinking for progressive keratoconus in the UK NHS. Eye. 2015;29:1504–1511.