Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality on the Binocular and Accommodative Function: A Systematic Review About Literature and Its Current Limitations

REFERENCES

• Davis AJ, Murphy JD, Owens D, Khazanchi D, Zigurs I. Avatars, people, and virtual worlds: Foundations for research in metaverses. J Assoc Inf Syst. 2009;10(2):90–117. doi: 10.17705/1jais.00183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kye B, Han N, Kim E, Park Y, Jo S. Educational applications of metaverse: possibilities and limitations. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18:32. doi: 10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paulus MM, Straube A, Eggert T. Vergence-accommodation conflict in virtual reality displays induces phoria adaptation. J Neurol. 2017;264(Suppl 1):16–17. doi: 10.1007/s00415-017-8425-z.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boon MY, Asper LJ, Chik P, Alagiah P, Ryan M. Treatment and compliance with virtual reality and anaglyph-based training programs for convergence insufficiency. Clin Exp Optom. November, 2020;103(6):870–876. doi: 10.1111/cxo.13057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munsamy A, Paruk H. A study to assess the feasibility of utilising virtual reality for the treatment of accommodative and vergence infacility. Br Ir Orthopt J. 2021;17(1):127–133. doi: 10.22599/bioj.175.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Molina-Martín A, Leal-Vega L, de Fez D, Martínez-Plaza E, Coco-Martín MB, Piñero DP. Amblyopia treatment through immersive virtual reality: A preliminary experience in anisometropic children. Vision (Basel). 7(2):42. doi: 10.3390/vision7020042. May 19, 2023.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Žiak P, Holm A, Halička J, Mojžiš P, Piñero DP. Amblyopia treatment of adults with dichoptic training using the virtual reality oculus rift head mounted display: preliminary results. BMC Ophthalmol. 2017;17(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12886-017-0501-8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Halicka J, Bittsansky M, Sivak S, Piñero DP, Ziak P. Virtual reality visual training in an adult patient with anisometropic amblyopia: Visual and functional magnetic resonance outcomes. Vision ( Basel, Switzerland), 2021;5(2):22. doi: 10.3390/vision5020022.
   Google Scholar
• Chung SA, Choi J, Jeong S, Ko J. Block-building performance test using a virtual reality head-mounted display in children with intermittent exotropia. Eye (Lond). 2021;35(6):1758–1765. doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-01160-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Yang C, Zhang G, et al. Intermittent exotropia treatment with dichoptic visual training using a unique virtual reality platform. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. January, 2019;22(1):22–30. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2018.0259. Epub November 17, 2018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali Q, Heldal I, Helgesen CG. A bibliometric analysis of virtual reality-aided vision therapy. Stud Health Technol Inform. 295:526–529. June 29, 2022.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ha SG, Na KH, Kweon IJ, Suh YW, Kim SH. Effects of head-mounted display on the oculomotor system and refractive error in normal adolescents. J Pediatric Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2016;53(4):238–245. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20160511-01.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turnbull PRK, Phillips JR. Ocular effects of virtual reality headset wear in young adults. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):16172. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16320-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed Elias Z, Batumalai UM, Azmi ANH. Virtual reality games on accommodation and convergence. Appl Ergon. 2019;81:102879. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102879.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szpak SCM, Saredakis D, Chen CS, Loetscher T. Beyond feeling sick: The visual and cognitive aftereffects of virtual reality. IEEE Access. 2019;7:130883–130892.
   Google Scholar
• Munsamy AJ, Paruk H, Gopichunder B, Luggya A, Majola T, Khulu S. The effect of gaming on accommodative and vergence facilities after exposure to virtual reality head-mounted display. J Optom. 2020;13(3):163–170. doi: 10.1016/j.optom.2020.02.004.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yoon HJ, Kim J, Park SW, Heo H. Influence of virtual reality on visual parameters: immersive versus non-immersive mode. BMC Ophthalmol. 2020;20(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12886-020-01471-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szpak A, Michalski SC, Loetscher T. Exergaming with beat saber: an investigation of virtual reality aftereffects. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(10):e19840. doi: 10.2196/19840.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tychsen L, Foeller P. Effects of immersive virtual reality headset viewing on young children: Visuomotor function, postural stability, and motion sickness. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020;209:151–159. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.07.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drew SA, Awad MF, Armendariz JA, Gabay B, Lachica IJ, Hinkel-Lipsker JW. The trade-off of virtual reality training for dart throwing: A facilitation of perceptual-motor learning with a detriment to performance. Front Sports And Active Living. 2020;2:59. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00059.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yoon HJ, Moon HS, Sung MS, Park SW, Heo H. Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):15382. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94680-w.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Souchet AD, Philippe S, Lévêque A, Ober F, Leroy L. Short- and long-term learning of job interview with a serious game in virtual reality: influence of eyestrain, stereoscopy, and apparatus. Virtual Reality. 2022;26(2):583–600. doi: 10.1007/s10055-021-00548-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhassan M, Alhamad F, Bokhary K, Almustanyir A. Effects of virtual reality head-mounted displays on oculomotor functions. Int J Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. March, 2021;6(1):10–16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijovs.20210601.12.
   Google Scholar
• Banstola S, Hanna K, O’Connor A. Changes to visual parameters following virtual reality gameplay. Br Ir Orthopt J. 2022;18(1):57–64. doi: 10.22599/bioj.257.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Institute of Health Economics (IHE). Quality appraisal of case series studies checklist. Institute of Health Economics. http://www.ihe.ca/research-programs/rmd/cssqac/cssqac-about). 2014. Edmonton, AB.
   Google Scholar
• Ma LL, Wang YY, Yang ZH, Huang D, Weng H, Zeng XT. Methodological quality (risk of bias) assessment tools for primary and secondary medical studies: what are they and which is better? Mil Med Res. 7(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s40779-020-00238-8. February 29, 2020. PMID: 32111253; PMCID: PMC7049186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neveu P, Roumes C, Philippe M, Fuchs P, Priot AE. Stereoscopic viewing can induce changes in the CA/C ratio. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 57(10):4321–4326. doi: 10.1167/iovs.15-18854. August 1, 2016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somrak A, Pogačnik M, Guna J. Impact of different types of head-centric rest-frames on VRISE and user experience in virtual environments. Appl Sci. 2021;11(4):11. doi: 10.3390/app11041593.
   Google Scholar
• Hibbard PB, Van Dam LCJ, Scarfe P. The implications of interpupillary distance variability for virtual reality. 2020 International Conference on 3D Immersion (IC3D), Brussels, Belgium; 2020:1–7. doi: 10.1109/IC3D51119.2020.9376369.
   Google Scholar