Female entrepreneurship in patriarchal society: motivation and challenges

References

• Aidis, R., S. Estrin, and T. Mickiewiez. 2008. “Institutions and Entrepreneurship Development in Russia: A Comparative Perspective.” Journal of Business Venturing 23 (1): 656–672.
   Google Scholar
• Aidis, R., F. Welter, D. Smallbone, and N. Isakova. 2007. “Female Entrepreneurship in Transition Economies: The Case of Lithuania and Ukraine.” Feminist Economics 13 (2): 157–183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez, C., D. Urbano, A. Coduras, and J. Ruiz-Navarro. 2011. “Environmental Conditions and Entrepreneurial Activity: A Regional Comparison in Spain.” Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 18 (1): 120–140.
   Google Scholar
• Amit, R., and E. Muller. 1995. “‘Push’ and ‘Pull’ Entrepreneurship.” Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship 12 (4): 64–80.
   Google Scholar
• Asian Development Bank. 2013. Kazakhstan: Country Gender Assessment. Mandaluyong: Asian Development Bank. Accessed 12 March 2016. http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/34051/files/kazakhstan-country-gender-assessment.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Autio, E., and K. Fu. 2015. “Economic and Political Institutions and Entry into Formal and Informal Entrepreneurship.” Asia Pacific Journal of Management 32 (1): 67–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baughn, C., B. L. Chua, and K. Neupert. 2006. “The Normative Context for Women's Participation in Entrepreneurship: A Multi-country Study.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 30 (1): 680–708.
   Google Scholar
• Bazeley, P., and K. Jackson. 2013. Qualitative Data Analysis with Nvivo. 2nd ed. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Belwal, S., R. Belwal, and F. Al Saidi. 2014. “Characteristics, Motivations and Challenges of Female Entrepreneurs in Oman's Al-Dhahira Region.” Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 10 (2): 131–151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benzing, C., H. M. Chu, and O. Kara. 2009. “Entrepreneurs in Turkey: A Factor Analysis of Motivations, Success Factors, and Problems.” Journal of Small Business Management 47 (1): 58–91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blum, D. W. 2016. The Social Process of Globalisation: Return Migration and Cultural Change in Kazakhstan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Braches, B., and C. Elliot. 2017. “Articulating the Entrepreneurship Career: A Study of German Female Entrepreneurs.” International Small Business Journal 35 (5): 535–557.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryman, A., and E. Bell. 2015. Business Research Methods. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bullough, A., M. Sully De Luque, D. Abdelzaher, and W. Heim. 2015. “Developing Women Leaders Through Entrepreneurship Education and Training.” Academy of Management Perspectives 29 (2): 250–270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chant, S. 2016. “Women, Girls and World Poverty: Empowerment, Equality or Essentialism?” International Development Planning Review 38 (1): 1–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das, M. 2000. “Women Entrepreneurs from India: Problems, Motivations and Success Factors.” Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship 15 (4): 67–81.
   Google Scholar
• Dawson, C., and A. Henley. 2012. ““Push” versus “Pull” Entrepreneurship: An Ambiguous Distinction?” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research 8 (6): 697–719.
   Google Scholar
• Deng, S., L. Hassan, and S. Jivan. 1995. “Female Entrepreneurs Doing Business in Asia: A Special Investigation.” Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship 12 (2): 60–80.
   Google Scholar
• Derera, E., P. Chitakunye, and C. O'Neill. 2014. “The Impact of Gender on Start-up Capital: A Case of Female entrepreneurs in South Africa.” Journal of Entrepreneurship 23 (1): 95–114.
   Google Scholar
• Dey, I. 1993. Qualitative Data Analysis: A User Friendly Guide for Social Scientists. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Easterby-Smith, M., R. Thorpe, and P. Jackson. 2008. Management Research. 3rd ed., London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Fielden, S. L., and M. J. Davidson. 2010. International Research Handbook on Successful Female entrepreneurs. London: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Fuentelsaz, L., C. Gonzalez, J. P. Maicas, and J. Montero. 2015. “How Different Formal Institutions Affect Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship.” Business Research Quarterly 18 (1): 246–258.
   Google Scholar
• Gephart, R. P. 2004. “From the Editors: Qualitative Research and the Academy of Management Journal.” Academy of Management Journal 47 (1): 454–462.
   Google Scholar
• Guest, G., A. Bunce, and L. Johnson. 2006. “How Many Interviews Are Enough? An Experiment with Data Saturation and Variability.” Field Methods 18 (1): 59–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holcombe, R. G. 2014. “Institutions and Entrepreneurship.” In Economic Behaviour, Economic Freedom and Entrepreneurship, edited by R. J. Cebula, J. C. Hall, F. G. Mixon, and J. E. Payne, 64–75. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Isaac, C. 2012. Forbes Woman. Accessed 5 November 2014. http://www.forbes.com/sites/worldviews/2012/07/06/forget-foreign-aid-focus-on-foreign-entrepreneurship-for-women/#101c5ea11d8d.
   Google Scholar
• Ismail, H. C., F. M. Shamsudin, and M. S Chowdhury. 2012. “An Exploratory Study of Motivational Factors on Female Entrepreneurship Venturing in Malaysia.” Business and Economic Research 2 (1): 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Jamali, D. 2009. “Constraints and Opportunities Facing Female Entrepreneurs in Developing Countries: A Relational Perspective.” Gender in Management: An International Journal 24 (4): 232–251.
   Google Scholar
• Jennings, J. E., and C. Brush. 2013. “Research on Women Entrepreneurs: Challenges to (and from) the Broader Entrepreneurship Literature?” The Academy of Management Annals 7 (1): 663–715.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klapper, L., L. Laeven, and R. Rajan. 2006. “Entry Regulation as a Barrier to Entrepreneurship.” Journal of Financial Economics 82 (3): 591–629.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakovleva, T., M. Solesvik, and A. Trifilova. 2013. “Financial Availability and Government Support for Female Entrepreneurs in Transitional Economies.” Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 20 (2): 314–340.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J. W., and S. W. Tai. 2010. “Motivators and Inhibitors of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development in Kazakhstan.” World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 6 (1/2): 61–75.
   Google Scholar
• Leitch, C. M., F. M. Hill, and R. T. Harrison. 2010. “The Philosophy and Practice of Intrepretivist Research in Entrepreneurship: Quality, Validation and Trust.” Organizational Research Method 13 (1): 67–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Low, P. K. C. 2007. “The Value of Diversity: The Kazakhstan Perspective.” Journal of Management Development 26 (7): 683–699.
   Google Scholar
• Manolova, T. S., N. M. Carter, I. M. Manev, and B. S. Gyoshev. 2007. “The Differential Effect of Men and Female Entrepreneurs’ Human Capital and Networking on Growth Expectancies in Bulgaria.” Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice 31 (3): 407–426.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marlow, S., and M. McAdam. 2013. “Gender and Entrepreneurship: Advancing Debate and Challenging Myths: Exploring the Mystery of the Under-performing Female Entrepreneur.” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research 19 (1): 114–124.
   Google Scholar
• McGoan, P., C. L. Redeker, S. Y. Cooper, and K. G. Greenan. 2012. “Female Entrepreneurship and the Management of Business and Domestic Roles: Motivations, Expectations and Realities.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal 24 (1–2): 53–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles, M.B., A. M. Huberman, and J. Saldana. 2013. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 3rd ed. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Minniti, M., and W. Naude. 2010. “Female Entrepreneurship and Economic Activity.” European Journal of Development Research 22 (3): p. 294–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller, S. L., and S. Goic. 2002. “Entrepreneurial Potential in Transition Economies: A View from Tomorrow's Leaders.” Journal of Development Entrepreneurship 5 (1): 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Mueller, S.L., and A.S. Thomas. 2001. “Culture and Entrepreneurial Potential: A Nine-Country Study of Locus of Control and Innovativeness.” Journal of Business Venturing 16 (1): 51–75.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muravyev, A., O. Talavera, and D. Schafer. 2009. “Entrepreneurs’ Gender and Financial Constraints: Evidence from International Data.” Journal of Comparative Economics 37 (2): 270–286.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nazpary, J. 2001. Post-Soviet Chaos: Violence and Dispossession in Kazakhstan. London: Pluto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Noguera, M., C. Alvarez, J. M. Merigo, and D. Urbano. 2015. “Determinants of Female Entrepreneurship in Spain: An Institutional Approach.” Journal of Computational & Mathematical Organisation Theory 21 (4): 341–355.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• North, D. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
   Google Scholar
• Pyrkalo, S. 2015. EBRD Launches Women in Business Programme for Kazakhstan at Eurasian Women's Summit in Astana. Accessed 23 March 2016. http://www.ebrd.com/news/2015/ebrd-launches-women-in-business-programme-for-kazakhstan-at-eurasian-womens-summit-in-astana.html.
   Google Scholar
• Reynolds, P. D., S. M. Camp, W. D. Bygrave, E. Autio, and M. Hay. 2001. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2001 Executive Report. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.
   Google Scholar
• Richards, L. 1999. Using NVivo in Qualitative Research. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez, M. J., and F. J. Santos. 2009. “Women Nascent Entrepreneurs and Social Capital in the Process of Firm Creation.” International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 5 (1): 45–64.
   Google Scholar
• Roomi, M. A. 2011. “Entrepreneurial Capital, Social Values and Islamic Traditions: Exploring the Growth of Women-Owned Enterprises in Pakistan.” International Small Business Journal 31 (2): 175–191.
   Google Scholar
• Sarri, K., and A. Trihopoulou. 2005. “Female Entrepreneurs’ Personal Characteristics and Motivation: A Review of the Greek Situation.” Women in Management Review 20 (1/2): 24–37.
   Google Scholar
• Saunders, M., P. Lewis, and A. Thornhill. 2012. Research Methods for Business Students. 6th ed. London: Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• Scott, W. R. 2001. Institutions and Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Scott, R., and J. Meyer. 1994. Institutional Environments and Organisations: Structural Complexity and Individualism. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sheila, T. 2009. “Beyond the Story Itself: Narrative Inquiry and Autoethnography in Intercultural Research in Higher Education.” Forum: Qualitative Research 10 (1): 1–16. Accessed 20 February 2015. http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1218.
   Google Scholar
• Shelton, L. M. 2006. “Female Entrepreneurs, Work–Family Conflict, and Venture Performance: New Insights into the Work–Family Interface.” Journal of Small Business Management 44 (2): 285–297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer, S., J. E. Amoros, and D. Moska; Global Entrepreneurship Research Association. 2015. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2014 Global Report. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.
   Google Scholar
• Smallbone, D., and F. Welter. 2001. “The Distinctiveness of Entrepreneurship in Transition Economies.” Small Business Economics 16 (4): 249–262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smallbone, D., and F. Welter. 2006. “Conceptualising Entrepreneurship in a Transition Context.” International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 3 (2): 190–206.
   Google Scholar
• Spencer, L., J. Ritchie, and W. O'Connor. 2003. “Analysis: Practices, Principles and Processes.” In Qualitative Research Practice: A Guide for Social Science Students and Researchers, edited by J. Ritchie & J. Lewis, 199–218. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Stead, V. 2017. “Belonging and Female Entrepreneurs: Women's Navigation of Gendered Assumptions in Entrepreneurial Practice.” International Small Business Journal 35 (1): 61–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Astana Times. 2015. “Business.” The Astana Times, July 15, 5–6.
   Google Scholar
• Thornton, P., W. Ocasio, and M. Lounsbury. 2012. The Institutional Logics Perspective: A New Approach to Culture, Structure and Process. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tlaiss, H. A. 2015. “Entrepreneurial Motivations of Women: Evidence from the United Arab Emirates.” International Small Business Journal 33 (5): 562–581.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valdez, M. E., and J. Richardson. 2013. “Institutional Determinants of Macro-level Entrepreneurship.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 37 (5): 1149–1175.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vita, L., M. Mari, and S. Poggesi. 2014. “Female Entrepreneurs in and from Developing Countries: Evidences from the Literature.” European Management Journal. 32 (3): 451–460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welter, F., and S. Kolb. 2006. “Women and Entrepreneurship in Latvia.” TeliaSonera Institutite Discussion Paper, No.4. Accessed 20 February 2015. http://www.biceps.org/assets/docs/petijumuserija/Women_and_Entrepreneurship_in_Latvia.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Welter, F., and D. Smallbone. 2008. “Women's Entrepreneurship from an Institutional Perspective: The Case of Uzbekistan.” International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 4 (4): 505–520.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, N., and C. C. Williams. 2011. “Beyond Necessity Versus Opportunity Entrepreneurship: Some Lessons from English Derived Urban Neighbourhoods.” International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10 (1): 23–40.
   Google Scholar
• Wilthagen, T., and R. Rogowski. 2002. “The Legal Regulation of Transitional Labour Markets.” In The Dynamics of Full Employment: Social Integration Through Transitional Labour Markets, edited by G. Schmid, and B. Gazier, 233–274. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• World Trade Press. 2010. Kazakhstan. California: World Trade Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zimmerman, M. A., and H. M. Chu. 2013. “Motivation, Success, and Problems of Entrepreneurs in Venezuela.” Journal of Management Policy and Practice 14 (2): 76–90.
   Google Scholar