Post-Traumatic Endophthalmitis: Clinico-Microbiological Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Prognostic Factors at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Eastern India

REFERENCES

• Ariyasu RG, Kumar S, LaBree LD, Wagner DG, Smith RE. Microorganisms cultured from the anterior chamber of ruptured globes at the time of repair. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;119(2):181–188. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73871-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mieler WF, Ellis MK, Williams DF, Han DP. Retained intraocular foreign bodies and endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology. 1990;97(11):1532–1538. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(90)32381-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakayama LF, Bergamo VC, De Moraes NSB. Six-year epidemiological analysis of post traumatic endophthalmitis in a Brazilian hospital. Int J Retina Vitreous. 2019;5:43. doi:10.1186/s40942-019-0193-8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Essex RW, Yi Q, Charles PG, Allen PJ. Post-traumatic endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology. 2004;111(11):2015–2022. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.09.041.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das T, Kunimoto DY, Sharma S, et al. Relationship between clinical presentation and visual outcome in postoperative and posttraumatic endophthalmitis in south central India. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2005;53(1):5–16. doi:10.4103/0301-4738.15298.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhagat N, Nagori S, Zarbin M. Post-traumatic infectious endophthalmitis. Surv Ophthalmol. 2011;56(3):214–251. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2010.09.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra S, Kunimoto DY, Kazi L, et al. Endophthalmitis after open globe injury: microbiologic spectrum and susceptibilities of isolates. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142(5):852–854. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2006.05.024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabaci G, Bayer A, Mutlu FM, Karagül S, Yildirim E. Endophthalmitis after deadly-weapon-related open-globe injuries: risk factors, value of prophylactic antibiotics, and visual outcomes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;133(1):62–69. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(01)01320-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunimoto DY, Das TP, Sharma S, et al. Microbiologic spectrum and susceptibility of isolates: part II. Posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;128:242–244. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(99)00113-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long C, Liu B, Xu C, Jing Y, Yuan Z, Lin X. Causative organisms of post-traumatic endophthalmitis: a 20-year retrospective study. BMC Ophthalmol. 2014;14:34. doi:10.1186/1471-2415-14-34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma S, Jalali S, Adiraju MV, Gopinathan U, Das T. Sensitivity and predictability of vitreous cytology, biopsy, and membrane filter culture in endophthalmitis. Retina. 1996;16(6):525–529. doi:10.1097/00006982-199616060-00010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones DB, Liesegang TJ, Robinson NM. 1994. Laboratory diagnosis of ocular infections. Cumitech 13A. Am Soc Microbio. 31
   Google Scholar
• Li X, Zarbin MA, Langer PD, Bhagat N. Posttraumatic endophthalmitis: an 18-year case series. Retina. 2018;38(1):60–71. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000001511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabapathypillai SL, James HR, Lyerla RRL, Hassman L. The next generation of ocular pathogen detection. Asia-Pac J Ophthalmol. 2021;10(1):109–113. doi:10.1097/APO.0000000000000366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jindal A, Pathengay A, Khera M, et al. Combined ceftazidime and amikacin resistance among Gram-negative isolates in acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis: prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and visual acuity outcome. J Ophthal Inflamm Infect. 2013;3:62. doi:10.1186/1869-5760-3-62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Relhan N, Flynn HW. Endophthalmitis caused by gram-negative bacteria. In: Das T, eds. Endophthalmitis. Singapore: Springer; 2018. p185-195.
   Google Scholar
• Jackson TL, Eykyn SJ, Graham EM, Stanford MR. Endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis: a 17-year prospective series and review of 267 reported cases. Surv Ophthalmol. 2003;48(4):403–423. doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00054-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anand AR, Therese KL, Madhavan HN. Spectrum of aetiological agents of postoperative endophthalmitis and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2000;48:123–128.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kunimoto DY, Das T, Sharma S, et al. Microbiologic spectrum and susceptibility of isolates: part I. Post-operative endophthalmitis. Endophthalmitis research group. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;128:240–242. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(99)00112-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirsch EB, Tam VH. Impact of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on patient outcomes. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2010;10(4):441–451. doi:10.1586/erp.10.49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitra S, Basu S, Rath S, Sahu SK. Colistin resistance in Gram-negative ocular infections: prevalence, clinical outcome and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Int Ophthalmol. 2020;40(5):1307–1317. doi:10.1007/s10792-020-01298-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klotz SA, Penn CC, Negvesky GJ, Butrus SI. Fungal and parasitic infections of the eye. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000;13(4):662–685. doi:10.1128/cmr.13.4.662-685.2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doughman DJ, Leavenworth NM, Campbell RC, Lindstrom RL. Fungal keratitis at the University of Minnesota: 1971-1981. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1982;80:235–247.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Al-Omran AM, Abboud EB, Abu El-Asrar AM. Microbiologic spectrum and visual outcome of posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Retina. 2007;27(2):236–242. doi:10.1097/01.iae.0000225072.68265.ee.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams DF, Mieler WF, Abrams GW, Lewis H. Results and prognostic factors in penetrating ocular injuries with retained intraocular foreign bodies. Ophthalmology. 1988;95(7):911–916. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(88)33069-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nobe JR, Gomez DS, Liggett P, Smith RE, Robin JB. Post-traumatic and postoperative endophthalmitis: a comparison of visual outcomes. Br J Ophthalmol. 1987;71(8):614–617. doi:10.1136/bjo.71.8.614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson JT, Parver LM, Enger CL, Mieler WF, Liggett PE. Infectious endophthalmitis after penetrating injuries with retained intraocular foreign bodies. National eye trauma system. Ophthalmology. 1993;100(10):1468–1474. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31454-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jindal A, Moreker MR, Pathengay A, et al. Polymicrobial endophthalmitis: prevalence, causative organisms, and visual outcomes. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2013;3(1):6. doi:10.1186/1869-5760-3-6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wykoff CC, Flynn HW Jr, Miller D, Scott IU, Alfonso EC. Exogenous fungal endophthalmitis: microbiology and clinical outcomes. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(9):1501–1507.e15072. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.02.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma YR, Gaur N, Chandra P, Takkar B. Predictors of visual outcomes and microbial profile in endophthalmitis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47(11):991–998. doi:10.3928/23258160-20161031-02.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar