REFERENCES
- Kesselheim AS, Avorn J, Sarpatwari A. The high cost of prescription drugs in the united states: origins and prospects for reform. JAMA. 2016;316(8):858–871. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.11237.
- Newman-Casey PA, Woodward MA, Niziol LM, et al. Brand medications and medicare part d: how eye care providers’ prescribing patterns influence costs. Ophthalmology. 2018;125(3):332–339. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.05.024.
- Chen EM, Kombo N, Teng CC, et al. Ophthalmic medication expenditures and out-of-pocket spending: an analysis of US prescriptions from 2007-2016. Ophthalmology. 2020.
- Kanavos P, Ferrario A, Vandoros S, et al. Higher US branded drug prices and spending compared to other countries may stem partly from quick uptake of new drugs. Health Affairs. 2013;32(4):753–761. doi:https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0920.
- Generic Pharmaceutical A. Generic drug savings in the US. 4th annual ed Generic Pharmaceutical Association, Washington, DC http://www.ahipcoverage.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/2012-GPHA-IMS-GENERIC-SAVINGS-STUDY.pdf. 2012.
- Alpern JD, Zhang L, Stauffer WM, et al. Trends in pricing and generic competition within the oral antibiotic drug market in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65(11):1848–1852. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix634.
- Li DG, Joyce C, Mostaghimi A. Association between market competition and prices of generic topical dermatology drugs. JAMA Dermatol. 2018;154(12):1441–1446. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.3798.
- Ramsey SD. How state and federal policies as well as advances in genome science contribute to the high cost of cancer drugs. Health Aff (Millwood). 2015;34(4):571–575.doi:https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0112.
- Saku K, Zhang B, Noda K, et al. Randomized head-to-head comparison of pitavastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin for safety and efficacy (quantity and quality of LDL): the PATROL trial. Circ J. 2011;75(6):1493–1505. doi:https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-10-1281.
- Consumer Reports. Knowing when prescription prices are high and how to avoid overspending. Available: https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2012/11/where-high-drug-costs-hide/index.htm. Accessed May 13, 2020.
- Reinke T. Free statins disrupt pharmacy benefit plans. Managed Care. 2012;21(11):19-20.
- Slota C, Sayner R, Vitko M, et al. Glaucoma patient expression of medication problems and nonadherence. Optom Vis Sci. 2015;92(5):537–543. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000000574.
- Newman-Casey PA, Salman M, Lee PP, et al. Cost-utility analysis of glaucoma medication adherence. Ophthalmology. 2020;127(5):589–598. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.09.041.
- Dave CV, Kesselheim AS, Fox ER, et al. High generic drug prices and market competition: a retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167(3):145–151. doi:https://doi.org/10.7326/M16-1432.
- New evidence linking greater generic competition and lower generic drug prices Available: https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/center-drug-evaluation-and-research-cder/generic-competition-and-drug-prices.
- Frank RG, Salkever DS. Generic entry and the pricing of pharmaceuticals. J Econ Manage Strat. 1997;6(1):75–90.doi:https://doi.org/10.1162/105864097567039.
- Grabowski HG, Vernon JM. Brand loyalty, entry, and price-competition in pharmaceuticals after the 1984 Drug-Act. J Law Econ. 1992;35(2):331–350.doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/467257.
- The Express Scripts Lab. The express scripts 2014 drug trend report. March 2015.
- Cantor LB. Ophthalmic generic drug approval process: implications for efficacy and safety. J Glaucoma. 1997;6(5):344–349. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/00061198-199710000-00011.
- Wiske CP, Ogbechie OA, Schulman KA. Options to promote competitive generics markets in the United States. JAMA. 2015;314(20):2129–2130. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.13498.
- Dusetzina SB, Conti RM, Yu NL, et al. Association of prescription drug price rebates in medicare part d with patient out-of-pocket and federal spending. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177(8):1185–1188. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1885.
- Schulman KA, Dabora M. The relationship between pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) and the cost of therapies in the US pharmaceutical market: a policy primer for clinicians. Am Heart J. 2018;206:113–122. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2018.08.006.
- The New York Times. 20 states accuse generic drug companies of price fixing. Available: https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/15/business/generic-drug-price-lawsuit-teva-mylan.html. Accessed May 19, 2020.
- Strategies to sustain success in childhood immunizations. The National Vaccine Advisory Committee. JAMA. 1999;282(4):363–370. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.4.363.